Genesis 39
Commentary from 6 fathers
AND Joseph was brought down to Egypt; and Petephres the eunuch of Pharao, the captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him of the hands of the Ismaelites, who brought him down thither.
ΙΩΣΗΦ δὲ κατήχθη εἰς Αἴγυπτον, καὶ ἐκτήσατο αὐτὸν Πετεφρὴς ὁ εὐνοῦχος Φαραώ, ὁ ἀρχιμάγειρος, ἀνὴρ Αἰγύπτιος, ἐκ χειρῶν τῶν ᾿Ισμαηλιτῶν, οἳ κατήγαγον αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ.
І҆ѡ́сифъ же приведе́нъ бы́сть во є҆гѵ́петъ. И҆ кꙋпѝ є҆го̀ пентефрі́й є҆ѵнꙋ́хъ фараѡ́новъ а҆рхїмагі́ръ, мꙋ́жъ є҆гѵ́птѧнинъ, ѿ рꙋ́къ і҆сма́ильтѧнъ, и҆̀же приведо́ша є҆го̀ та́мѡ.
And his master knew that the Lord was with him, and the Lord prospers in his hands whatsoever he happens to do.
ᾔδει δὲ ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ὁ Κύριος ἦν μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ καὶ ὅσα ἐὰν ποιῇ, Κύριος εὐοδοῖ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ.
Вѣ́дѧше же господи́нъ є҆гѡ̀, ꙗ҆́кѡ гдⷭ҇ь бѣ̀ съ ни́мъ, и҆ є҆ли̑ка твори́тъ, гдⷭ҇ь благоꙋстроѧ́етъ въ рꙋкꙋ̀ є҆гѡ̀.
And Joseph found grace in the presence of his lord, and was well-pleasing to him; and he set him over his house, and all that he had he gave into the hand of Joseph.
καὶ εὗρεν ᾿Ιωσὴφ χάριν ἐναντίον τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ, καὶ εὐηρέστησεν αὐτῷ, καὶ κατέστησεν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ καὶ πάντα, ὅσα ἦν αὐτῷ, ἔδωκε διὰ χειρὸς ᾿Ιωσήφ.
И҆ ѡ҆брѣ́те і҆ѡ́сифъ благода́ть пред̾ господи́номъ свои́мъ и҆ благоꙋгодѝ є҆мꙋ̀: и҆ поста́ви є҆го̀ над̾ до́момъ свои́мъ, и҆ всѧ̑, є҆ли̑ка бы́ша є҆мꙋ̀, дадѐ въ рꙋ́ки і҆ѡ́сифѡвы.
Then the loving God, though wanting to make Joseph feel completely secure, did not release him from slavery or set him at liberty. This, after all, is ever God’s way, not to free virtuous people from dangers or preserve them from trials but, in the midst of such trials, to give evidence of his characteristic grace to such an extent that the very trials prove an occasion of festivity for them. Hence blessed David also said, “In my distress you gave me room to move”; “you did not take away the distress,” he is saying, “or free me from it and make me be completely at ease, but, what is quite remarkable, you brought me peace though I was in fact still in distress.” This is exactly what the loving Lord does in this case: “He blessed the house of the Egyptian in Joseph.” Even the barbarian now learned that the man thought to be a slave was particularly close to God. “He turned over all his possessions into Joseph’s keeping,” the text says, “and had no care for anything except the food he ate.” It was as if he had appointed him master of his whole household. The slave, the captive, held in his care all his master’s possessions. This is what virtue is like: wherever it appears, it prevails over all things and controls them. You see, just as darkness is driven out with the rising sun, so too in this case every evil is absent with the approach of virtue.
Homilies on Genesis 62.15
And it came to pass after that he was set over his house, and over all that he had, that the Lord blessed the house of the Egyptian for Joseph's sake; and the blessing of the Lord was on all his possessions in the house, and in his field.
ἐγένετο δὲ μετὰ τὸ καταστῆναι αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα, ὅσα ἦν αὐτῷ, καὶ ηὐλόγησε Κύριος τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Αἰγυπτίου διὰ ᾿Ιωσήφ, καὶ ἐγενήθη εὐλογία Κυρίου ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὑπάρχουσιν αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ καὶ ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ.
Бы́сть же є҆гда̀ поста́ви є҆го̀ над̾ до́момъ свои́мъ и҆ над̾ всѣ́ми, є҆ли̑ка и҆мѣ́ѧше, и҆ блгⷭ҇вѝ гдⷭ҇ь до́мъ є҆гѵ́птѧнина і҆ѡ́сифа ра́ди: и҆ бы́сть блгⷭ҇ве́нїе гдⷭ҇не на все́мъ и҆мѣ́нїи є҆гѡ̀ въ домꙋ̀ и҆ въ се́лѣхъ є҆гѡ̀.
And he committed all that he had into the hands of Joseph; and he knew not of anything that belonged to him, save the bread which he himself ate. And Joseph was handsome in form, and exceedingly beautiful in countenance.
