Jeremiah 27
Commentary from 3 fathers
Proclaim ye among the Gentiles, and cause the tidings to be heard, and suppress them not: say ye, Babylon is taken, Belus is confounded; the fearless, the luxurious Maerodach is delivered up.
᾿Αναγγείλατε ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι καὶ ἀκουστὰ ποιήσατε καὶ μὴ κρύψητε, εἴπατε· ἑάλωκε Βαβυλών, κατῃσχύνθη Βῆλος ἡ ἀπτόητος, ἡ τρυφερὰ παρεδόθη Μαρωδάχ.
та́кѡ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь: сотворѝ себѣ̀ ᲂу҆́зы и҆ кла̑ды и҆ возложѝ на вы́ю свою̀,
(Verse 2.) This is what the Lord says to me: Make for yourself chains and shackles. Or κλοιοὺς, which are called Mutoth () in Hebrew, and in the common language they are called Boias.
Commentary on Jeremiah
For a nation has come up against her from the north, he shall utterly ravage her land, and there shall be none to dwell in it, neither man nor beast.
ὅτι ἀνέβη ἐπ’ αὐτὴν ἔθνος ἀπὸ βορρᾶ· οὗτος θήσει τὴν γῆν αὐτῆς εἰς ἀφανισμόν, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ κατοικῶν ἐν αὐτῇ ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου καὶ ἕως κτήνους.
и҆ да по́слеши ѧ҆̀ ко царю̀ і҆дꙋме́йскꙋ и҆ ко царю̀ мѡа́вскꙋ и҆ ко царю̀ сынѡ́въ а҆ммѡ́нихъ, и҆ ко царю̀ тѵ́рскꙋ и҆ ко царю̀ сїдѡ́нскꙋ, въ рꙋкꙋ̀ послѡ́въ и҆́хъ и҆дꙋ́щихъ срѣ́тенїемъ свои́мъ во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мъ ко седекі́и царю̀ і҆ꙋ́динꙋ,
3–4(Verse 3, 4.) And you shall put them on your shoulder, and send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the sons of Ammon, and to the king of Tyre, and to the king of Sidon, by the hand of messengers who came to Jerusalem to King Zedekiah of Judah. And you shall command them to speak to their masters: Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel. You shall say this to your masters. The past vision was given at the beginning to the prophet of the reign of Joachim, son of Josiah, king of Judah. But these things happened under Zedekiah, who was the last ruler of Jerusalem, and under whom the city was captured and destroyed. And Jeremiah was commanded to put chains, or wooden yokes called "Mutoth" in Hebrew, around his neck and send them to the kings of Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tyre, and Sidon, through the messengers who had come to Zedekiah. And he was to instruct his messengers to announce that they should serve King Nebuchadnezzar and listen to what the following prophecy says. And so that perhaps the ambassadors and kings of those nations would respond, why do you not command this to your people? It also speaks similar things to King Zedekiah, and to the priests and prophets. This passage is always understood allegorically (by Origen), and fleeing from the truth, it interprets the heavenly Jerusalem, that its inhabitants should willingly take on bodies and descend into Babylon, that is, the confusion of this world which is placed in evil, and serve the Babylonian king, undoubtedly the devil. But if they refuse to do this, they will by no means bear heavy burdens; instead, they will perish by the sword, and by famine, and by pestilence; and they will not become men, but demons. He said this so that his defenders do not accuse us of slander. However, let us follow a simple and true history, so that we are not entangled in certain clouds and deceptions.
Commentary on Jeremiah
In those days, and at that time, the children of Israel shall come, they and the children of Juda together; they shall proceed, weeping as they go, seeking the Lord their God.
ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ ἥξουσιν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραήλ, αὐτοὶ καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ιούδα ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό· βαδίζοντες καὶ κλαίοντες πορεύσονται τὸν Κύριον Θεὸν αὐτῶν ζητοῦντες.
и҆ завѣща́й и҆̀мъ ко господє́мъ и҆́хъ рещѝ: та́кѡ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь бг҃ъ і҆и҃левъ: та́кѡ рцы́те ко господє́мъ свои̑мъ:
They shall ask the way till they come to Sion, for that way shall they set their face; and they shall come and flee for refuge to the Lord their God; for the everlasting covenant shall not be forgotten.
ἕως Σιὼν ἐρωτήσουσι τὴν ὁδόν, ὧδε γὰρ τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν δώσουσι· καὶ ἥξουσι καὶ καταφεύξονται πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεόν, διαθήκη γὰρ αἰώνιος οὐκ ἐπιλησθήσεται.
а҆́зъ сотвори́хъ зе́млю и҆ человѣ́ка и҆ скоты̀, ꙗ҆̀же на лицы̀ землѝ, крѣ́постїю мое́ю вели́кою и҆ мы́шцею мое́ю высо́кою, и҆ да́мъ ю҆̀, є҆мꙋ́же бꙋ́детъ ᲂу҆го́дно пред̾ ѻ҆чи́ма мои́ма.
