Genesis 38

Commentary from 4 fathers

1

AND it came to pass at that time that Judas went down from his brethren, and came as far as to a certain man of Odollam, whose name was Iras.

ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ δέ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ, κατέβη ᾿Ιούδας ἀπὸ τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀφίκετο ἕως πρὸς ἄνθρωπόν τινα ᾿Οδολλαμίτην, ᾧ ὄνομα Εἰράς.

Бы́сть же въ то̀ вре́мѧ, ѿи́де і҆ꙋ́да ѿ бра́тїи своеѧ̀ и҆ прїи́де къ человѣ́кꙋ нѣ́коемꙋ ѻ҆долламі́тинꙋ, є҆мꙋ́же и҆́мѧ і҆ра́съ:

2

And Judas saw there the daughter of a Chananitish man, whose name was Sava; and he took her, and went in to her.

καὶ εἶδεν ἐκεῖ ᾿Ιούδας θυγατέρα ἀνθρώπου Χαναναίου, ᾗ ὄνομα Σαυά, καὶ ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν καὶ εἰσῆλθε πρὸς αὐτήν.

и҆ ви́дѣ та́мѡ і҆ꙋ́да дще́рь человѣ́ка ханане́йска, є҆́йже и҆́мѧ саѵа̀: и҆ поѧ́тъ ю҆̀, и҆ вни́де къ не́й:

3

And she conceived and bore a son, and called his name, Er.

καὶ συλλαβοῦσα ἔτεκεν υἱὸν καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ῎Ηρ.

и҆ заче́нши родѝ сы́на, и҆ наречѐ и҆́мѧ є҆мꙋ̀ и҆́ръ:

4

And she conceived and bore a son again; and called his name, Aunan.

καὶ συλλαβοῦσα ἔτεκεν υἱὸν ἔτι καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Αὐνάν.

и҆ заче́нши є҆щѐ родѝ сы́на и҆ наречѐ и҆́мѧ є҆мꙋ̀ а҆ѵна́нъ:

5

And she again bore a son; and called his name, Selom: and she was in Chasbi when she bore them.

καὶ προσθεῖσα ἔτεκεν υἱὸν καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Σηλώμ. αὕτη δὲ ἦν ἐν Χασβί, ἡνίκα ἔτεκεν αὐτούς.

и҆ приложи́вши родѝ сы́на (тре́тїѧго) и҆ наречѐ и҆́мѧ силѡ́мъ: сїѧ́ же бѣ̀ въ ха́свѣ, є҆гда̀ родѝ си́хъ.

6

And Judas took a wife for Er his first-born, whose name was Thamar.

καὶ ἔλαβεν ᾿Ιούδας γυναῖκα ῍Ηρ τῷ πρωτοτόκῳ αὐτοῦ, ᾗ ὄνομα Θάμαρ.

И҆ поѧ̀ і҆ꙋ́да женꙋ̀ и҆́рꙋ пе́рвенцꙋ своемꙋ̀, є҆́йже и҆́мѧ ѳама́рь.

7

And Er, the first-born of Judas, was wicked before the Lord; and God killed him.

ἐγένετο δὲ ῍Ηρ πρωτότοκος ᾿Ιούδα πονηρὸς ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεός.

Бы́сть же и҆́ръ пе́рвенецъ і҆ꙋ́динъ ѕо́лъ пред̾ гдⷭ҇емъ: и҆ ᲂу҆бѝ є҆го̀ бг҃ъ.

8

And Judas said to Aunan, Go in to thy brother's wife, and marry her as her brother-in-law, and raise up seed to thy brother.

εἶπε δὲ ᾿Ιούδας τῷ Αὐνάν· εἴσελθε πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου καὶ ἐπιγάμβρευσαι αὐτὴν καὶ ἀνάστησον σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ σου.

Рече́ же і҆ꙋ́да а҆ѵна́нꙋ: вни́ди къ женѣ̀ бра́та твоегѡ̀ и҆ совокꙋпи́сѧ съ не́ю, и҆ возста́ви сѣ́мѧ бра́тꙋ твоемꙋ̀.

9

And Aunan, knowing that the seed should not be his-- it came to pass when he went in to his brother's wife, that he spilled [it] upon the ground, so that he should not give seed to his brother's wife.

γνοὺς δὲ Αὐνὰν ὅτι οὐκ αὐτῷ ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα, ἐγίνετο ὅταν εἰσήρχετο πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ, ἐξέχεεν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν τοῦ μὴ δοῦναι σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ.