καὶ ἐπέτρεψε πάντα, ὅσα ἦν αὐτῷ, εἰς χεῖρας ᾿Ιωσὴφ καὶ οὐκ ᾔδει τῶν καθ᾿ αὑτὸν οὐδὲν πλὴν τοῦ ἄρτου, οὗ ἤσθιεν αὐτός. Καὶ ἦν ᾿Ιωσὴφ καλὸς τῷ εἴδει καὶ ὡραῖος τῇ ὄψει σφόδρα.
И҆ предадѐ всѧ̑, є҆ли̑ка бы́ша є҆мꙋ̀, въ рꙋ́ки і҆ѡ́сифѡвы: и҆ не вѣ́дѧше ѿ сꙋ́щихъ ᲂу҆ себє̀ ничто́же, кромѣ̀ хлѣ́ба, є҆го́же ꙗ҆дѧ́ше са́мъ: и҆ бѧ́ше і҆ѡ́сифъ до́бръ ѡ҆́бразомъ и҆ красе́нъ взо́ромъ ѕѣлѡ̀.
This holy Joseph, about whom your charity has heard in this reading, was beautiful in his body but even more beautiful in his soul, because he was chaste in his body and had a chaste soul. The beauty of his body shone in him, but that of his character even more so. Therefore, even though for many people the beauty of the body is usually an obstacle to salvation, it could do no harm to our saint, because the beauty of his character ruled that of his body. So the soul must subdue the flesh, and not the flesh the soul, because the soul is the master of the flesh, and the flesh is the servant of the soul. Woe to the soul that is dominated by flesh and is changed from master to servant by neglecting the faith in the Lord and by submitting to the slavery of sin. But the soul of the patriarch Joseph securely preserved its power, and the flesh could not dominate it at all.
Sermon 24.2
That wicked beast the devil, however, seeing the good man’s standing and the fact that he emerged even more conspicuous from those very things thought to be adversities, gnashed his teeth and fell into a rage. He could not bear to see the good man becoming so much more commendable as each day passed. He dug a deep pit for him and prepared what he thought was a mighty precipice that would bring him to his ruin and a terrible storm capable of causing him shipwreck. But the devil discovered before long that he was wasting his time and only heaping coals on his own head. “Joseph cut a fine figure and was good-looking,” the text says. Why does it describe to us his physical charm? For us to learn that he was striking not only for charm of soul but also for his person. After all, Joseph was in the bloom of youth, “cut a fine figure and was good-looking.” Sacred Scripture tells us this about him in advance so as to teach us that the Egyptian woman was under the spell of the young man’s beauty in inviting him to that illicit association.
Homilies on Genesis 62.16
However, let us now come to holy Joseph, so that we may be fed with the example of his chastity and purity as with a sort of heavenly food. This holy Joseph, then, of whom your charity heard in the present lesson, was handsome in body but more splendid in mind, because he was chaste in body and virtuous in mind. Bodily beauty shone in him, but even more so shone the beauty of his soul. Now although physical beauty is apt to be a hindrance to salvation for many men, it could not harm this holy man because the beauty of his soul governed the splendor of his body. Thus the soul should rule the body, not the body the soul, for the soul is the mistress of the body while the body is the handmaid of the soul. Therefore unhappy is the soul that is dominated by the body and makes a mistress out of a servant. Truly the soul that is subject to vices of the flesh becomes the servant of the body, because it loses the faith of its Lord and endures the slavery of sin. The soul of the patriarch Joseph, however, faithfully kept its power, for the flesh could in no way dominate it. Indeed, when asked by his mistress, an unchaste woman, to lie with her, he refused consent because even in his position as a slave he had not lost the dominion of his soul. As a result of this, he was attacked by false accusations and thrown into prison, but the holy man considered that prison a palace, or rather he himself was a palace within the prison. For where there is faith, chastity, and purity, there is the palace of Christ, the temple of God, the dwelling of the Holy Spirit. Therefore if any man flatters himself because of the splendor of his body, or if any woman boasts about the beauty of hers, they should follow the example of Joseph and that of Susanna. Let them be chaste in body and pure in mind. Then they will be beautiful not only to people but also to God.
Sermon 93.2
And it came to pass after these things, that his master's wife cast her eyes upon Joseph, and said, Lie with me.
καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ τὰ ρήματα ταῦτα καὶ ἐπέβαλεν ἡ γυνὴ τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῆς ἐπὶ ᾿Ιωσὴφ καὶ εἶπε· κοιμήθητι μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ.
И҆ бы́сть по словесѣ́хъ си́хъ, и҆ возложѝ жена̀ господи́на є҆гѡ̀ ѻ҆́чи своѧ̑ на і҆ѡ́сифа и҆ речѐ: пребꙋ́ди со мно́ю.