(Verse 5.) I made the earth and man, and the animals that are on the face of the earth, by my great strength and by my outstretched arm, and I gave it to him whom it pleased in my eyes. Although this Scripture speaks anthropomorphically, how can we humans speak and understand: nevertheless, the strength of God and his arm is the one about whom the Apostle speaks: Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God (1 Corinthians 1:24). And Isaiah says: Lord, who has believed our report? and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed? (Isaiah 53:1) John the Evangelist also writes: All things were made through him, and without him nothing was made. (John 1:3) David also speaks in his song: By the word of the Lord the heavens were made, and all their host by the breath of his mouth. (Psalm 33:6) And when he says, I have given her to him whom it pleased me, it signifies that all things are given to the human race through the grace of God. I, he says, made the earth, and man, and animals (Psalm 35). The reverse order. In Genesis, indeed, animals are created first, and the last is man (Genesis 1), but here it names man first, and afterwards those things that are subject to man.
Commentary on Jeremiah
My people have been lost sheep: their shepherds thrust them out, they caused them to wander on the mountains: they went from mountain to hill, they forgot their resting-place.
πρόβατα ἀπολωλότα ἐγενήθη ὁ λαός μου, οἱ ποιμένες αὐτῶν ἔξωσαν αὐτούς, ἐπὶ τὰ ὄρη ἀπεπλάνησαν αὐτούς, ἐξ ὄρους ἐπὶ βουνὸν ᾤχοντο, ἐπελάθοντο κοίτης αὐτῶν.
И҆ нн҃ѣ а҆́зъ да́хъ всю̀ зе́млю сїю̀ въ рꙋ́цѣ навꙋходоно́сорꙋ царю̀ вавѷлѡ́нскꙋ, да є҆мꙋ̀ рабо́таютъ, и҆ ѕвѣ̑ри сє́льныѧ да́хъ дѣ́лати є҆мꙋ̀:
6–7(Verse 6, 7.) Now therefore I have given all these lands into the hand of my servant Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon: and the beasts of the field I have also given him to serve him. And all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son's son. How then is Israel in a state of misery, when compared to him, Nebuchadnezzar, the servant of God? It is written in the Gospel: The world was made through him, and the world did not know him. He came to his own, and his own people did not receive him. (John 1:10). Therefore, the creator rightly hands over his creation to whom he wishes. Moreover, even the devil, in whose likeness Nebuchadnezzar preceded, confesses: all these things have been handed over to me. And what he has brought in: Moreover, I have also given him the beasts of the field to serve him, or rather we should understand all kinds of animals; for indeed, both man and those things that are subject to them are handed over to them; or certainly, let us accept that wild beasts are also savage tribes, in that they also serve, whereas previously they did not know how to serve. But his son, and the son of his son, according to the Hebrew, is called Belshazzar and Evil-Merodach, about whom Daniel writes.
Until the time comes for its land and itself. So that the kingdom of Nebuchadnezzar would not be thought to be everlasting, it is said that it will be taken by the Medes and Persians. For this is what it means: Until the time comes for its land and itself. But this is not included in the Septuagint.
And many nations and great kings shall serve him. It is not said, all: for this empire properly belongs to Christ, even though it is not read according to Symmachus: And many nations and great kings shall serve him; but many nations and great kings shall subject themselves to him in servitude, so that he himself may also serve the Medes and Persians, to whom all nations had previously served. This is what we have put from the Hebrew: I have given him that they may serve him, and all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his grandson, until the time of his land and himself come: and in servitude when many nations and great kings shall subject themselves, it is not read in the Septuagint (as we have already said) edition.
Commentary on Jeremiah
We have long felt that God is angry, yet we do not try to appease him. It is our sins that make the barbarians strong. It is our vices that vanquish Rome’s soldiers. As if there were here too little material for carnage, civil wars have made almost greater havoc among us than the swords of foreign foes. Miserable must those Israelites have been compared with whom Nebuchadnezzar was called God’s servant. Unhappy too are we who are so displeasing to God that he uses the fury of the barbarians to execute his wrath against us. Still, when Hezekiah repented, 185, Assyrians were destroyed in one night by a single angel. When Jehosaphat sang the praises of the Lord, the Lord gave his worshiper the victory. Again, when Moses fought against Amalek, it was not with the sword but with prayer that he prevailed. Therefore, if we wish to be lifted up, we must first prostrate ourselves.
Letter 60.17
All that found them consumed them: their enemies said, Let us not leave them alone, because they have sinned against the Lord: he that gathered their fathers had a pasture of righteousness.
πάντες οἱ εὑρίσκοντες αὐτοὺς ἀνήλισκον αὐτούς, οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτῶν εἶπαν· μὴ ἀνῶμεν αὐτούς· ἀνθ’ ὧν ἥμαρτον τῷ Κυρίῳ νομὴ δικαιοσύνης τῷ συναγαγόντι τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν.
и҆ послꙋ́жатъ є҆мꙋ̀ всѝ ꙗ҆зы́цы и҆ сы́нꙋ є҆гѡ̀ и҆ сы́нꙋ сы́на є҆гѡ̀, до́ндеже прїи́детъ вре́мѧ землѝ є҆гѡ̀ и҆ є҆гѡ̀ самогѡ̀, и҆ послꙋ́жатъ є҆мꙋ̀ мно́зи наро́ди и҆ ца́рїе вели́цы:
Flee ye out of the midst of Babylon, and from the land of the Chaldeans, and go forth, and be as serpents before sheep.