Позна́въ же а҆ѵна́нъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ не є҆мꙋ̀ бꙋ́детъ сѣ́мѧ, бы́сть є҆гда̀ вхожда́ше къ женѣ̀ бра́та своегѡ̀, пролива́ше (сѣ́мѧ) на зе́млю, є҆́же не да́ти сѣ́мене бра́тꙋ своемꙋ̀:

10

And his doing this appeared evil before God; and he slew him also.

πονηρὸν δὲ ἐφάνη ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὅτι ἐποίησε τοῦτο, καὶ ἐθανάτωσε καὶ τοῦτον.

ѕло́ же ꙗ҆ви́сѧ пред̾ бг҃омъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ сотворѝ сїѐ: и҆ ᲂу҆мертвѝ и҆ сего̀.

11

And Judas said to Thamar, his daughter-in-law, Sit thou a widow in the house of thy father[-in-law]*, until Selom my son be grown; for he said, lest he also die as his brethren; and Thamar departed, and sat in the house of her father.

εἶπε δὲ ᾿Ιούδας Θάμαρ τῇ νύμφῃ αὐτοῦ· κάθου χήρα ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ πατρός σου ἕως μέγας γένηται Σηλὼμ ὁ υἱός μου. εἶπε γάρ· μή ποτε ἀποθάνῃ καὶ οὗτος, ὥσπερ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ. ἀπελθοῦσα δὲ Θάμαρ ἐκάθητο ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῆς.

Рече́ же і҆ꙋ́да ѳама́ри, невѣ́стцѣ свое́й (по сме́рти двꙋ̀ сынѡ́въ свои́хъ): сѣдѝ вдово́ю въ домꙋ̀ ѻ҆тца̀ твоегѡ̀, до́ндеже вели́къ бꙋ́детъ силѡ́мъ, сы́нъ мо́й. Рече́ бо (во ᲂу҆мѣ̀ сѝ): да не когда̀ ᲂу҆́мретъ и҆ се́й, ꙗ҆́коже и҆ бра́тїѧ є҆гѡ̀. Ѿше́дши же ѳама́рь, сѣдѧ́ше въ домꙋ̀ ѻ҆тца̀ своегѡ̀.

12

And the days were fulfilled, and Sava the wife of Judas died; and Judas, being comforted, went to them that sheared his sheep, himself and Iras his shepherd the Odollamite, to Thamna.

᾿Επληθύνθησαν δὲ αἱ ἡμέραι καὶ ἀπέθανε Σαυὰ ἡ γυνὴ ᾿Ιούδα· καὶ παρακληθεὶς ᾿Ιούδας ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τοὺς κείροντας τά πρόβατα αὐτοῦ, αὐτὸς καὶ Εἰρὰς ὁ ποιμὴν αὐτοῦ ὁ ᾿Οδολλαμίτης εἰς Θαμνά.

Оу҆мно́жишасѧ же дні́е, и҆ ᲂу҆́мре саѵа̀, жена̀ і҆ꙋ́дина. И҆ ᲂу҆тѣ́шивсѧ і҆ꙋ́да, взы́де къ стригꙋ́щымъ ѻ҆́вцы є҆гѡ̀ са́мъ, и҆ і҆ра́съ па́стырь є҆гѡ̀ ѻ҆долламі́тинъ, во ѳа́мнꙋ.

13

And it was told Thamar his daughter-in-law, saying, Behold, thy father-in-law goeth up to Thamna, to shear his sheep.

καὶ ἀπηγγέλη Θάμαρ τῇ νύμφῃ αὐτοῦ λέγοντες· ἰδοὺ ὁ πενθερός σου ἀναβαίνει εἰς Θαμνὰ κεῖραι τὰ πρόβατα αὐτοῦ.

И҆ возвѣсти́ша ѳама́ри невѣ́стцѣ є҆гѡ̀, глаго́люще: сѐ, све́коръ тво́й восхо́дитъ во ѳа́мнꙋ стрищѝ ѻ҆́вцы своѧ̑.

14

And having taken off the garments of her widowhood from her, she put on a veil, and ornamented her face, and sat by the gates of Aenan, which is in the way to Thamna, for she saw that Selom was grown; but he gave her not to him for a wife.

