Sirach (Ecclesiasticus) 23
Commentary from 6 fathers
O Lord, Father and Governor of all my whole life, leave me not to their counsels, and let me not fall by them.
ΚΥΡΙΕ, πάτερ καὶ δέσποτα ζωῆς μου, μὴ ἐγκαταλίπῃς με ἐν βουλῇ αὐτῶν, μὴ ἀφῇς με πεσεῖν ἐν αὐτοῖς.
Гдⷭ҇и ѻ҆́ч҃е и҆ влⷣко живота̀ моегѡ̀, не ѡ҆ста́ви менѐ въ совѣ́тѣ и҆́хъ и҆ не да́ждь мѝ впа́сти въ нѧ̀.
Lest mine ignorances increase, and my sins abound to my destruction, and I fall before mine adversaries, and mine enemy rejoice over me, whose hope is far from thy mercy.
ὅπως μὴ πληθύνωσιν αἱ ἄγνοιαί μου καὶ αἱ ἁμαρτίαι μου πλεονάσωσι καὶ πεσοῦμαι ἔναντι τῶν ὑπεναντίων καὶ ἐπιχαρεῖταί μοι ὁ ἐχθρός μου;
Ꙗ҆́кѡ да не ᲂу҆мно́жатсѧ невѣ̑дѣнїѧ моѧ̑ и҆ грѣсѝ моѝ премно́зи да не бꙋ́дꙋтъ, и҆ падꙋ́сѧ пред̾ сꙋпоста̑ты, и҆ пора́дꙋетмисѧ вра́гъ мо́й.
O Lord, Father and God of my life, give me not a proud look, but turn away from thy servants always a haughty mind.
Κύριε, πάτερ καὶ Θεὲ ζωῆς μου, μετεωρισμὸν ὀφθαλμῶν μὴ δῷς μοι
Гдⷭ҇и ѻ҆́ч҃е и҆ бж҃е живота̀ моегѡ̀, не да́ждь возноше́нїѧ ѻ҆чи́ма мои́ма и҆ вожделѣ́нїе ѿвратѝ ѿ менє̀.
Turn away from me vain hopes and concupiscence, and thou shalt hold him up that is desirous always to serve thee.
καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν ἀπόστρεψον ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ·
Let not the greediness of the belly nor lust of the flesh take hold of me; and give not over me thy servant into an impudent mind.
κοιλίας ὄρεξις καὶ συνουσιασμὸς μὴ καταλαβέτωσάν με, καὶ ψυχῇ ἀναιδεῖ μὴ παραδῷς με. ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ. -
Чре́ва по́хоть и҆ блꙋдодѣѧ̑нїѧ да не ѡ҆б̾и́мꙋтъ мѧ̀, и҆ безстꙋ́днѣй дꙋшѝ не преда́ждь менѐ.
Forgetful of freedom and grace and desiring the Egyptian foods, the people were found guilty of murmuring against God and against Moses. They say, “Who will give us meat to eat? We remember the fish that we ate freely in Egypt, the cucumbers, the leeks, the garlic and the onions. Now, however,” they add, “our life has dried up, and we see nothing before us but this manna.” The sweet things are rejected, the bitter desired. A grave, debilitating illness leads the soul to want to take what is harmful and to despise and reject what is useful and good for salvation. Thus they refused the manna, that is, Christ, saying, “We know that God spoke to Moses, but we do not know where this one comes from.” Christ says in reproof, “If you believed Moses, you would also believe me, because it is of me that he wrote. Indeed, I am the living bread come down from heaven.” Did they not reject the holy manna when they said to Pilate, who wanted to release Jesus, “Release not him but Barabbas”? Barabbas was a notorious thief, and by asking for his release they professed to have in a certain sense desired, from among the thief’s crimes, the leeks, the onions and the garlic, those unpleasant Egyptian foods that make one cry. To those who murmured, in fact, the divine majesty offered meats that did not restore but instead ruined those who ate them. It says in Scripture, “The natural person does not understand the things of the Spirit: every sluggard lives in concupiscence.” It is right that the spiritual person asks that the desires of his flesh be taken from him. All these things show that it is wicked to desire and to ask of God things that are harmful to the soul, and especially to ask for them with murmuring. If a soul desires to enter the promised land, it must guard itself from offending God with such a desire.