But he would not; but said to his master's wife, If because of me my master knows nothing in his house, and has given into my hands all things that belong to him:
ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἤθελεν, εἶπε δὲ τῇ γυναικὶ τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ· εἰ ὁ κύριός μου οὐ γινώσκει δι᾿ ἐμὲ οὐδὲν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντα, ὅσα ἐστὶν αὐτῷ, ἔδωκεν εἰς τὰς χεῖράς μου
Ѻ҆́нъ же не хотѧ́ше и҆ речѐ женѣ̀ господи́на своегѡ̀: а҆́ще господи́нъ мо́й не вѣ́сть менє̀ ра́ди ничто́же въ домꙋ̀ свое́мъ, и҆ всѧ̑, є҆ли̑ка сꙋ́ть є҆мꙋ̀, вдадѐ въ рꙋ́цѣ моѝ,
But what should I say about the arrangement of his private house, which he governed? However, he accomplished more by ruling himself before others. And even though he was attractive in appearance and very handsome, he did not use the beauty of his face to cause harm to others, but preserved it for his own grace. He believed himself to be more beautiful if he could prove himself more attractive through modesty and the cultivation of chastity rather than through the loss of his virtue. He considered true beauty to be one that didn't attract the eyes of others or harm fragile minds, but gained the admiration and judgment of everyone, being of no deceit and deserving praise. Now, if anyone with impudent eyes looked, the fault is of the one who saw improperly, not of the one who did not want to be seen improperly; and there is no fault in what was seen. It was not in the power of the servant not to be seen: the husband should have guarded the eyes of his wife. If he had no fear about his wife, this man believed it to be a testimony of modesty, not a laxity of behavior. However, men should learn to even guard the eyes of women. For even those who do not want to be loved are attracted. Finally, Joseph was tempted by a woman who scorned his love. And Scripture defended him well, saying: "And his master's wife cast her eyes on Joseph"; that is, he did not display himself, nor did he take advantage. But she cast her own snares and was caught in her own trap. She spread her own nets and became entangled in her own chains.
On Joseph 5.22
“Afterwards,” it says. What is meant by “afterwards”? After Joseph had been entrusted with control of the whole household and after his being shown such esteem by his master, “his master’s wife set her eye on Joseph.” See the shamelessness of this wanton woman. It was not because she considered herself to be mistress of the house that she took this into her head; it was not because he was a servant. Instead, under the spell of Joseph’s charm and aflame with satanic desire, she endeavored at this point to assail the young man. With this evil intent fixed in her mind, she looked for a suitable moment of privacy for putting into effect this illicit endeavor. “But he refused,” the text says. He did not submit, nor did he accept the invitation. Joseph realized, you see, the great ruin it would bring him. Instead of thinking of himself, he was greatly concerned as well to deliver her from this folly and improper desire, as far as was possible. He offered her advice calculated to awaken her to a sense of shame and make her realize what was for her good.
Homilies on Genesis 62.17
and in this house there is nothing above me, nor has anything been kept back from me, but thou, because thou art his wife-- how then shall I do this wicked thing, and sin against God?
καὶ οὐχ ὑπερέχει ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ταύτῃ οὐδὲν ἐμοῦ, οὐδὲ ὑπεξῄρηται ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ οὐδὲν πλὴν σοῦ, διὰ τὸ σὲ γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ εἶναι, καὶ πῶς ποιήσω τὸ ρῆμα τὸ πονηρὸν τοῦτο, καὶ ἁμαρτήσομαι ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ;
и҆ ничто̀ є҆́сть вы́ше менє̀ въ домꙋ̀ се́мъ, нижѐ и҆з̾ѧ́то бы́сть ѿ менє̀ что́-либо, кромѣ̀ тебє̀, поне́же ты̀ жена̀ є҆мꙋ̀ є҆сѝ: и҆ ка́кѡ сотворю̀ глаго́лъ ѕлы́й се́й и҆ согрѣшꙋ̀ пред̾ бг҃омъ;
What a grateful man! See how Joseph counts the blessings from his master so as to demonstrate the ingratitude she shows to her partner. “After all, I the servant,” he is saying, “the stranger, the captive, enjoyed such security at his hands that everything came under my control, and there is nothing that he has kept from my control except you; whereas I am personally in charge of everything, to you alone am I subordinate, and you in fact are beyond my authority.” Then, to deal her an opportune blow by reminding her of her husband’s favor and persuade her not to prove ungrateful to her partner, he said, “You in fact are beyond my authority ‘for the reason that you are his wife.’ So if you are really his wife, ‘how then could I do this wicked deed and commit sin in God’s eyes?’ ” You see, since she was looking for privacy and waiting for an opportunity in her anxiety to escape the notice of her husband and all the servants of the household, he said, “How could I manage to do this wicked thing and commit sin in God’s eyes?” I mean, what are you thinking of? Even if we succeed in escaping the notice of everyone, we will not be able to escape the notice of the unsleeping eye. That is the only one you need to fear, to be concerned and tremble about so as not to commit anything unlawful under his scrutiny.
Homilies on Genesis 62.18
Let us therefore make this our concern too, to have the Lord with us always so that what is done by us will be concluded successfully by him. You see, the person accorded this grace, even should he happen to find himself in the midst of troubles, will think nothing of them since the Lord of all, who creates and transforms everything, makes everything prosper for him and renders all difficulties easy. But how will we succeed in having the Lord with us and enjoying his guidance in everything? If we are vigilant and alert and imitate this young man’s self-control, his other virtues and noble attitude, and if we see that it is so necessary for us to perform all our duties precisely so as never to be condemned by the Lord. We perform our duties to acknowledge that it is impossible to escape the notice of that unsleeping eye and that instead the sinner cannot but become liable to his punishments. Let us not place greater weight on respect for human beings than on God’s anger but rather recall in every circumstance those words of Joseph, “How could I do this wicked deed and commit sin in God’s eyes?” So when some temptation disturbs us, let us turn these words over in our mind, and every unholy desire will immediately be put to flight.