ἀπαλλοτριώθητε ἐκ μέσου Βαβυλῶνος καὶ ἀπὸ γῆς Χαλδαίων καὶ ἐξέλθατε καὶ γένεσθε ὥσπερ δράκοντες κατὰ πρόσωπον προβάτων.
страна́ же и҆ ца́рство, є҆ли́цы а҆́ще не порабо́таютъ царю̀ вавѷлѡ́нскꙋ и҆ є҆ли́цы не вдѣ́жꙋтъ вы́и своеѧ̀ въ ꙗ҆ре́мъ царѧ̀ вавѷлѡ́нска, мече́мъ и҆ гла́домъ посѣщꙋ̀ и҆̀хъ, речѐ гдⷭ҇ь, до́ндеже сконча́ютсѧ въ рꙋцѣ̀ є҆гѡ̀.
By the mouth of his prophet God called the heathen king Nebuchadnezzar, king of kings. For Jeremiah said, “Every people and kingdom that shall not put his neck into the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar, king of kings, my servant, with famine and with sword and with pestilence will I visit that people.” Though he is the great King, God does not begrudge the name of kingship to mortals. Though he is the great God, yet he did not grudge the name of godhead to the children of flesh. Though all fatherhood is his, he has called men fathers too. He said to the congregation, “Instead of your fathers shall be your children.” Though authority is his, he has given people authority one over another. While worship is his for honor, he has still allowed in the world for one human being to honor another.… Behold the grace and the love of our good Maker, that he did not begrudge to people the name of godhead and the name of worship, and the name of kingship and the name of authority, because he is the Father of the created things that are over the face of the world, and he has honored and exalted and glorified human beings above all creatures. For with his holy hands he formed them, and with his Spirit he breathed into them, and he became a dwelling place for them from ancient times. He abides in them and walks among them. For he said through the prophet, I will dwell in them and walk in them.
Demonstrations 17:6
(Verse 8) However, the nation and kingdom that will not serve King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, and whoever will not bend their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, I will visit upon that nation with the sword, famine, and plague, declares the Lord, until I have consumed them by his hand. Not only does the Lord subject sinful nations to Nebuchadnezzar, but the Apostle also speaks of sinners: whom I have handed over to Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme (1 Timothy 1:20). And in another place: I have handed over such a person to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved (1 Corinthians 5:5). It also warns to obey the authorities, not only because of wrath but also because of conscience, so that we may not be condemned by them.
Commentary on Jeremiah
For Jeremiah also prophesied that the Lord commanded them to go into Babylon. He reproved as false prophets any of the other prophets who told the people not to go to Babylon. Let those who read the Scriptures remember this as we do. Let those who do not, give us credit. Jeremiah, then, on the part of God, threatened those who would not go to Babylon, whereas he promised rest to those who would go and even a kind of contentment in the cultivation of their vines, and planting of their gardens and the abundance of their fruits.
Sermon 51.14
For, behold, I stir up against Babylon the gatherings of nations out of the land of the north; and they shall set themselves in array against her: thence shall she be taken, as the dart of an expert warrior shall not return empty.
ὅτι ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐγείρω ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα συναγωγὰς ἐθνῶν ἐκ γῆς βορρᾶ, καὶ παρατάξονται αὐτῇ· ἐκεῖθεν ἁλώσεται, ὡς βολὶς μαχητοῦ συνετοῦ οὐκ ἐπιστρέψει κενή.
Вы́ же не слꙋ́шайте лжепрорѡ́къ ва́шихъ и҆ волхвꙋ́ющихъ ва́мъ и҆ ви́дѧщихъ сѡ́нїѧ ва́мъ, ни чарова́нїй ва́шихъ, ни ѡ҆баѧ́телей ва́шихъ глаго́лющихъ: не послꙋ́жите царю̀ вавѷлѡ́нскомꙋ:
9–11(Verse 9 and following) So do not listen to your prophets, and diviners, and dreamers, and augurs, and sorcerers, who say to you: 'You will not serve the king of Babylon, for they prophesy lies to you, in order to drive you far from your land and to expel you, and you will perish.' But the nation that puts its neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon and serves him, I will let it stay in its own land, says the Lord; and it will till it and dwell in it. The allegorical interpreter raves at this place and encourages those placed in heaven to not listen to their prophets, diviners, dreamers, and sorcerers, but rather to serve Nebuchadnezzar and take on the body of humility, the cries of infants, and the cradle of little children. For if they do these things, having completed their servitude and the condition of human mortality, they will return to their own land, live there, and do what they did before. And he says that he suspects those who have despised God's commandments will become burdened with human bodies as future demons and unclean spirits, and they will not regain their former abode. But we will simply explain that there are prophets among the nations who pretend to predict the future by divine inspiration. And there are diviners, of whom the common proverb says: The wise claim to divine. And there are dream interpreters who imitate Joseph and Daniel. And there are soothsayers, who interpret the flight and calls of birds and announce what should or should not be done. And there are sorcerers, whom we can call either poisoners or servants of the phantasms of demons, who are called Kasaph in Hebrew. All these, he says, deceive you and undermine you, so that you do not serve the king of Babylon. For it is much better to willingly embrace servitude, to have a friend whom you serve, and to cultivate one's ancestral land, than to serve as a captive by force and necessity.