The Book of Promises and Predictions of God 2:8.14
Hear, O ye children, the discipline of the mouth: he that keepeth it shall never be taken in his lips.
Παιδείαν στόματος ἀκούσατε, τέκνα, καὶ ὁ φυλάσσων οὐ μὴ ἁλῷ.
Послꙋ́шайте, ча̑да, наказа́нїѧ ᲂу҆́стъ: хранѧ́й бо не ꙗ҆́тъ бꙋ́детъ ᲂу҆стна́ма свои́ма.
The sinner shall be left in his foolishness: both the evil speaker and the proud shall fall thereby.
ἐν τοῖς χείλεσιν αὐτοῦ καταληφθήσεται ἁμαρτωλός, καὶ λοίδορος καὶ ὑπερήφανος σκανδαλισθήσονται ἐν αὐτοῖς.
Оу҆стна́ма свои́ма ꙗ҆́тъ бꙋ́детъ грѣ́шникъ, и҆ клеветни́къ и҆ го́рдый попо́лзнетсѧ въ ни́хъ.
Accustom not thy mouth to swearing; neither use thyself to the naming of the Holy One.
ὅρκῳ μὴ ἐθίσῃς τὸ στόμα σου καὶ ὀνομασίᾳ τοῦ ἁγίου μὴ συνεθισθῇς·
Заклина́нїю не ѡ҆бꙋча́й ᲂу҆́стъ свои́хъ
Seek with the same scrupulousness to never offer oaths but to always speak the truth. As oaths are permitted to worldly people out of fear of deception, so for one leading a religious life oaths are prohibited, even when he has a clear conscience. The Lord says, “Let your speech be yes, yes, and no, no. Anything more comes from the evil one.” Do not swear even when you speak the truth, because that comes from evil. It is said that it comes from evil because the need to swear comes from a bad conscience: one constrains a person to swear when he doubts his sincerity. You who should have the simplicity of the heart on your lips, why would you spontaneously bind yourself with an oath? Do not make a habit of either swearing in the good or perjuring in the bad. Speak the truth with all your heart, and there will be no need for oaths, as we read: “Do not accustom yourself to oaths, because by swearing many have fallen.”
Letter to His Sister Florentine 29
For as a servant that is continually beaten shall not be without a blue mark: so he that sweareth and nameth God continually shall not be faultless.
ὥσπερ γὰρ οἰκέτης ἐξεταζόμενος ἐνδελεχῶς ἀπὸ μώλωπος οὐκ ἐλαττωθήσεται, οὕτως καὶ ὁ ὀμνύων καὶ ὀνομάζων διαπαντὸς ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίας οὐ μὴ καθαρισθῇ.
Ꙗ҆́коже бо ра́бъ и҆стѧзꙋ́емь ча́стѡ ѿ ра̑нъ не ᲂу҆ма́литсѧ, та́кожде и҆ клены́йсѧ и҆́менемъ ст҃ы́мъ всегда̀ ѿ грѣха̀ не ѡ҆чи́ститсѧ.
A man that useth much swearing shall be filled with iniquity, and the plague shall never depart from his house: if he shall offend, his sin shall be upon him: and if he acknowledge not his sin, he maketh a double offence: and if he swear in vain, he shall not be innocent, but his house shall be full of calamities.
ἀνὴρ πολύορκος πλησθήσεται ἀνομίας, καὶ οὐκ ἀποστήσεται ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ μάστιξ· ἐὰν πλημμελήσῃ, ἁμαρτία αὐτοῦ ἐπ᾿ αὐτῷ, κἂν ὑπερίδῃ, ἥμαρτε δισσῶς· καὶ εἰ διακενῆς ὤμοσεν, οὐ δικαιωθήσεται, πλησθήσεται γὰρ ἐπαγωγῶν ὁ οἶκος αὐτοῦ. -
Мꙋ́жъ клены́йсѧ мно́гѡ и҆спо́лнитсѧ беззако́нїѧ, и҆ не ѿстꙋ́питъ ѿ до́мꙋ є҆гѡ̀ ꙗ҆́зва:
There is a word that is clothed about with death: God grant that it be not found in the heritage of Jacob; for all such things shall be far from the godly, and they shall not wallow in their sins.