Homilies on Genesis 62.24
And when she talked with Joseph day by day, and he hearkened not to her to sleep with her, so as to be with her,
ἡνίκα δὲ ἐλάλει τῷ ᾿Ιωσὴφ ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας, καὶ οὐχ ὑπήκουεν αὐτῇ καθεύδειν μετ᾿ αὐτῆς τοῦ συγγενέσθαι αὐτῇ.
Є҆гда́ же і҆ѡ́сифꙋ глаго́лаше де́нь ѿ днѐ, и҆ не послꙋ́шаше є҆ѧ̀ є҆́же спа́ти и҆ бы́ти съ не́ю.
For us to learn the surpassing virtue of the good man and the fact that not once or twice but many times he endured this pressure and resisted the invitation by ceaselessly counseling her, Scripture says, “Although she kept inviting him day after day, he did not yield to her.” When she observed him performing his duties in the house, she fell upon the young man like a wild animal grinding its teeth and grabbed his clothing to lay hold of him. Let us not pass this passage idly by. Instead, let us consider how much pressure the good man endured. I mean, in my view at any rate, it was not so remarkable that the three children survived unharmed in the middle of the Babylonian furnace and sustained no harm from the fire as it was remarkable and unprecedented that this remarkable young man had his clothes torn from him by this frenzied and intemperate woman without yielding to her. Instead, Joseph left the clothes in her hands and fled the scene in that condition. You see, just as those three children on account of their virtue enjoyed grace from on high and were seen to prove superior to the fire, so this man too, after making whatever effort he could and giving evidence of his struggle for continence with great intensity, enjoyed abundant help from on high. He all at once prevailed, thanks to such cooperation from God’s right hand, and slipped from the clutches of that lustful woman. Then one could see this remarkable man emerging, divested of his clothes but garbed in the vesture of chastity, as though escaping unharmed from some fiery furnace, not only not scorched by the flames but even more conspicuous and resplendent.
Homilies on Genesis 62.19
The young man is desired by his mistress but is not provoked to lust. He is asked and runs away. She who commanded in other matters, in this one thing coaxes and pleads. She loved him, or was it rather herself? I think that it was neither him nor herself. If she loved him, why did she want to ruin him? If she loved herself, why did she want to perish? Behold, I have proved that she did not love: she burned with the poison of lust but did not shine with the flame of charity. He, however, knew how to see what she did not know. Joseph was more beautiful within than without, fairer in the light of his heart than in the beauty of his body. Where the eye of that woman could not penetrate, there he enjoyed his own beauty. Therefore, as he beheld the interior beauty of chastity in the mirror of his conscience, when would he allow it to be stained or violated by the temptation of that woman? For this reason what he saw you too can see if you will—namely, the interior and spiritual beauty of chastity—provided that you have eyes for it. I will tell you something by way of an example. You love it in your wife; therefore do not hate in the wife of another what you love in your own. What do you love in your own wife? Chastity, of course. You hate it in another’s wife, when you are willing to destroy chastity by intimacy with her. What you love in your own wife you want to kill in the wife of another. How can you have a prayer of devotion, O murderer of chastity? Therefore preserve in the wife of another what you want to protect in your own, for in your wife you love her chastity rather than her body.
Sermon 90.2
it came to pass on a certain day, that Joseph went into the house to do his business, and there was no one of the household within.
ἐγένετο δὲ τοιαύτη τις ἡμέρα, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ᾿Ιωσὴφ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν ποιεῖν τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἦν τῶν ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ἔσω,
Бы́сть же сицевы́й нѣ́кїй де́нь, и҆ вни́де і҆ѡ́сифъ въ до́мъ дѣ́лати дѣла̀ своѧ̑, и҆ никто́же бѧ́ше ѿ сꙋ́щихъ въ домꙋ̀ внꙋ́трь:
And she caught hold of him by his clothes, and said, Lie with me; and having left his clothes in her hands, he fled, and went forth.
καὶ ἐπεσπάσατο αὐτὸν τῶν ἱματίων λέγουσα· κοιμήθητι μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ. καὶ καταλιπὼν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτῆς ἔφυγε καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἔξω.
и҆ ᲂу҆хватѝ є҆го̀ за ри̑зы, глаго́лющи: лѧ́зи со мно́ю. И҆ ѡ҆ста́вивъ ри̑зы своѧ̑ въ рꙋкꙋ̀ є҆ѧ̀, ᲂу҆бѣжѐ и҆ и҆зы́де во́нъ.