καὶ περιελομένη τὰ ἱμάτια τῆς χηρεύσεως ἀφ᾿ ἑαυτῆς, περιεβάλετο θέριστρον καὶ ἐκαλλωπίσατο καὶ ἐκάθισε πρὸς ταῖς πύλαις Αἰνάν, ἥ ἐστιν ἐν παρόδῳ Θαμνά· εἶδε γὰρ ὅτι μέγας γέγονε Σηλώμ, αὐτὸς δὲ οὐκ ἔδωκεν αὐτὴν αὐτῷ γυναῖκα.

Ѻ҆на́ же све́ргши ри̑зы вдовства̀ съ себє̀, ѡ҆блече́сѧ въ ри́зꙋ лѣ́тнюю и҆ ᲂу҆краси́сѧ, и҆ сѣ́де пред̾ враты̀ є҆на̑ни, ꙗ҆̀же сꙋ́ть на пꙋтѝ ѳа́мны: вѣ́дѧше бо, ꙗ҆́кѡ вели́къ бы́сть силѡ́мъ: се́й же не дадѐ є҆ѧ̀ є҆мꙋ̀ въ женꙋ̀.

15

And when Judas saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; for she covered her face, and he knew her not.

καὶ ἰδὼν αὐτὴν ᾿Ιούδας ἔδοξεν αὐτὴν πόρνην εἶναι· κατεκαλύψατο γὰρ τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἐπέγνω αὐτήν.

И҆ ви́дѣвъ ю҆̀ і҆ꙋ́да, возмнѣ̀ ю҆̀ блꙋдни́цꙋ бы́ти: покры́ бо лицѐ своѐ, и҆ не позна̀ є҆ѧ̀.

16

And he went out of his way to her, and said to her, Let me come in to thee; for he knew not that she was his daughter-in-law; and she said, What wilt thou give me if thou shouldest come in to me?

ἐξέκλινε δὲ πρὸς αὐτὴν τὴν ὁδὸν καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῇ· ἔασόν με εἰσελθεῖν πρὸς σέ· οὐ γὰρ ἔγνω ὅτι νύμφη αὐτοῦ ἐστίν. ἡ δὲ εἶπε· τί μοι δώσεις, ἐὰν εἰσέλθῃς πρός με;

Оу҆клони́сѧ же къ не́й пꙋте́мъ и҆ речѐ є҆́й: попꙋсти́ ми вни́ти къ себѣ̀. Не позна́ бо, ꙗ҆́кѡ невѣ́стка є҆мꙋ̀ є҆́сть. Ѻ҆на́ же речѐ: что́ ми да́си, а҆́ще вни́деши ко мнѣ̀;

17

And he said, I will send thee a kid of the goats from my flock; and she said, [Well], if thou wilt give me an earnest, until thou send it.

ὁ δὲ εἶπεν· ἐγώ σοι ἀποστελῶ ἔριφον αἰγῶν ἐκ τῶν προβάτων μου, ἡ δὲ εἶπεν· ἐὰν δῷς μοι ἀρραβῶνα, ἕως τοῦ ἀποστεῖλαί σε.

Ѻ҆́нъ же речѐ: а҆́зъ тебѣ̀ послю̀ ко́злище ко́зъ ѿ ѻ҆ве́цъ мои́хъ. Ѻ҆на́ же речѐ: а҆́ще да́си мѝ зало́гъ, до́ндеже при́шлеши.

18

And he said, What is the earnest that I shall give thee? and she said, Thy ring, and thy bracelet, and the staff in thy hand; and he gave them to her, and went in to her, and she conceived by him.

ὁ δὲ εἶπε· τίνα τὸν ἀρραβῶνά σοι δώσω; ἡ δὲ εἶπε· τὸν δακτύλιόν σου καὶ τὸν ὁρμίσκον, καὶ τὴν ράβδον τὴν ἐν τῇ χειρί σου. καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῇ καὶ εἰσῆλθε πρὸς αὐτήν, καὶ ἐν γαστρὶ ἔλαβεν ἐξ αὐτοῦ.

Ѻ҆́нъ же речѐ: кі́й зало́гъ тебѣ̀ да́мъ; Ѻ҆на́ же речѐ: пе́рстень тво́й и҆ гри́внꙋ, и҆ же́злъ и҆́же въ рꙋцѣ̀ твое́й. И҆ дадѐ є҆́й, и҆ вни́де къ не́й, и҆ зача̀ во ᲂу҆тро́бѣ ѿ негѡ̀.