῎Εστι λέξις ἀντιπεριβεβλημένη θανάτῳ, μὴ εὑρεθήτω ἐν κληρονομίᾳ ᾿Ιακώβ· ἀπὸ γὰρ εὐσεβῶν ταῦτα πάντα ἀποστήσεται, καὶ ἐν ἁμαρτίαις οὐκ ἐγκυλισθήσονται.
Є҆́сть бесѣ́да ѡ҆блече́на сме́ртїю: да не ѡ҆брѧ́щетсѧ во наслѣ́дїи і҆а́кѡвли:
Use not thy mouth to intemperate swearing, for therein is the word of sin.
ἀπαιδευσίαν ἀσυρῆ μὴ συνεθίσῃς τὸ στόμα σου, ἔστι γὰρ ἐν αὐτῇ λόγος ἁμαρτίας.
Въ ненаказа́нїи неключи́мѣмъ не ѡ҆бꙋча́й ᲂу҆́стъ свои́хъ: є҆́сть бо въ не́мъ сло́во грѣха̀.
Remember thy father and thy mother, when thou sittest among great men. Be not forgetful before them, and so thou by thy custom become a fool, and wish that thou hadst not been born, and curse they day of thy nativity.
μνήσθητι πατρὸς καὶ μητρός σου, ἀνὰ μέσον γὰρ μεγιστάνων συνεδρεύεις· μήποτ᾿ ἐπιλάθῃ ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν καὶ τῷ ἐθισμῷ σου μωρανθῇς καὶ θελήσεις εἰ μὴ ἐγεννήθης καὶ τὴν ἡμέραν τοῦ τοκετοῦ σου καταράσῃ.
Помѧнѝ ѻ҆тца̀ твоего̀ и҆ ма́терь твою̀, посредѣ́ бо вельмо́жъ сѣди́ши:
The man that is accustomed to opprobrious words will never be reformed all the days of his life.
ἄνθρωπος συνεθιζόμενος λόγοις ὀνειδισμοῦ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτοῦ οὐ μὴ παιδευθῇ.
Человѣ́къ ѡ҆бꙋча́ѧсѧ словесє́мъ поноше́нїѧ во всѣ́хъ дне́хъ свои́хъ не наꙋчи́тсѧ.
Two sorts of men multiply sin, and the third will bring wrath: a hot mind is as a burning fire, it will never be quenched till it be consumed: a fornicator in the body of his flesh will never cease till he hath kindled a fire.
Δύο εἴδη πληθύνουσιν ἁμαρτίας, καὶ τὸ τρίτον ἐπάξει ὀργήν·
Два̀ ви̑да ᲂу҆множа́ютъ грѣхѝ и҆ тре́тїй наво́дитъ гнѣ́въ:
All bread is sweet to a whoremonger, he will not leave off till he die.
ψυχὴ θερμὴ ὡς πῦρ καιόμενον, οὐ μὴ σβεσθῇ ἕως ἂν καταποθῇ· ἄνθρωπος πόρνος ἐν σώματι σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, οὐ μὴ παύσηται ἕως ἂν ἐκκαύσῃ πῦρ· ἀνθρώπω πόρνῳ πᾶς ἄρτος ἡδύς, οὐ μὴ κοπάσῃ ἕως ἂν τελευτήσῃ.
A man that breaketh wedlock, saying thus in his heart, Who seeth me? I am compassed about with darkness, the walls cover me, and no body seeth me; what need I to fear? the most High will not remember my sins:
ἄνθρωπος παραβαίνων ἀπὸ τῆς κλίνης αὐτοῦ, λέγων ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ αὐτοῦ· τίς με ὁρᾷ; σκότος κύκλῳ μου, καὶ οἱ τοῖχοί με καλύπτουσι, καὶ οὐθείς με ὁρᾷ· τί εὐλαβοῦμαι; τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν μου οὐ μὴ μνησθήσεται ὁ ῞Υψιστος.