Further, she said to him, “Lie with me.” The first weapons of the adulteress are those of the eyes, the second those of words, but one who is not seduced by the eyes can resist the word. A defense is at hand when the passions are still free. And so it is written that “he refused.” Therefore Joseph first overcame her attack through a struggle in his heart and drove her back with the shield of his soul, so to speak; then he launched his word like a spear to force her retreat. “And he spoke to the wife of his master.” She is correctly called the wife of the master, and not the mistress of the house, for she could not extort what she wanted to obtain. For how was she the mistress? She did not have the power of one who rules; she did not observe the discipline of a mistress; she provided mere servants with enticements to lust. But Joseph was a master who did not take up the torches of that lover, did not feel the bonds of that seducer, was not terrified by any fear of death and preferred to die free of sin rather than to choose participation in guilty power. He was free who believed it shameful not to make recompense for favor. Indeed, Joseph does not make his excuses as a frightened man, nor is he on his guard as one fearful of danger. Rather, he flees the charge of ingratitude and the stain of sin as one who owes a debt to his master’s kindness and his own blamelessness, and, as a just man, he is terrified of the contagion of guilt. The adulteress threw her third dart by the persistency of her invitation, but Joseph did not listen to her. After the first words, one has something to guard against. Lust is not only impure but insolent, demanding and wanton as well, and the adulteress has respect for nothing. She who felt no sorrow at her first loss of modesty lies in wait to perform her seduction.Finally, when Joseph went in by reason of his duty and the office entrusted to him and the witnesses and household servants were far off, she seized him and said, “Lie with me.” He is absolved by the testimony of Scripture, because he was unable to abandon the service entrusted to him by his master. Indeed, it is not enough that Joseph entered the inside of his house without concern as one who could not be seduced; the just man had an obligation to take care not to give opportunity to a woman in a state of frenzy, else she might be undone by his sin. But while he perceived that the wife of his master was his adversary, still he had to guard against giving offense to his master by neglecting his duty. At the same time, he supposed her forwardness still consisted in speech, not in laying hands on him. Joseph is absolved for having entered in and praised for having slipped away; he did not value the clothing of his body higher than the chastity of his soul. He left the clothing, which the adulteress held back in her hands, as if it were not his, and considered foreign to him the garments that the impure woman had been able to touch and seize. Joseph was, after all, a great man. Although sold, he did not know the nature of a slave. Although much loved, he did not love in return. Although asked, he did not acquiesce. Although seized, he fled away. When he was approached by his master’s wife, he could be held by his garment but not seduced in his soul. He did not endure even her words for long, either, because he judged it to be a contagion if he should delay very long; else the incentives to lust might pass over to him through the hands of the adulteress. Therefore Joseph stripped off his garment and cast off the sin. He left behind the clothing by which he was held and fled away, stripped to be sure, but not naked, because he was covered better by the covering of modesty. Yes, a man is not naked unless guilt has made him naked.
On Joseph the Patriarch
When Joseph was accused by his master’s wife, he could be held by his clothing but was unable to be captivated in soul. He did not even tolerate her words for a long time, considering it a dangerous influence if he delayed any longer, lest through the hands of the adulteress the attractions of lust penetrate his soul. Therefore by removing his garments he shook off all accusation; leaving the clothes with which he was held he fled, robbed indeed but not naked, for he was covered still more with the clothing of purity. No one is naked except the man whom guilt has exposed. In earlier times too we have the fact that after Adam had disregarded God’s command by his transgression and contracted the debt of serious sin, he was naked; for this reason he himself said, “I heard you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked; and I hid.” Adam asserts he is naked because he has lost the adornment of divine protection; and he hid himself because he did not have the garment of faith, which he had laid aside by his transgression. You see an important fact: Adam was naked, although he did not lose his tunic; Joseph, who was stripped of his clothing, which he left in the hands of the adulteress, was not naked. The same Scripture asserts that the former was naked and the latter was not. Therefore Joseph despoiled himself rather than become naked when he preserved the garments of virtue incorrupt. He stripped himself of the old man with its actions, in order to put on the new man who is renewed unto knowledge according to the image of the Creator. Adam, however, remained naked because he could not clothe himself again after he was stripped of his singularly privileged virtue. For this reason he took a tunic made of skins, since as a sinner he could not have a spiritual one.
Sermon 92.3
And it came to pass, when she saw that he had left his clothes in her hands, and fled, and gone forth,
καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς εἶδεν, ὅτι καταλιπὼν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτῆς ἔφυγε καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἔξω,
И҆ бы́сть є҆гда̀ ви́дѣ, ꙗ҆́кѡ ѡ҆ста́вль ри̑зы своѧ̑ въ рꙋка́хъ є҆ѧ̀, бѣжа̀ и҆ и҆зы́де во́нъ:
that she called those that were in the house, and spoke to them, saying, See, he has brought in to us a Hebrew servant to mock us-- he came in to me, saying, Lie with me, and I cried with a loud voice.