Commentary on Jeremiah
And Chaldea shall be a spoil: all that spoil her shall be satisfied.
καὶ ἔσται ἡ Χαλδαία εἰς προνομήν, πάντες οἱ προνομεύοντες αὐτὴν ἐμπλησθήσονται,
ꙗ҆́кѡ лжꙋ̀ прорица́ютъ ті́и ва́мъ, є҆́же бы ᲂу҆дали́тисѧ ва́мъ ѿ землѝ ва́шеѧ, и҆зве́ргнꙋти ва́съ и҆ є҆́же поги́бнꙋти ва́мъ.
Because ye rejoiced, and boasted, while plundering mine heritage; because ye exulted as calves in the grass, and pushed with the horn as bulls.
ὅτι ηὐφραίνεσθε καὶ κατεκαυχᾶσθε διαρπάζοντες τὴν κληρονομίαν μου, διότι ἐσκιρτᾶτε ὡς βοΐδια ἐν βοτάνῃ καὶ ἐκερατίζετε ὡς ταῦροι.
Страна́ же, ꙗ҆́же скло́нитъ вы́ю свою̀ под̾ ꙗ҆ре́мъ царѧ̀ вавѷлѡ́нска и҆ послꙋ́житъ є҆мꙋ̀, ѡ҆ста́влю ю҆̀ на землѝ свое́й, гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь: и҆ ѡ҆ра́ти бꙋ́детъ ю҆̀ и҆ всели́тсѧ на не́й.
Your mother is greatly ashamed; your mother that bore you for prosperity is confounded: she is the last of the nations, desolate,
ᾐσχύνθη ἡ μήτηρ ὑμῶν σφόδρα, ἐνετράπη ἡ τεκοῦσα ὑμᾶς μήτηρ ἐπ’ ἀγαθὰ ἐσχάτη ἐθνῶν ἔρημος.
И҆ ко седекі́и царю̀ і҆ꙋ́динꙋ глаго́лахъ по всѣ̑мъ словесє́мъ си̑мъ, глаго́лѧ: склони́те вы̑и ва́шѧ под̾ и҆́го царѧ̀ вавѷлѡ́нска и҆ слꙋжи́те є҆мꙋ̀ и҆ лю́демъ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ жи́ви бꙋ́дете:
12–13(Verse 12, 13.) And to King Zedekiah of Judah I spoke according to all these words, saying: Submit your necks under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him and his people, and you shall live. Why will you die, you and your people, by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence, as the Lord has spoken against the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon? Do not listen to the words of the prophets who say to you, 'You shall not serve the king of Babylon,' for they prophesy a lie to you. I have not sent them, says the Lord, but they prophesy falsely in my name, in order to drive you out and make you perish, you and the prophets who are prophesying to you. After all the nations pass over to King Zedekiah of Judah, he speaks with the same nations he threatened, saying: for the nation of Israel does not deserve the privilege, who has sinned either similar or greater than the other nations. Finally, because the rebellious people refused to listen, they were destroyed by sword, famine, and pestilence. It should be noted in the holy Scripture that it refers to false prophets as prophets who prophesy falsely in the name of the Lord. But they, says he, do this, in order that they may cast you out, and bring destruction upon you, as well as upon the prophets who prophesy to you. And therefore the destruction is alike of those who are deceived and of those who deceive. This is what we have put from the Hebrew: Serve under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him and his people, and you shall live. Why will you die, you and your people, by the sword, and by famine, and by pestilence, as the Lord has spoken concerning the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon? Do not listen to the words of the prophets who say to you, 'In the Septuagint it is not found.' And therefore I advise, so that the intelligent reader may understand how much is lacking in each Greek and Latin codex.
Commentary on Jeremiah
by reason of the Lord’s anger: it shall not be inhabited, but it shall be all a desolation; and every one that passes through Babylon shall scowl, and they shall hiss at all her plague.
:
почто̀ ᲂу҆мира́ете, ты̀ и҆ лю́дїе твоѝ, мече́мъ и҆ гла́домъ и҆ мо́ромъ, ꙗ҆́коже речѐ гдⷭ҇ь ко страна́мъ, не хотѣ́вшымъ слꙋжи́ти царю̀ вавѷлѡ́нскꙋ;
Set yourselves in array against Babylon round about, all ye that bend the bow; shoot at her, spare not your arrows,
παρατάξασθε ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα κύκλῳ, πάντες τείνοντες τόξον· τοξεύσατε ἐπ’ αὐτήν, μὴ φείσησθε ἐπὶ τοῖς τοξεύμασιν ὑμῶν.