дꙋша̀ тепла̀, ꙗ҆́кѡ ѻ҆́гнь горѧ́щь, не ᲂу҆га́снетъ, до́ндеже поглощена̀ бꙋ́детъ:
Let us be careful about our bodies. Let us also not misuse them as though they were not our own. Let us not say, like the heretics do, that this vesture of the body does not belong to us. Instead, let us take care of it as our own, for we must give account to the Lord of all things done through the body. Do not say, No one sees me. Do not think that there is no witness of what you did. More often than not, there is no human witness, but he who made us—an unerring witness—remains faithful in heaven, and sees what you are doing. And the stains of sin also remain in the body. For as when a wound has gone deep into the body, even if there has been healing, the scar remains, so sin wounds soul and body, and the marks of its scars remain in all. And they are removed only from those who receive the washing of baptism. The past wounds therefore of soul and body God heals by baptism; against future ones let us one and all jointly guard ourselves, that we may keep this vestment of the body pure and may not, for practicing fornication and sensual indulgence or any other sin for a short season, lose the salvation of heaven but may inherit the eternal kingdom of God; of which may God, of his own grace, deem all of you worthy.
Catechetical Lecture 18:20
Therefore, let us always walk as if in the day, and let us cast off the works of darkness. For we know that night is given for the rest of the body, not for the pursuit of any task or work, which is passed in sleep and oblivion. Let there not be among us revelry, drunkenness, debauchery. Let us not say: Darkness and walls cover us, and who knows if the Most High will see? But let there be among us a love of light and a care for honesty, so that as if walking in daylight, we may desire our works to shine before God, to whom be honor, praise, and glory, perpetuity from age to age, now and forever, and for all ages of ages. Amen.
The Six Days of Creation
Such a man only feareth the eyes of men, and knoweth not that the eyes of the Lord are ten thousand times brighter than the sun, beholding all the ways of men, and considering the most secret parts.
καὶ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἀνθρώπων ὁ φόβος αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔγνω ὅτι ὀφθαλμοὶ Κυρίου μυριοπλασίως ἡλίου φωτεινότεροι, ἐπιβλέποντες πάσας ὁδοὺς ἀνθρώπων καὶ κατανοοῦντες εἰς ἀπόκρυφα μέρη.
Человѣ́къ престꙋпа́ѧй ло́же своѐ, глаго́лѧ въ дꙋшѝ свое́й: кто̀ мѧ̀ ви́дитъ;
He knew all things ere ever they were created; so also after they were perfected he looked upon them all.
πρὶν ἢ κτισθῆναι τὰ πάντα, ἔγνωσται αὐτῷ, οὕτως καὶ μετὰ τὸ συντελεσθῆναι.
И҆ ѻ҆́чи человѣ́честїи стра́хъ є҆гѡ̀:
This man shall be punished in the streets of the city, and where he suspecteth not he shall be taken.
οὗτος ἐν πλατείαις πόλεως ἐκδικηθήσεται, καὶ οὗ οὐχ ὑπενόησεν πιασθήσεται. -
прозира́ющїи всѧ̑ пꙋти̑ человѣ́чєскїѧ и҆ разсматрѧ́ющїи въ та́йныхъ мѣ́стѣхъ:
Thus shall it go also with the wife that leaveth her husband, and bringeth in an heir by another.
Οὕτως καὶ γυνὴ καταλιποῦσα τὸν ἄνδρα καὶ παριστῶσα κληρονόμον ἐξ ἀλλοτρίου·
пре́жде не́же создана̑ бы́ша, всѧ̑ ᲂу҆вѣ̑дѣна є҆мꙋ̀, та́кожде и҆ по сконча́нїи.