καὶ ἐκάλεσε τοὺς ὄντας ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς λέγουσα· ἴδετε, εἰσήγαγεν ἡμῖν παῖδα ῾Εβραῖον ἐμπαίζειν ἡμῖν· εἰσῆλθε πρός με λέγων· κοιμήθητι μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ, καὶ ἐβόησα φωνῇ μεγάλῃ·
и҆ воззва̀ сꙋ́щихъ въ домꙋ̀ и҆ речѐ и҆̀мъ глаго́лющи: ви́дите, введѐ на́мъ ѻ҆́трока є҆вре́ина нарꙋга́тисѧ на́мъ: вни́де ко мнѣ̀, глаго́лѧ: преспѝ со мно́ю: и҆ возопи́хъ гла́сомъ вели́кимъ:
Indeed, Joseph went out of doors while she spread the news of the temptation that arose from her own adultery; she said in a loud voice that the Hebrew had fled and left his garment behind. Thus she revealed what she should have concealed, so as to do harm to an innocent man by inventing a crime. But the just man Joseph did not know how to make accusation, and so the impure woman accomplished this with impunity. Therefore I might say that she was the one who had really been stripped, although she was keeping the clothing of another. She had lost all the coverings of chastity, whereas he was sufficiently provided for and protected; his voice was not heard, and yet his blamelessness spoke for itself.
On Joseph the Patriarch
But despite such a victory, despite such wonderful fortitude for which Joseph ought to have been rewarded, for which he ought to have been extolled, once more he endures countless troubles as though a guilty party. You see, the Egyptian woman did not take kindly at that stage to her shame and insult brought on herself by attempting the impossible. First she summoned those in the household and accused the young man and tried to mislead them all by claiming that the commands given by her in her frenzy had been uttered by him. This, in fact, is the way with wickedness, that it endeavors to attribute its own faults to the virtue that is under attack. That is exactly what she did in this case, portraying the young man as incontinent and giving herself the guise of chastity, saying that was the reason he had abandoned his clothes and she was left with them.
Homilies on Genesis 62.20
When Joseph was still young and at the end of his adolescence, he overcame the impudence of the Egyptian woman, even though he was dragged with great force to commit what was not lawful. In fact, this woman arguing with him impudently took the clothes off him and urged him to sin against his will. Actually he escaped from the furious lust of the woman after abandoning his cloak and could not be defeated by her strong will. Therefore he was accused of that action, since the woman turned the fault to him. In that dishonorable accusation, however, Joseph demonstrated great modesty and nobility. And he was thrown into the prison. Christ also was among the pagans, especially in the person of the holy apostles, who declared that they carried around on their own body his scars. They did not want to adjust themselves to those things that belong to the world but kept away from any desire of the flesh. And such is always the life of the saints. Therefore, for this reason, they were the object of many plots and were oppressed by the slander of those who were accustomed to regard those who wanted to live in Christ as unbearable, so that they fell into tremendous temptations and were imprisoned. However, they always bore in mind Christ’s saying: “If you belonged to the world, the world would love you as its own. Because you do not belong to the world, therefore the world hates you,” exactly as the lustful woman hated Joseph.
Glaphyra on Genesis, 6
And when he heard that I lifted up my voice and cried, having left his clothes with me, he fled, and went forth out.
ἐν δὲ τῷ ἀκοῦσαι αὐτὸν ὅτι ὕψωσα τὴν φωνήν μου καὶ ἐβόησα, καταλιπὼν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ παρ᾿ ἐμοὶ ἔφυγε καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἔξω.
и҆ є҆гда̀ ᲂу҆слы́ша ѻ҆́нъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ возвы́сихъ гла́съ мо́й и҆ возопи́хъ, ѡ҆ста́вль ри̑зы своѧ̑ ᲂу҆ менє̀, ѿбѣжѐ и҆ и҆зы́де во́нъ.
So she leaves the clothes by her, until the master came to his house.
καὶ καταλιμπάνει τὰ ἱμάτια παρ᾿ ἑαυτῇ, ἕως ἦλθεν ὁ κύριος εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ.
И҆ ᲂу҆держа̀ ри̑зы ᲂу҆ себє̀, до́ндеже прїи́де господи́нъ въ до́мъ сво́й.
And she spoke to him according to these words, saying, The Hebrew servant, whom thou broughtest in to us, came in to me to mock me, and said to me, I will lie with thee.
καὶ ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ κατὰ τὰ ρήματα ταῦτα λέγουσα· εἰσῆλθε πρός με ὁ παῖς ὁ ῾Εβραῖος, ὃν εἰσήγαγες πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ἐμπαῖξαί μοι καὶ εἶπέ μοι· κοιμηθήσομαι μετὰ σοῦ·
И҆ повѣ́да є҆мꙋ̀ по словесѣ́хъ си́хъ, глаго́лющи: вни́де ко мнѣ̀ ѻ҆́трокъ є҆вре́инъ, є҆го́же вве́лъ є҆сѝ къ на́мъ, порꙋга́тисѧ мнѣ̀, и҆ рече́ ми: да бꙋ́дꙋ съ тобо́ю:
And when he heard that I lifted up my voice and cried, having left his clothes with me, he fled and departed forth.
ὡς δὲ ἤκουσεν ὅτι ὕψωσα τὴν φωνήν μου καὶ ἐβόησα, καταλιπὼν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ παρ᾿ ἐμοὶ ἔφυγε καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἔξω.
є҆гда́ же ᲂу҆слы́ша, ꙗ҆́кѡ воздвиго́хъ гла́съ мо́й и҆ возопи́хъ, ѡ҆ста́вль ри̑зы своѧ̑ ᲂу҆ менє̀, ѿбѣжѐ и҆ и҆зы́де во́нъ.
