Leviticus 10
Commentary from 4 fathers
and fire came forth from the Lord, and devoured them, and they died before the Lord.
καὶ ἐξῆλθε πῦρ παρὰ Κυρίου καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτούς, καὶ ἀπέθανον ἔναντι Κυρίου.
И҆ и҆зы́де ѻ҆́гнь ѿ гдⷭ҇а, и҆ поѧдѐ ѧ҆̀, и҆ ᲂу҆мро́ста пред̾ гдⷭ҇емъ.
And that He might increase in them this fear, immediately, by the mouth of offence, the rod of His chastisement was revealed, and after the offence the Chastiser gave them no respite, because their servitude was not worthy of His longsuffering. Above their head the rod of justice hung continually, and immediately they committed sin they were chastened, and at the time of their offence they were beaten, and at the entrance of the path of their sins they forthwith received rebuke; for longsuffering teacheth the foolish servant contempt, and in order that that stupid nation, which in the manner of an evil-doing servant, sat in the house of God, might not [learn] contempt, the Chastiser took away longsuffering, especially when they went forth from Egypt. And we must also understand the object of that swift punishment in another way, and that there was not longsuffering as regardeth the correction of their sins; for God the Teacher took the people, like a child, from Egypt their nurse, that He might deliver unto them the doctrine of His knowledge, and might teach them the instruction of His wisdom. But the people, in their ignorance, when instruction had been delivered unto them, forgot it, and they never kept in remembrance the meditation of the commandments of God, and they were frequently punished with severity, so that, if it were only through fear of chastisement, they might lay hold upon the remembrance of instruction. The man who gathered sticks on the Sabbath day was stoned by all the congregation; and the earth opened and swallowed up others who were called by Moses, and who scorned him and came not; and fire went forth suddenly, and burnt up the bodies of others who thought lightly of his priestly office, and who sought honour for themselves; and others, who in the guise of paying honour, brought strange fire out of season, were burnt up by a tongue of fire which went forth from the tabernacle, and they perished; and others, because they asked for flesh and rejected the bread of angels, were tortured by the indigestion which came upon them; and others who went astray as concerning the calf, were pierced through by the swords of the Levites; and others, who were the cause of the revolt at the waters of trial were set apart for destruction; and others who murmured against the Lord perished by fiendish snakes; and likewise they all, because they strove against going into the land of promise, came to an end and were destroyed in the wilderness. To these offences, then, these punishments were united, and together with each act of wickedness a punishment straightway sprang up by its side, so that evil deeds might be suppressed by stripes, and sins by vengeance, and so that the people might be like a child who feareth the teacher who giveth him instruction, and that it might tremble before the Judge who would beat them like a wrongdoing slave.
13 Ascetic Discourses, Discourse 7 -- Second Discourse on the Fear of GodAnd Moses said to Aaron, This is the thing which the Lord spoke, saying, I will be sanctified among them that draw nigh to me, and I will be glorified in the whole congregation; and Aaron was pricked [in his heart].
καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς πρὸς ᾿Ααρών· τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὃ εἶπε Κύριος λέγων· ἐν τοῖς ἐγγίζουσί μοι ἁγιασθήσομαι καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ συναγωγῇ δοξασθήσομαι. καὶ κατενύχθη ᾿Ααρών.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й ко а҆арѡ́нꙋ: сїѐ є҆́сть, є҆́же речѐ гдⷭ҇ь, гл҃ѧ: въ приближа́ющихсѧ мнѣ̀ ѡ҆сщ҃ꙋ́сѧ и҆ во все́мъ со́нмѣ просла́влюсѧ. И҆ ᲂу҆мили́сѧ а҆арѡ́нъ.
And Moses called Misadae, and Elisaphan, sons of Oziel, sons of the brother of Aaron’s father, and said to them, Draw near and take your brethren from before the sanctuary out of the camp.
καὶ ἐκάλεσε Μωυσῆς τὸν Μισαδάη καὶ τὸν ᾿Ελισαφάν, υἱοὺς ᾿Οζιήλ, υἱοὺς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ πατρὸς ᾿Ααρών, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· προσέλθατε καὶ ἄρατε τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ὑμῶν ἐκ προσώπου τῶν ἁγίων ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς.