19

And she arose and departed, and took her veil from off her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

καὶ ἀναστᾶσα ἀπῆλθε καὶ περιείλετο τὸ θέριστρον αὐτῆς ἀφ᾿ ἑαυτῆς καὶ ἐνεδύσατο τὰ ἱμάτια τῆς χηρεύσεως αὐτῆς.

И҆ воста́вши ѿи́де, и҆ све́рже ри́зꙋ лѣ́тнюю съ себє̀ и҆ ѡ҆блече́сѧ въ ри̑зы вдовства̀ своегѡ̀.

20

And Judas sent the kid of the goats by the hand of his shepherd the Odollamite, to receive the pledge from the woman; and he found her not.

ἀπέστειλε δὲ ᾿Ιούδας τὸν ἔριφον ἐξ αἰγῶν ἐν χειρὶ τοῦ ποιμένος αὐτοῦ τοῦ ᾿Οδολλαμίτου κομίσασθαι παρὰ τῆς γυναικὸς τὸν ἀρραβῶνα, καὶ οὐχ εὗρεν αὐτήν.

Посла́ же і҆ꙋ́да ко́злище ѿ ко́зъ рꙋко́ю па́стырѧ своегѡ̀ ѻ҆долламі́тина взѧ́ти зало́гъ ѿ жены̀, и҆ не ѡ҆брѣ́те є҆ѧ̀.

21

And he asked the men of the place, Where is the harlot who was in Aenan by the way-side? and they said, There was no harlot here.

ἐπηρώτησε δὲ τοὺς ἄνδρας τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ τόπου· ποῦ ἐστιν ἡ πόρνη ἡ γενομένη ἐν Αἰνὰν ἐπὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ; καὶ εἶπαν· οὐκ ἦν ἐνταῦθα πόρνη.

Вопроси́ же мꙋже́й мѣ́ста тогѡ̀ и҆ речѐ и҆̀мъ: гдѣ̀ є҆́сть блꙋдни́ца бы́вшаѧ во є҆на́нѣ на распꙋ́тїи; И҆ рѣ́ша: не бѣ̀ здѣ̀ блꙋдни́ца.

22

And he returned to Judas, and said, I have not found her; and the men of the place say, There is no harlot here.

καὶ ἀπεστράφη πρὸς ᾿Ιούδαν καὶ εἶπεν· οὐχ εὗρον, καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ ἐκ τοῦ τόπου λέγουσι μὴ εἶναι ὧδε πόρνην.

И҆ возврати́сѧ ко і҆ꙋ́дѣ и҆ речѐ: не ѡ҆брѣто́хъ: и҆ человѣ́цы мѣ́ста тогѡ̀ глаго́лютъ: нѣ́сть здѣ̀ блꙋдни́цы.

23

And Judas said, Let her have them, but let us not be ridiculed; I sent this kid, but thou hast not found her.

εἶπε δὲ ᾿Ιούδας· ἐχέτω αὐτά, ἀλλὰ μή ποτε καταγελασθῶμεν· ἐγὼ μὲν ἀπέσταλκα τὸν ἔριφον τοῦτον, σὺ δὲ οὐχ εὕρηκας.

Рече́ же і҆ꙋ́да: да и҆́мать та̑: но да не когда̀ посмѣю́тсѧ на́мъ: а҆́зъ ᲂу҆́бѡ посла́хъ ко́злище сїѐ, ты́ же не ѡ҆брѣ́лъ є҆сѝ.

24

And it came to pass after three months, that it was told Judas, saying, Thamar thy daughter-in-law has grievously played the harlot, and behold she is with child by whoredom; and Judas said, Bring her out, and let her be burnt.

᾿Εγένετο δὲ μετὰ τρίμηνον ἀνηγγέλη τῷ ᾿Ιούδᾳ λέγοντες· ἐκπεπόρνευκε Θάμαρ ἡ νύμφη σου καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχει ἐκ πορνείας. εἶπε δὲ ᾿Ιούδας· ἐξαγάγετε αὐτήν, καὶ κατακαυθήτω.

Бы́сть же по тре́хъ мцⷭ҇ѣхъ, повѣ́даша і҆ꙋ́дѣ, глаго́люще: соблꙋдѝ ѳама́рь невѣ́стка твоѧ̀, и҆ сѐ, во ᲂу҆тро́бѣ и҆́мать ѿ блꙋда̀. Рече́ же і҆ꙋ́да: и҆зведи́те ю҆̀, и҆ да сожгꙋ́тъ ю҆̀.