And it came to pass, when his master heard all the words of his wife, that she spoke to him, saying, Thus did thy servant to me, that he was very angry.
ἐγένετο δέ, ὡς ἤκουσεν ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ τὰ ρήματα τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ, ὅσα ἐλάλησε πρὸς αὐτόν, λέγουσα· οὕτως ἐποίησέ μοι ὁ παῖς σου, καὶ ἐθυμώθη ὀργῇ.
И҆ бы́сть є҆гда̀ ᲂу҆слы́ша господи́нъ є҆гѡ̀ глаго́лы жены̀ своеѧ̀, є҆ли̑ка речѐ къ немꙋ̀, глаго́лющи: си́це сотвори́ ми ѻ҆́трокъ тво́й: и҆ разгнѣ́васѧ ꙗ҆́ростїю,
When she could not protect her own vices, she accused the innocent; she joined deceit to deceit, held on to the possessions of others, herself condemned others and set no limit to her fury. Whatever was the reason for her cruelty? Only that she saw that her cravings were meeting with resistance and her forbidden desires were being frustrated of receiving consent. See the reason why the prison opens—to admit the innocent. Why criminals are freed of their chains—that these may be put on the faithful! Why falsifiers of the truth are let go—that one who refused to falsify his trust may be locked in!
On Joseph the Patriarch
That woman, however, did what she threatened, lied to her husband and was believed; and still God was patient. Holy Joseph was thrown into prison. He was held captive like a guilty man, although God was not offended by him. Nor did God fail him there, since Jacob was not guilty in his sight. The Lord was with holy Joseph; because he loved what was holy, he was not overcome by the love of a woman. Her age did not arouse the chaste mind of the youth, nor did the authority of the one who loved him move him to associate with his despised mistress. With her own lips she plotted against the young man. Secretly and without witnesses the shameless woman seized him with her own hand, urging him by her insolent words to sin. Indeed, he is not overcome there, but as words followed words, so one thing followed another; although he had refused when asked repeatedly, still he was seized at the time he fled.
Sermon 90.3
And his master took Joseph, and cast him into the prison, into the place where the king's prisoners are kept, there in the prison.
καὶ λαβὼν ὁ κύριος ᾿Ιωσὴφ ἐνέβαλεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ ὀχύρωμα, εἰς τὸν τόπον, ἐν ᾦ οἱ δεσμῶται τοῦ βασιλέως κατέχονται ἐκεῖ ἐν τῷ ὀχυρώματι.
и҆ взе́мъ господи́нъ і҆ѡ́сифа, вве́рже є҆го̀ въ темни́цꙋ, въ мѣ́сто, и҆дѣ́же ᲂу҆́зники царє́вы держа́тсѧ та́мѡ въ тверды́ни.
Therefore I might say Joseph was happier when he was put into prison, because he was giving witness on behalf of chastity. For modesty is a good gift but one of lesser merit when it involves no risk. Where, however, it is maintained at the risk of one’s safety, there it wins a more abundant crown. With his case unheard, his truthfulness unexamined, Joseph is sent into prison as if guilty of a crime. But the Lord did not abandon him even in prison. The innocent should not be troubled when they are attacked on false charges, when justice is overcome and they are shoved into prison. God visits his own even in prison, and so there is more help for them there, where there is more danger.
On Joseph the Patriarch
But the holy man considered that prison to be a palace; and Joseph himself was a palace in his prison, because where faith, chastity and modesty are, there the palace of Christ is, the temple of God, the dwelling of the Holy Spirit.… In the church there are three models of chastity that everybody must imitate: Joseph, Susanna and Mary. May men imitate Joseph, women Susanna and the virgin Mary.
Sermon 24.2
Joseph was imprisoned. Our Joseph, that is, Christ, as Isaiah says, “was numbered with the transgressors.” The innocent man is led among the guilty by the wisdom of God, who “went down with him”—as was written—”into the pit, and did not leave him in bonds.” This Joseph of ours, Christ, claims, “I became as a man without help, free among the dead.” What followed had to happen, that is, the fact that Joseph found in the commander of the prison the grace of which he was full and that all the keys and the entire surveillance were given to him. This occurred in order that to the one before whom heaven prostrated in the figure of the sun, the moon and the stars, and the earth in that of its crops, also the subterranean creatures of the prison might submit. And therefore before our Joseph, that is, Christ, “every knee should bend, in heaven and on earth and under the earth.” I also think that the fact that two eunuchs of Pharaoh were imprisoned together with him is not incompatible with the mystery of the passion. In fact, it was completed in this manner by the number of the three crucified, of whom our Joseph, that is, Christ, by unveiling the mysteries, had to punish one with a deserved chastisement and had to save the other with a free grace. These holy actions were accomplished then under the veil of allegory, so that their full revelation might be reserved to us.