не послꙋ́шайте сло́въ проро́кѡвъ глаго́лющихъ ва́мъ: не послꙋ́жите царю̀ вавѷлѡ́нскꙋ:
and prevail against her: her hands are weakened, her bulwarks are fallen, and her wall is broken down: for it is vengeance from God: take vengeance upon her; as she has done, do to her.
κατακρατήσατε αὐτήν· παρελύθησαν αἱ χεῖρες αὐτῆς, ἔπεσαν αἱ ἐπάλξεις αὐτῆς καὶ κατεσκάφη τὸ τεῖχος αὐτῆς, ὅτι ἐκδίκησις παρὰ Θεοῦ ἐστιν· ἐκδικεῖτε ἐπ’ αὐτήν· καθὼς ἐποίησε, ποιήσατε αὐτῇ.
ꙗ҆́кѡ непра́веднѡ ті́и прорица́ютъ ва́мъ: ꙗ҆́кѡ не посла́хъ и҆́хъ, речѐ гдⷭ҇ь, ті́и же прорица́ютъ и҆́менемъ мои́мъ ѡ҆ непра́вдѣ, є҆́же бы погꙋби́ти ва́съ, и҆ поги́бнете вы̀ и҆ проро́цы ва́ши, прорица́ющїи ва́мъ ѡ҆ непра́вдѣ лѡ́жнаѧ.
Utterly destroy seed out of Babylon, and him that holds a sickle in time of harvest: for fear of the Grecian sword, they shall return every one to his people, and every one shall flee to his own land.
ἐξολοθρεύσασθε σπέρμα ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος, κατέχοντα δρέπανον ἐν καιρῷ θερισμοῦ· ἀπὸ προσώπου μαχαίρας ῾Ελληνικῆς ἕκαστος εἰς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ ἀποστρέψουσι καὶ ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ φεύξεται.
Ва́мъ и҆ всѣ̑мъ лю́демъ си̑мъ и҆ жерцє́мъ глаго́лахъ, рекі́й: та́кѡ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь: не слꙋ́шайте слове́съ проро́ческихъ, прорица́ющихъ ва́мъ лжꙋ̀ и҆ глаго́лющихъ: сѐ, сосꙋ́ди до́мꙋ гдⷭ҇нѧ возвратѧ́тсѧ ѿ вавѷлѡ́на нн҃ѣ вско́рѣ: ꙗ҆́кѡ лжꙋ̀ прорица́ютъ ва́мъ,
16–17(Verse 16, 17.) And I spoke to the priests and to this people, saying: thus says the Lord: Do not listen to the words of your prophets who prophesy to you, saying: Behold, the vessels of the Lord will return from Babylon now quickly: for they are prophesying lies to you. This, which we have now set, in the Septuagint is not present: and that which follows, Do not listen to them, but serve the king of Babylon, so that you may live. Why is this city being laid waste? But to the nation and the king, he speaks to the priests and the people, who had already predicted the destruction through the prophets, saying: that I will cast you out and you will perish, both you and the prophets who prophesy to you. He speaks the same things that he had spoken to the king and the nation, so that they do not hear the words of their own prophets and say that the vessels of the Lord's temple should now be brought back, which had been taken away with Jechoniah and his princes and his mother: and he warns that they should serve the king of Babylon and live, and that the city, which voluntarily submitted, should by no means be handed over to fire. And in this the mercy of the Lord is to hand over to a lighter punishment, so that they do not bear a heavier one. ((Al. wants to hand over))
Commentary on Jeremiah
Israel is a wandering sheep; the lions have driven him out: the king of Assyria first devoured him, and afterward this king of Babylon has gnawed his bones.
Πρόβατον πλανώμενον ᾿Ισραήλ, λέοντες ἔξωσαν αὐτόν· ὁ πρῶτος ἔφαγεν αὐτὸν βασιλεὺς ᾿Ασσοὺρ καὶ οὗτος ὕστερον τὰ ὀστᾶ αὐτοῦ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος.
не послꙋ́шайте и҆́хъ, но слꙋжи́те царю̀ вавѷлѡ́нскомꙋ, да жи́ви бꙋ́дете. Вскꙋ́ю даетѐ гра́дъ се́й въ запꙋстѣ́нїе;
Therefore thus saith the Lord; Behold, I will take vengeance on the king of Babylon, and upon his land, as I took vengeance on the king of Assyria.
διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει Κύριος· ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐκδικῶ ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα Βαβυλῶνος καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ, καθὼς ἐξεδίκησα ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα ᾿Ασσούρ.
А҆́ще сꙋ́ть проро́цы и҆ є҆́сть сло́во гдⷭ҇не въ ни́хъ, да предста́нꙋтъ гдⷭ҇ꙋ Вседержи́телю, да не ѿи́дꙋтъ сосꙋ́ди, ѡ҆ста́вшїисѧ въ домꙋ̀ гдⷭ҇ни и҆ въ домꙋ̀ царѧ̀ і҆ꙋ́дина и҆ во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мѣ, въ вавѷлѡ́нъ.
(Verse 18) And if there are prophets, and the word of the Lord is in them, let them come forward. And what follows, 'and we shall be subjected to the end of this chapter,' is not found in the Septuagint.