25

And as they were bringing her, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, I am with child by the man whose these things are; and she said, See whose is this ring and bracelet and staff.

αὐτὴ δὲ ἀγομένη ἀπέστειλε πρὸς τὸν πενθερὸν αὐτῆς λέγουσα· ἐκ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, οὗτινος ταῦτά ἐστιν, ἐγὼ ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχω. καὶ εἶπεν· ἐπίγνωθι, τίνος ὁ δακτύλιος καὶ ὁ ὁρμίσκος καὶ ἡ ράβδος αὕτη.

Ѻ҆на́ же ведо́ма посла̀ къ све́крꙋ своемꙋ̀, глаго́лющи: ѿ человѣ́ка, є҆гѡ́же сїѧ̑ сꙋ́ть, а҆́зъ во ᲂу҆тро́бѣ и҆́мамъ. И҆ речѐ: позна́й, чі́й пе́рстень и҆ гри́вна и҆ же́злъ се́й.

26

And Judas knew [them], and said, Thamar is cleared rather than I, forasmuch as I gave her not to Selom my son: and he knew her not again.

ἐπέγνω δὲ ᾿Ιούδας καὶ εἶπε· δεδικαίωται Θάμαρ ἢ ἐγώ, οὗ ἕνεκεν οὐκ ἔδωκα αὐτὴν Σηλὼν τῷ υἱῷ μου. καὶ οὐ προσέθετο ἔτι τοῦ γνῶναι αὐτήν.

Позна́ же і҆ꙋ́да и҆ речѐ: ѡ҆правда́сѧ ѳама́рь па́че менє̀, ꙗ҆́кѡ не да́хъ є҆ѧ̀ силѡ́мꙋ сы́нꙋ моемꙋ̀. И҆ не приложѝ ктомꙋ̀ позна́ти ю҆̀.

27

And it came to pass when she was in labour, that she also had twins in her womb.

᾿Εγένετο δὲ ἡνίκα ἔτικτε, καὶ τῇδε ἦν δίδυμα ἐν τῇ γαστρὶ αὐτῆς.

Бы́сть же є҆гда̀ ражда́ше, и҆ бѣ́ста близнѧ́та во ᲂу҆тро́бѣ є҆ѧ̀.

28

And it came to pass as she was bringing forth, one thrust forth his hand, and the midwife having taken hold of it, bound upon his hand a scarlet [thread], saying, This one shall come out first.

ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ τίκτειν αὐτήν, ὁ εἷς προεξήνεγκε τὴν χεῖρα· λαβοῦσα δὲ ἡ μαῖα ἔδησεν ἐπί τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ κόκκινον λέγουσα· οὗτος ἐξελεύσεται πρότερος.

Бы́сть же въ рожде́нїи є҆ѧ̀, є҆ди́нъ произнесѐ рꙋ́кꙋ: взе́мши же ба́ба навѧза̀ на рꙋ́кꙋ є҆гѡ̀ че́рвлень, глаго́лющи: се́й и҆зы́детъ пе́рвый.

29

And when he drew back his hand, then immediately came forth his brother; and she said, Why has the barrier been cut through because of thee? and she called his name, Phares.

ὡς δὲ ἐπισυνήγαγε τὴν χεῖρα, καὶ εὐθὺς ἐξῆλθεν ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ. ἡ δὲ εἶπε· τί διεκόπη διὰ σὲ φραγμός; καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Φαρές.

Є҆гда́ же вовлечѐ рꙋ́кꙋ, и҆ а҆́бїе и҆зы́де бра́тъ є҆гѡ̀. Ѻ҆на́ же речѐ: что̀ пресѣче́сѧ тебє̀ ра́ди прегражде́нїе; И҆ прозва̀ и҆́мѧ є҆мꙋ̀ фаре́съ.

30

And after this came forth his brother, on whose hand was the scarlet thread; and she called his name, Zara.

καί μετὰ τοῦτο ἐξῆλθεν ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ, ἐφ᾿ ᾧ ἦν ἐπὶ τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ τὸ κόκκινον· καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ζαρά.

И҆ посе́мъ и҆зы́де бра́тъ є҆гѡ̀, є҆мꙋ́же бѣ̀ на рꙋцѣ̀ є҆гѡ̀ че́рвлень: и҆ прозва̀ и҆́мѧ є҆мꙋ̀ за́ра.