И҆ призва̀ мѡѷсе́й мїсаи́ла и҆ є҆лїсафа́на, сы́ны ѻ҆зїи́лєвы, сы́ны бра́та ѻ҆тца̀ а҆арѡ́нѧ, и҆ речѐ и҆̀мъ: пристꙋпи́те и҆ возми́те бра́тїй свои́хъ ѿ лица̀ ст҃ы́хъ внѣ̀ полка̀.
And they came near and took them in their coats out of the camp, as Moses said.
καὶ προσῆλθον καὶ ᾖραν αὐτοὺς ἐν τοῖς χιτῶσιν αὐτῶν ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς, ὃν τρόπον εἶπε Μωυσῆς.
И҆ пристꙋпи́ша, и҆ взѧ́ша и҆̀хъ въ ри́захъ и҆́хъ, (и҆ и҆знесо́ша) внѣ̀ полка̀, ꙗ҆́коже речѐ мѡѷсе́й.
And Moses said to Aaron, and Eleazar and Ithamar his sons that were left, Ye shall not make bare your heads, and ye shall not tear your garments; that ye die not, and [so] there should be wrath on all the congregation: but your brethren, [even] all the house of Israel, shall lament for the burning, with which they were burnt by the Lord.
καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς πρὸς ᾿Ααρὼν καὶ ᾿Ελεάζαρ καὶ ᾿Ιθάμαρ τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτοῦ τοὺς καταλελειμμένους· τὴν κεφαλὴν ὑμῶν οὐκ ἀποκιδαρώσετε καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια ὑμῶν οὐ διαρρήξετε, ἵνα μὴ ἀποθάνητε, καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν συναγωγὴν ἔσται θυμός· οἱ δὲ ἀδελφοὶ ὑμῶν πᾶς ὁ οἶκος ᾿Ισραὴλ κλαύσονται τὸν ἐμπυρισμόν, ὃν ἐνεπυρίσθησαν ὑπὸ Κυρίου.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й ко а҆арѡ́нꙋ и҆ є҆леаза́рꙋ и҆ і҆ѳама́рꙋ, сынѡ́мъ є҆гѡ̀ ѡ҆ста́вшымсѧ: гла́въ ва́шихъ не ѿкрыва́йте и҆ ри́зъ ва́шихъ не раздира́йте, да не ᲂу҆́мрете, и҆ на ве́сь со́нмъ бꙋ́детъ гнѣ́въ: бра́тїѧ же ва́шѧ ве́сь до́мъ і҆и҃левъ да пла́чꙋтсѧ запале́нїѧ, и҆́мже запали́шасѧ ѿ гдⷭ҇а:
And ye shall not go forth from the door of the tabernacle of witness, that ye die not; for the Lord’s anointing oil [is] upon you: and they did according to the word of Moses.
καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου οὐκ ἐξελεύσεσθε, ἵνα μὴ ἀποθάνητε· τὸ ἔλαιον γὰρ τῆς χρίσεως τὸ παρὰ Κυρίου ἐφ᾿ ὑμῖν. καὶ ἐποίησαν κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμα Μωυσῆ.
и҆ и҆з̾ две́рїй ски́нїи свидѣ́нїѧ не и҆сходи́те, да не ᲂу҆́мрете: є҆ле́й бо пома́занїѧ, и҆́же ѿ гдⷭ҇а, на ва́съ є҆́сть. И҆ сотвори́ша по словесѝ мѡѷсе́овꙋ.
And the Lord spoke to Aaron, saying,
Καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος τῷ ᾿Ααρών, λέγων·
И҆ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь ко а҆арѡ́нꙋ, гл҃ѧ:
Ye shall not drink wine nor strong drink, thou and thy sons with thee, whensoever ye enter into the tabernacle of witness, or when ye approach the altar, so shall ye not die; [it is] a perpetual statute for your generations,
οἶνον καὶ σίκερα οὐ πίεσθε, σὺ καὶ οἱ υἱοί σου μετὰ σοῦ, ἡνίκα ἐὰν εἰσπορεύησθε εἰς τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου, ἢ προσπορευομένων ὑμῶν πρὸς τὸ θυσιαστήριον, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀποθάνητε (νόμιμον αἰώνιον εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν)
вїна̀ и҆ сїке́ра не пі́йте, ты̀ и҆ сы́нове твоѝ съ тобо́ю, є҆гда̀ вхо́дите въ ски́нїю свидѣ́нїѧ, и҆лѝ пристꙋпа́ющымъ ва́мъ ко ѻ҆лтарю̀, да не ᲂу҆́мрете: (и҆ бꙋ́детъ сїѐ) зако́ннѡ вѣ́чнѡ въ ро́ды ва́шѧ:
Priests given to wine are both condemned by the apostle and forbidden by the old law. Those who serve the altar, we are told, must drink neither wine nor shechar. Now every intoxicating drink is in Hebrew called shechar, whether it is made of corn or of the juice of apples, whether you distil from the honeycomb a rude kind of mead or make a liquor by squeezing dates or strain a thick syrup from a decoction of corn. Whatever intoxicates and disturbs the balance of the mind avoid as you would wine.