Commentary on Jeremiah
And I will restore Israel to his pasture, and he shall feed on Carmel and on mount Ephraim and in Galaad, and his soul shall be satisfied.
καὶ ἀποκαταστήσω τὸν ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς τὴν νομὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ νεμήσεται ἐν τῷ Καρμήλῳ καὶ ἐν ὄρει ᾿Εφραὶμ καὶ ἐν τῷ Γαλαὰδ καὶ πλησθήσεται ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ.
Та́кѡ бо гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь Вседержи́тель ѡ҆ столпѣ́хъ и҆ ѡ҆ ᲂу҆мыва́льницѣ, и҆ ѡ҆ подста́вахъ и҆ ѡ҆ про́чихъ сосꙋ́дѣхъ ѡ҆ста́вшихсѧ во гра́дѣ се́мъ,
19–22(Verse 19 onwards) O Lord of hosts, let the vessels that were left behind in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Judah, and in Jerusalem, and in Babylon, not come back. For thus says the Lord of hosts concerning the pillars, and concerning the sea, and concerning the bases (which are written as Mechonoth in Hebrew) and concerning the remaining vessels that are in this city, which Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, did not take when he took Jeconiah, the son of Jehoiakim, the king of Judah, from Jerusalem to Babylon, along with all the nobles of Judah and Jerusalem. Because this is what the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, says about the vessels that have been left behind in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Judah and Jerusalem: They will be carried to Babylon and there they will remain until the day of their visitation, says the Lord. And I will bring them back and restore them to this place. These things, as we have said, are not found in the Septuagint, but have been translated from the Hebrew truth: for they have added something that was not written, saying, 'Thus says the Lord to me: And the rest of the vessels that the king of Babylon did not take when he carried Jeconiah from Jerusalem to Babylon, they will enter, says the Lord,' putting more emphasis on the meaning than on the words, perhaps thinking it irrational that God would speak to columns and to the sea, and to the bases, and to the remaining vessels in Jerusalem, as if we did not read that the Lord rebuked the morning worm and spoke to the sea, saying, 'Be silent and be still.' (Jonah 4). And he says: Let them come to me, whether it be the Lord of armies (Mark 4:39), this shows that a true Prophet can resist the Lord with prayers, just as Moses stood in opposition to the Lord, in order to turn away the anger of his fury. Samuel also did the same (1 Samuel 8). And the Lord said to Moses: Let me alone, he said, that I may strike this people (Exodus 32:10). But when he says, Let me alone, he shows that he can be held back by the prayers of the saints. The prophets, he says, and whatever they predict, should demonstrate their fulfillment through their actions; and then the prophecy will be confirmed by truth. However, we read about the pillars, sea, bases, and other vessels in the book of Malachi and in the final volume of this prophet (2 Kings, chapter 25). And the vessels that were carried away to Babylon are listed, when Zedekiah was captured, the city was burned, and the temple was destroyed.
Commentary on Jeremiah
In those days, and at that time, they shall seek for the iniquity of Israel, and there shall be none; and for the sins of Juda, and they shall not be found: for I will be merciful to them that are left on the land, saith the Lord.
и҆́хже не взѧ̀ навꙋходоно́соръ ца́рь вавѷлѡ́нскїй, є҆гда̀ преселѝ і҆ехоні́ю сы́на і҆ѡакі́мова, царѧ̀ і҆ꙋ́дина, и҆з̾ і҆ерⷭ҇ли́ма въ вавѷлѡ́нъ, и҆ всѧ̑ старѣ̑йшины і҆ꙋ̑дины и҆ і҆ерⷭ҇ли̑мли.
Go up against it roughly, and against them that dwell on it: avenge, O sword, and destroy utterly, saith the Lord, and do according to all that I command thee.
Та́кѡ бо гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь Вседержи́тель бг҃ъ і҆и҃левъ ѡ҆ сосꙋ́дѣхъ ѡ҆ста́вшихсѧ въ домꙋ̀ гдⷭ҇ни и҆ въ домꙋ̀ царѧ̀ і҆ꙋ́дина и҆ во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мѣ:
A sound of war, and great destruction in the land of the Chaldeans!
φωνὴ πολέμου καὶ συντριβὴ μεγάλη ἐν γῇ Χαλδαίων.
въ вавѷлѡ́нъ принесꙋ́тсѧ и҆ та́мѡ бꙋ́дꙋтъ да́же до днѐ посѣще́нїѧ своегѡ̀, гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь: и҆ повелю̀ принестѝ ѧ҆̀ и҆ возврати́ти на мѣ́сто сїѐ.
How is the hammer of the whole earth broken and crushed! How is Babylon become a desolation among the nations!
πῶς ἐκλάσθη καὶ συνετρίβη ἡ σφῦρα πάσης τῆς γῆς; πῶς ἐγενήθη εἰς ἀφανισμὸν Βαβυλὼν ἐν ἔθνεσιν;
They shall come upon thee, and thou shalt not know it, Babylon, that thou wilt even be taken captive: thou art found and taken, because thou didst resist the Lord.