Book of Promises and Predictions of God 1.28.40
Now when Joseph was accused by his mistress, he refused to say that she was guilty, because as a just man he did not know how to accuse anyone; for this reason the unchaste woman acted with impunity. Therefore I might say that she was truly stripped even though she held the skirt of his garment in her hand, for she had lost all the adornments of purity and the covering of chastity. I might say further that he was sufficiently adorned and clothed even though his voice was not heard, for his innocence spoke. In this way, Susanna later spoke better than the prophet even though she was silent at her trial; since she did not seek the help of her own voice she thus merited the defense of the prophet. I might have said Joseph was more blessed when he was cast into prison, for he endured martyrdom in defense of chastity. The gift of purity is a great thing, even when it is preserved without danger, but when it is defended, although at the risk of personal safety, then it is crowned still more fully.
Sermon 92.4
And the Lord was with Joseph, and poured down mercy upon him; and he gave him favour in the sight of the chief keeper of the prison.
Καὶ ἦν Κύριος μετὰ ᾿Ιωσὴφ καὶ κατέχεεν αὐτοῦ ἔλεος καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ χάριν ἐναντίον τοῦ ἀρχιδεσμοφύλακος,
И҆ бѧ́ше гдⷭ҇ь со і҆ѡ́сифомъ, и҆ возлїѧ̀ на него̀ млⷭ҇ть, и҆ дадѐ є҆мꙋ̀ блгⷣть пред̾ нача́льнымъ стра́жемъ темни́чнымъ:
But why would it be surprising if Christ visits those in prison, since he himself mentioned being imprisoned in his own words, as it is written: "I was in prison, and you did not visit me." Where does divine mercy not penetrate? Joseph found such favor that he, who had been locked in prison, would keep the doors of the prison himself, granted the duty of jailer, and entrusted all the prisoners to his authority. Therefore, Joseph not only did not feel the prison, but also alleviated the suffering of the other prisoners.
On Joseph 5.27
You notice how even when Joseph encountered troubles he had no sense of distress; instead, the creative wisdom of God transformed all his distress. Just as a pearl reveals its peculiar beauty even if someone buries it in the mire, so too virtue, wherever you cast it, reveals its characteristic power, be it in servitude, in prison, in distress or in prosperity. So since, even when cast into prison, he won over the chief jailer and received from him control of everything there, let us see in this case as well how Joseph reveals the force of grace coming his way.
Homilies on Genesis 63.2
While his case was un-heard, Joseph was thrown into prison as if guilty of a crime, but the Lord did not desert him there. It is not a source of shame for the innocent when they are attacked by false charges and cast into prison because justice is crushed; the Lord visits his own even in prison, and therefore there is more help where the danger is greater. What wonder is it that Christ visits his own who are in prison, when he recalls that he has been locked up in prison in the person of his people? As you have it written: “I was in prison, and you did not come to me.” Where does the divine mercy not penetrate? Joseph found such favor that he who had been shut up in prison rather guarded the bars of the prison.
Sermon 92.4
And the chief keeper of the prison gave the prison into the hand of Joseph, and all the prisoners as many as were in the prison; and all things whatsoever they do there, he did them.
καὶ ἔδωκεν ὁ ἀρχιδεσμοφύλαξ τὸ δεσμωτήριον διὰ χειρὸς ᾿Ιωσὴφ καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἀπηγμένους, ὅσοι ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ, καὶ πάντα ὅσα ποιοῦσιν ἐκεῖ, αὐτὸς ἦν ποιῶν.
и҆ вдадѐ старѣ́йшина страже́й темни́цꙋ въ рꙋ́цѣ і҆ѡ́сифꙋ и҆ всѣ́хъ вве́рженыхъ въ темни́цꙋ: и҆ всѧ̑, є҆ли̑ка творѧ́хꙋ та́мѡ, то́й бѣ̀ творѧ́й.
Because of him the chief keeper of the prison knew nothing, for all things were in the hand of Joseph, because the Lord was with him; and whatever things he did, the Lord made them to prosper in his hands.
οὐκ ἦν ὁ ἀρχιδεσμοφύλαξ τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου γινώσκων δι᾿ αὐτὸν οὐδέν· πάντα γὰρ ἦν διὰ χειρὸς ᾿Ιωσὴφ διὰ τὸ τὸν Κύριον μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ εἶναι, καὶ ὅσα αὐτὸς ἐποίει, ὁ Κύριος εὐώδου ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ.
Старѣ́йшина же страже́й темни́чныхъ ничто́же бѣ̀ вѣ́дый є҆гѡ̀ ра́ди: всѧ̑ бо бы́ша въ рꙋка́хъ і҆ѡ́сифовыхъ, зане́же гдⷭ҇ь бѧ́ше съ ни́мъ: и҆ є҆ли̑ка то́й творѧ́ше, гдⷭ҇ь бл҃гопоспѣша́ше въ рꙋкꙋ̀ є҆гѡ̀.
And the Lord was with Joseph, and he was a prosperous man; and he was in the house with his lord the Egyptian.
καὶ ἦν Κύριος μετὰ ᾿Ιωσήφ, καὶ ἦν ἀνὴρ ἐπιτυγχάνων καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ τῷ Αἰγυπτίῳ.
И҆ бѧ́ше гдⷭ҇ь со і҆ѡ́сифомъ: и҆ бѧ́ше мꙋ́жъ благополꙋ́ченъ, и҆ бы́сть въ домꙋ̀ господи́на своегѡ̀ є҆гѵ́птѧнина.