LETTER 52.11to distinguish between sacred and profane, and between clean and unclean,
διαστεῖλαι ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ἁγίων καὶ τῶν βεβήλων, καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ἀκαθάρτων καὶ τῶν καθαρῶν.
ѿлꙋчи́ти междꙋ̀ вещмѝ ст҃ы́ми и҆ междꙋ̀ скверна́выми, и҆ междꙋ̀ нечи́стыми и҆ междꙋ̀ чи́стыми,
and to teach the children of Israel all the statutes, which the Lord spoke to them by Moses.
καὶ συμβιβάσεις τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἅπαντα τὰ νόμιμα, ἃ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς αὐτοὺς διὰ χειρὸς Μωυσῆ.
и҆ ᲂу҆стро́ити сынѡ́мъ і҆и҃лєвымъ всѧ̑ закѡ́ннаѧ, ꙗ҆̀же гл҃а гдⷭ҇ь къ ни̑мъ рꙋко́ю мѡѷсе́овою.
And Moses said to Aaron, and to Eleazar and Ithamar, the sons of Aaron who survived, Take the sacrifice that is left of the burnt-offerings of the Lord, and ye shall eat unleavened bread by the altar: it is most holy.
Καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς πρὸς ᾿Ααρὼν καὶ πρὸς ᾿Ελεάζαρ καὶ ᾿Ιθάμαρ τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ααρὼν τοὺς καταλειφθέντας· λάβετε τὴν θυσίαν τὴν καταλειφθεῖσαν ἀπὸ τῶν καρπωμάτων Κυρίου, καὶ φάγεσθε ἄζυμα παρὰ τὸ θυσιαστήριον· ἅγια ἁγίων ἐστί.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й ко а҆арѡ́нꙋ, и҆ є҆леаза́рꙋ и҆ і҆ѳама́рꙋ, сынѡ́мъ є҆гѡ̀ ѡ҆ста́вшымсѧ: возми́те же́ртвꙋ ѡ҆ста́вшꙋюсѧ ѿ прино́сѡвъ гдⷭ҇нихъ и҆ ꙗ҆ди́те ѡ҆прѣсно́ки ᲂу҆ ѻ҆лтарѧ̀: ꙗ҆́кѡ ст҃а̑ѧ ст҃ы́хъ сꙋ́ть:
And ye shall eat it in the holy place; for this is a statute for thee and a statute for thy sons, of the burnt-offerings to the Lord; for so it has been commanded me.
καὶ φάγεσθε αὐτὴν ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ· νόμιμον γάρ σοί ἐστι, καὶ νόμιμον τοῖς υἱοῖς σου τοῦτο ἀπὸ τῶν καρπωμάτων Κυρίου· οὕτω γὰρ ἐντέταλταί μοι.
и҆ ꙗ҆ди́те ѧ҆̀ на мѣ́стѣ свѧ́тѣ: зако́нно бо тебѣ̀ є҆́сть, и҆ зако́нно сынѡ́мъ твои̑мъ сїѐ ѿ прино́сѡвъ гдⷭ҇нихъ: си́це бо мѝ заповѣ́да гдⷭ҇ь:
And ye shall eat the breast of separation, and the shoulder of the choice-offering in the holy place, thou and thy sons and thy house with thee; for it has been given as an ordinance for thee and an ordinance for thy sons, of the sacrifices of peace-offering of the children of Israel.
καὶ τὸ στηθύνιον τοῦ ἀφορίσματος καὶ τὸν βραχίονα τοῦ ἀφαιρέματος φάγεσθε ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ, σὺ καὶ οἱ υἱοί σου καὶ ὁ οἶκός σου μετὰ σοῦ· νόμιμον γὰρ σοὶ καὶ νόμιμον τοῖς υἱοῖς σου ἐδόθη ἀπὸ τῶν θυσιῶν τοῦ σωτηρίου τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ.