The divine judgment condemns the adultery of both the husband and the wife in the same way, and the fruit of such unions is not pleasing to the Lord, nor can what has clearly been born of the contamination of sin please him. According to allegorical interpretation, the assembly of the heretics, or any soul that is deceived by heretical perversity, ceases to please God, since she has abandoned her first husband, the guide of her youth, who had united her to himself in the sacred bond of baptism and adorned her with the beauty of virtue. Ezekiel wrote very clearly on this: “She has united with another man,” that is, with the devil, “who has contaminated her with various errors, making her completely guilty.”
On Ecclesiasticus 10:11
For first, she hath disobeyed the law of the most High; and secondly, she hath trespassed against her own husband; and thirdly, she hath played the whore in adultery, and brought children by another man.
πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ ἐν νόμῳ ῾Υψίστου ἠπείθησε, καὶ δεύτερον εἰς ἄνδρα ἑαυτῆς ἐπλημμέλησε, καὶ τὸ τρίτον ἐν πορνείᾳ ἐμοιχεύθη, ἐξ ἀλλοτρίου ἀνδρὸς τέκνα παρέστησεν.
Се́й на пꙋте́хъ гра́да ѿмще́нъ бꙋ́детъ, и҆ и҆дѣ́же не надѣ́ѧшесѧ, ꙗ҆́тъ бꙋ́детъ.
She shall be brought out into the congregation, and inquisition shall be made of her children.
αὕτη εἰς ἐκκλησίαν ἐξαχθήσεται, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς ἐπισκοπὴ ἔσται.
пе́рвое бо ѿ зако́на вы́шнѧгѡ ѿстꙋпѝ, и҆ второ́е мꙋ́жꙋ своемꙋ̀ согрѣшѝ, и҆ тре́тїе блꙋдо́мъ прелюбодѣ́йствова, ѿ чꙋжда́гѡ мꙋ́жа ча̑да сотворѝ:
Her children shall not take root, and her branches shall bring forth no fruit.
οὐ διαδώσουσι τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς εἰς ῥίζαν, καὶ οἱ κλάδοι αὐτῆς οὐ δώσουσι καρπόν.
сїѧ̀ пред̾ собо́ръ и҆зведе́на бꙋ́детъ, и҆ на ча́дѣхъ є҆ѧ̀ посѣще́нїе бꙋ́детъ:
She shall leave her memory to be cursed, and her reproach shall not be blotted out.
καταλείψει εἰς κατάραν τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς, καὶ τὸ ὄνειδος αὐτῆς οὐκ ἐξαλειφθήσεται.
не ᲂу҆коренѧ́тсѧ ча̑да є҆ѧ̀ въ ко́рень, и҆ вѣ̑тви є҆ѧ̀ не сотворѧ́тъ плода̀:
And they that remain shall know that there is nothing better than the fear of the Lord, and that there is nothing sweeter than to take heed unto the commandments of the Lord.
καὶ ἐπιγνώσονται οἱ καταλειφθέντες ὅτι οὐθὲν κρεῖττον φόβου Κυρίου καὶ οὐθὲν γλυκύτερον τοῦ προσέχειν ἐντολαῖς Κυρίου.
и҆ ѡ҆ста́витъ на клѧ́твꙋ па́мѧть свою̀, и҆ поноше́нїе є҆ѧ̀ не потреби́тсѧ.
Who will set scourges over my thoughts, and the discipline of wisdom over mine heart? that they spare me not for mine ignorances, and it pass not by my sins:
τίς ἐπιστήσει ἐπὶ τοῦ διανοήματός μου μάστιγας καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς καρδίας μου παιδείαν σοφίας, ἵνα ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγνοήμασί μου μὴ φείσωνται καὶ οὐ μὴ παρῇ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα αὐτῶν,
Кто̀ возложи́тъ на помышле́нїе моѐ ра̑ны и҆ на се́рдце моѐ наказа́нїе премꙋ́дрости, да ѡ҆ неразꙋ́мїихъ мои́хъ не пощадѧ́тъ, и҆ да не пре́йдꙋтъ грѣсѝ и҆́хъ;