ἐπιθήσονταί σοι, καὶ ἁλώσῃ, ὦ Βαβυλών, καὶ οὐ γνώσῃ· εὑρέθης καὶ ἐλήφθης, ὅτι τῷ Κυρίῳ ἀντέστης.
The Lord has opened his treasury, and brought forth the weapons of his anger: for the Lord God has a work in the land of the Chaldeans.
ἤνοιξε Κύριος τὸν θησαυρὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐξήνεγκε τὰ σκεύη ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἔργον τῷ Κυρίῳ Θεῷ ἐν γῇ Χαλδαίων,
For her times are come: open ye her storehouses: search her as a cave, and utterly destroy her: let there be no remnant of her.
ὅτι ἐληλύθασιν οἱ καιροὶ αὐτῆς. ἀνοίξατε τὰς ἀποθήκας αὐτῆς, ἐρευνήσατε αὐτὴν ὡς σπήλαιον καὶ ἐξολοθρεύσατε αὐτήν, μὴ γενέσθω αὐτῆς κατάλειμμα.
Dry ye up all her fruits, and let them go down to the slaughter: woe to them! for their day is come, and the time of their retribution.
ἀναξηράνατε αὐτῆς πάντας τοὺς καρπούς, καὶ καταβήτωσαν εἰς σφαγήν· οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς, ὅτι ἥκει ἡ ἡμέρα αὐτῶν καὶ καιρὸς ἐκδικήσεως αὐτῶν.
A voice of men fleeing and escaping from the land of Babylon, to declare to Sion the vengeance that comes from the Lord our God.
φωνὴ φευγόντων καὶ ἀνασῳζομένων ἐκ γῆς Βαβυλῶνος τοῦ ἀναγγεῖλαι εἰς Σιὼν τὴν ἐκδίκησιν παρὰ Κυρίου Θεοῦ ἡμῶν.
Summon many against Babylon, even every one that bends the bow: camp against her round about; let no one of her people escape: render to her according to her works; according to all that she has done, do to her: for she has resisted the Lord, the Holy God of Israel.
παραγγείλατε ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα πολλοῖς, παντὶ ἐντείνοντι τόξον· παρεμβάλλετε ἐπ’ αὐτὴν κυκλόθεν, μὴ ἔστω αὐτοῖς ἀνασῳζόμενος· ἀνταπόδοτε αὐτῇ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῆς, κατὰ πάντα, ὅσα ἐποίησε, ποιήσατε αὐτῇ, ὅτι πρὸς Κύριον ἀντέστη Θεὸν ἅγιον τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ.
Therefore shall her young men fall in the streets, and all her warriors shall be cast down, saith the Lord.
:
Behold, I am against thee the haughty one, saith the Lord: for thy day is come, and the time of thy retribution.
ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπὶ σὲ τὴν ὑβρίστριαν, λέγει Κύριος, ὅτι ἥκει ἡ ἡμέρα σου καὶ ὁ καιρὸς ἐκδικήσεώς σου·
And thy pride shall fail, and fall, and there shall be no one to set it up again: and I will kindle a fire in her forest, and it shall devour all things round about her.
καὶ ἀσθενήσει ἡ ὕβρις σου καὶ πεσεῖται, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἔσται ὁ ἀνιστῶν αὐτήν· καὶ ἀνάψω πῦρ ἐν τῷ δρυμῷ αὐτῆς, καὶ καταφάγεται πάντα τὰ κύκλῳ αὐτῆς.
Thus saith the Lord; The children of Israel and the children of Juda have been oppressed: all they that have taken them captive have oppressed them together; for they would not let them go.
Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· καταδεδυνάστευνται οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ιούδα ἅμα, πάντες οἱ αἰχμαλωτεύσαντες αὐτοὺς κατεδυνάστευσαν αὐτούς, ὅτι οὐκ ἠθέλησαν ἐξαποστεῖλαι αὐτούς.
But their Redeemer is strong; the Lord Almighty is his name: he will enter into judgment with his adversaries, that he may destroy the earth;
καὶ ὁ λυτρούμενος αὐτοὺς ἰσχυρός, Κύριος παντοκράτωρ ὄνομα αὐτῷ· κρίσιν κρινεῖ πρὸς τοὺς ἀντιδίκους αὐτοῦ, ὅπως ἐξάρῃ τὴν γῆν, καὶ παροξυνεῖ τοῖς κατοικοῦσι Βαβυλῶνα.
and he will sharpen a sword against the Chaldeans, and against the inhabitants of Babylon, and upon her nobles and upon her wise men;
μάχαιραν ἐπὶ τοὺς Χαλδαίους καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Βαβυλῶνα καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς μεγιστᾶνας αὐτῆς καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς συνετοὺς αὐτῆς·
a sword upon her warriors, and they shall be weakened: a sword upon their horses, and upon their chariots:
μάχαιραν ἐπὶ τοὺς μαχητὰς αὐτῆς, καὶ παραλυθήσονται· μάχαιραν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἵππους αὐτῶν καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ἅρματα αὐτῶν·
a sword upon their warriors and upon the mixed people in the midst of her; and they shall be as women: a sword upon the treasures, and they shall be scattered
μάχαιραν ἐπὶ τοὺς μαχητὰς αὐτῶν καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν σύμμεικτον τὸν ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, καὶ ἔσονται ὡσεὶ γυναῖκες· μάχαιραν ἐπὶ τοὺς θησαυροὺς αὐτῆς, καὶ διασκορπισθήσονται.
upon her water, and they shall be ashamed: for it is a land of graven images; and in the islands, where they boasted.