и҆ грꙋ̑ди ᲂу҆ча́стїѧ и҆ ра́мо ᲂу҆ча́стїѧ ꙗ҆ди́те на мѣ́стѣ свѧ́тѣ ты̀ и҆ сы́нове твоѝ, и҆ до́мъ тво́й съ тобо́ю: зако́ннѡ бо тебѣ̀, и҆ зако́ннѡ сынѡ́мъ твои̑мъ даде́сѧ ѿ же́ртвъ спасе́нїи сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ:
They shall bring the shoulder of the choice-offering, and the breast of the separation upon the burnt-offerings of the fat, to separate for a separation before the Lord; and it shall be a perpetual ordinance for thee and thy sons and thy daughters with thee, as the Lord commanded Moses.
τὸν βραχίονα τοῦ ἀφαιρέματος καὶ τὸ στηθύνιον τοῦ ἀφορίσματος ἐπὶ τῶν καρπωμάτων τῶν στεάτων προσοίσουσιν, ἀφόρισμα ἀφορίσαι ἔναντι Κυρίου· καὶ ἔσται σοι καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς σου καὶ ταῖς θυγατράσι σου μετὰ σοῦ νόμιμον αἰώνιον, ὃν τρόπον συνέταξε Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ.
ра́мо ᲂу҆ча́стїѧ и҆ грꙋ̑ди ᲂу҆ча́стїѧ въ прино́сѣхъ тꙋ́чныхъ да принесꙋ́тъ, ᲂу҆ча́стїе є҆́же приноси́ти пред̾ гдⷭ҇а: и҆ да бꙋ́детъ тебѣ̀ и҆ сынѡ́мъ твои̑мъ и҆ дще́ремъ твои̑мъ съ тобо́ю зако́ннѡ вѣ́чнѡ, ꙗ҆́коже повелѣ̀ гдⷭ҇ь мѡѷсе́ю.
And Moses diligently sought the goat of the sin-offering, but it had been consumed by fire; and Moses was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar the sons of Aaron that were left, saying,
Καὶ τὸν χίμαρον τὸν περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ζητῶν ἐξεζήτησε Μωυσῆς. καὶ ὅδε ἐνεπεπύριστο· καὶ ἐθυμώθη Μωυσῆς ἐπὶ ᾿Ελεάζαρ καὶ ᾿Ιθάμαρ τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ααρὼν τοὺς καταλελειμμένους, λέγων·
И҆ козла̀, и҆́же грѣха̀ ра́ди, взыскꙋ́ѧ взыска̀ мѡѷсе́й: и҆ се́й сожже́нъ бѧ́ше. И҆ разгнѣ́васѧ мѡѷсе́й на є҆леаза́ра и҆ і҆ѳама́ра, сы́ны а҆арѡ̑ни ѡ҆ста́вльшыѧсѧ, глаго́лѧ:
Why did ye not eat the sin-offering in the holy place? for because it is most holy he has given you this to eat, that ye might take away the sin of the congregation, and make atonement for them before the Lord.
διατί οὐκ ἐφάγετε τὸ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ; ὅτι γὰρ ἅγια ἁγίων ἐστί, τοῦτο ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν φαγεῖν, ἵνα ἀφέλητε τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ ἐξιλάσησθε περὶ αὐτῶν ἔναντι Κυρίου·
почто̀ не снѣдо́сте на мѣ́стѣ свѧ́тѣ, є҆́же грѣха̀ ра́ди; ꙗ҆́кѡ ст҃а̑ѧ ст҃ы́хъ сꙋ́ть, сїѐ дадѐ ва́мъ ꙗ҆́сти, да ѿи́мете грѣ́хъ со́нма и҆ помо́литесѧ ѡ҆ ни́хъ пред̾ гдⷭ҇емъ:
For the blood of it was not brought into the holy place: ye shall eat it within, before [the Lord], as the Lord commanded me.
οὐ γὰρ εἰσήχθη τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἅγιον· κατὰ πρόσωπον ἔσω φάγεσθε αὐτὸ ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ, ὃν τρόπον μοι συνέταξε Κύριος.
не внесе́сѧ бо ѿ кро́ве є҆гѡ̀ въ ст҃о́е: пред̾ лице́мъ внꙋ́трь да ꙗ҆́сте є҆̀ на мѣ́стѣ свѧ́тѣ, ꙗ҆́коже повелѣ̀ мнѣ̀ гдⷭ҇ь.
And Aaron spoke to Moses, saying, If they have brought nigh to-day their sin-offerings, and their whole-burnt-offerings before the Lord, and these events have happened to me, and [yet] I should eat to-day of the sin-offerings, would it be pleasing to the Lord?
καὶ ἐλάλησεν ᾿Ααρὼν πρὸς Μωυσῆν, λέγων· εἰ σήμερον προσαγηόχασι τὰ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ ὁλοκαυτώματα αὐτῶν ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ συμβέβηκέ μοι τοιαῦτα· καὶ φάγομαι τὰ περί τῆς ἁμαρτίας σήμερον, μὴ ἀρεστὸν ἔσται Κυρίῳ;
И҆ речѐ а҆арѡ́нъ къ мѡѷсе́ю, глаго́лѧ: а҆́ще дне́сь принесо́ша ꙗ҆̀же грѣха̀ ра́ди своегѡ̀ и҆ всесожже́нїѧ своегѡ̀ пред̾ гдⷭ҇а, и҆ слꙋчи́шасѧ мнѣ̀ сицева̑ѧ, и҆ снѣ́мъ, ꙗ҆̀же грѣха̀ ра́ди, дне́сь, є҆да̀ ᲂу҆го́дно бꙋ́детъ гдⷭ҇ꙋ;
And Moses heard [it], and it pleased him.
καὶ ἤκουσε Μωυσῆς, καὶ ἤρεσεν αὐτῷ.
И҆ слы́ша мѡѷсе́й, и҆ ᲂу҆го́дно є҆мꙋ̀ бы́сть.
And the two sons of Aaron, Nadab and Abiud, took each his censer, and put fire therein, and threw incense thereon, and offered strange fire before the Lord, which the Lord did not command them,
Καὶ λαβόντες οἱ δύο υἱοὶ ᾿Ααρὼν Ναδὰβ καὶ ᾿Αβιοὺδ ἕκαστος τὸ πυρεῖον αὐτοῦ ἐπέθηκαν ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ πῦρ καὶ ἐπέβαλον ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ θυμίαμα καὶ προσήνεγκαν ἔναντι Κυρίου πῦρ ἀλλότριον, ὃ οὐ προσέταξε Κύριος αὐτοῖς.
И҆ взе́мше два̀ сы̑на а҆арѡ̑нѧ, нада́въ и҆ а҆вїꙋ́дъ, кі́йждо свою̀ кади́льницꙋ, вложи́ста въ нѧ̀ ѻ҆́гнь и҆ возложи́ста на́нь ѳѷмїа́мъ, и҆ принесо́ста пред̾ гдⷭ҇а ѻ҆́гнь чꙋ́ждь, є҆гѡ́же не повелѣ̀ и҆́ма гдⷭ҇ь.
This is not far from being a sign of our unhappy time, in which some who have attained positions as priests and teachers—merely to mention it is both distressing and sad enough—are consumed by the fire of heavenly vengeance because they prefer the fire of cupidity to the fire of heavenly love. Their eternal damnation was prefigured by the temporal death of Aaron's sons.
On the Tabernacle 3.2The sons of Aaron also, who set upon the altar a strange fire not commanded by the Lord, were at once blotted out in the sight of the avenging Lord. These examples, you will see, are being followed wherever the tradition which comes from God is despised by lovers of strange doctrine and replaced by teaching of merely human authority.
Treatise I. On the Unity of the Church 18-19Nor do we propose this, dearest brother, without the authority of divine Scripture, when we say that all things are arranged by divine direction by a certain law and by special ordinance, and that none can usurp to himself, in opposition to the bishops and priests, anything which is not of his own right and power. For Korah, Dathan, and Abiram endeavoured to usurp, in opposition to Moses and Aaron the priest, the power of sacrificing; and they did not do without punishment what they unlawfully dared. The sons of Aaron also, who placed strange fire upon the altar, were at once consumed in the sight of an angry Lord; which punishment remains to those who introduce strange water by a false baptism, that the divine vengeance may avenge and chastise when heretics do that in opposition to the Church, which the Church alone is allowed to do.
Epistle LXXII.8