ἐπὶ τῷ ὕδατι αὐτῆς ἐπεποίθει καὶ καταισχυνθήσονται, ὅτι γῆ τῶν γλυπτῶν ἐστι, καὶ ἐν ταῖς νήσοις, οὗ κατεκαυχῶντο.
Therefore shall idols dwell in the islands, and the young of monsters [*] shall dwell in it: it shall not be inhabited any more for ever.
διὰ τοῦτο κατοικήσουσιν ἰνδάλματα ἐν ταῖς νήσοις, καὶ κατοικήσουσιν ἐν αὐτῇ θυγατέρες σειρήνων· οὐ μὴ κατοικηθῇ οὐκέτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.
As God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities bordering upon them, saith the Lord: no man shall dwell there, and no son of man shall sojourn there.
καθὼς κατέστρεψεν ὁ Θεὸς Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα καὶ τὰς ὁμορούσας αὐταῖς, εἶπε Κύριος, οὐ μὴ κατοικήσει ἐκεῖ ἄνθρωπος, καὶ οὐ μὴ παροικήσει ἐκεῖ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου.
Behold, a people comes from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be stirred up from the end of the earth;
ἰδοὺ λαὸς ἔρχεται ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, καὶ ἔθνος μέγα καὶ βασιλεῖς πολλοὶ ἐξεγερθήσονται ἀπ’ ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς,
holding bow and dagger: the people is fierce, and will have no mercy: their voices shall sound as the sea, they shall ride upon horses, prepared for war, like fire, against thee, O daughter of Babylon.
τόξον καὶ ἐγχειρίδιον ἔχοντες· ἰταμός ἐστι καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐλεήσῃ· ἡ φωνὴ αὐτῶν ὡς θάλασσα ἠχήσει, ἐφ’ ἵπποις ἱππάσονται παρεσκευασμένοι, ὥσπερ πῦρ, εἰς πόλεμον πρὸς σέ, θύγατερ Βαβυλῶνος.
The king of Babylon heard the sound of them, and his hands were enfeebled: anguish overcame him, pangs as of a woman in travail.
ἤκουσε βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος τὴν ἀκοὴν αὐτῶν, καὶ παρελύθησαν αἱ χεῖρες αὐτοῦ· θλῖψις κατεκράτησεν αὐτοῦ, ὠδῖνες ὡς τικτούσης.
Behold, he shall come up as a lion from Jordan to Gaethan; for I will speedily drive them from her, and I will set all the youths against her: for who is like me? and who will resist me? and who is this shepherd who will stand before me?
ἰδοὺ ὥσπερ λέων ἀναβήσεται ἀπὸ τοῦ ᾿Ιορδάνου εἰς τόπον Αἰθάμ, ὅτι ταχέως ἐκδιώξω αὐτοὺς ἀπ’ αὐτῆς καὶ πάντα νεανίσκον ἐπ’ αὐτὴν ἐπιστήσω. ὅτι τίς ὥσπερ ἐγώ; καὶ τίς ἀντιστήσεταί μοι; καὶ τίς οὗτος ποιμήν, ὃς στήσεται κατὰ πρόσωπόν μου;
Therefore hear ye the counsel of the Lord, which he has taken against Babylon; and his devices, which he has devised upon the Chaldeans inhabiting it: surely lambs of their flock shall be destroyed: surely pasture shall be cut off from them.
διὰ τοῦτο ἀκούσατε τὴν βουλὴν Κυρίου, ἣν βεβούλευται ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα, καὶ λογισμοὺς αὐτοῦ, οὓς ἐλογίσατο ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Χαλδαίους· ἐὰν μὴ διαφθαρῇ τὰ ἀρνία τῶν προβάτων αὐτῶν, ἐὰν μὴ ἀφανισθῇ νομὴ ἀπ’ αὐτῶν.
For at the sound of the taking of Babylon the earth shall quake, and a cry shall be heard among the nations.
ὅτι ἀπὸ φωνῆς ἁλώσεως Βαβυλῶνος σεισθήσεται ἡ γῆ, καὶ κραυγὴ ἐν ἔθνεσιν ἀκουσθήσεται. * Gr. daughters of Sirens. See Job
THE WORD OF THE LORD WHICH HE SPOKE AGAINST BABYLON.
(Μασ. Ν΄ .) ΛΟΓΟΣ Κυρίου ὃν ἐλάλησεν ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα. -
Въ нача́лѣ ца́рства і҆ѡакі́ма сы́на і҆ѡсі́ина, царѧ̀ і҆ꙋ́дина, бы́сть сло́во сїѐ ко і҆еремі́и ѿ гдⷭ҇а гл҃ѧ: