Leviticus 2
Commentary from 5 fathers
And if a soul bring a gift, a sacrifice to the Lord, his gift shall be fine flour; and he shall pour oil upon it, and shall put frankincense on it: it is a sacrifice.
ΕΑΝ δὲ ψυχὴ προσφέρῃ δῶρον θυσίαν τῷ Κυρίῳ, σεμίδαλις ἔσται τὸ δῶρον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐπιχεεῖ ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ ἔλαιον καὶ ἐπιθήσει ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ λίβανον· θυσία ἐστί.
А҆́ще же дꙋша̀ принесе́тъ да́ръ же́ртвꙋ гдⷭ҇ꙋ, мꙋка̀ пшени́чна да бꙋ́детъ да́ръ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ да возлїе́тъ на ню̀ є҆ле́й, и҆ возложи́тъ на ню̀ лїва́нъ: же́ртва є҆́сть:
And he shall bring it to the priests the sons of Aaron: and having taken from it a handful of the fine flour with the oil, and all its frankincense, then the priest shall put the memorial of it on the altar: [it is] a sacrifice, an odour of sweet savour to the Lord.
καὶ οἴσει πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ααρὼν τοὺς ἱερεῖς, καὶ δραξάμενος ἀπ᾿ αὐτῆς πλήρη τὴν δράκα ἀπὸ τῆς σεμιδάλεως σὺν τῷ ἐλαίῳ καὶ πάντα τὸν λίβανον αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπιθήσει ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον· θυσία, ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας τῷ Κυρίῳ.
и҆ да принесе́тъ ю҆̀ къ сынѡ́мъ а҆арѡ̑нимъ жерцє́мъ, и҆ во́зметъ ѿ неѧ̀ по́лнꙋ го́рсть мꙋкѝ пшени́чны съ є҆ле́емъ и҆ ве́сь лїва́нъ є҆ѧ̀, и҆ да возложи́тъ жре́цъ па́мѧть є҆ѧ̀ на ѻ҆лта́рь: же́ртва вонѧ̀ благоꙋха́нїѧ гдⷭ҇ꙋ:
And the remainder of the sacrifice shall be for Aaron and his sons, a most holy portion from the sacrifices of the Lord.
καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν ἀπὸ τῆς θυσίας ᾿Ααρὼν καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ· ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων ἀπὸ τῶν θυσιῶν Κυρίου. ἐὰν δὲ προσφέρῃ δῶρον θυσίαν πεπεμμένην ἐν κλιβάνῳ, δῶρον Κυρίῳ ἐκ σεμιδάλεως, ἄρτους ἀζύμους πεφυραμένους ἐν ἐλαίῳ καὶ λάγανα ἄζυμα διακεχρισμένα ἐν ἐλαίῳ.
и҆ ѡ҆ста́нокъ ѿ же́ртвы а҆арѡ́нꙋ и҆ сынѡ́мъ є҆гѡ̀: ст҃о́е ст҃ы́хъ ѿ же́ртвъ гдⷭ҇нихъ.
And if he bring as a gift a sacrifice baked from the oven, a gift to the Lord of fine flour, [he shall bring] unleavened bread kneaded with oil, and unleavened cakes anointed with oil.
А҆́ще же принесе́тъ да́ръ же́ртвꙋ пече́нꙋ въ пещѝ ѿ мꙋкѝ пшени́чны, хлѣ́бы прѣ̑сны спрѧ́жєны съ є҆ле́емъ и҆ ѡ҆прѣсно́ки пома̑заны є҆ле́емъ.
And if thy gift [be] a sacrifice from a pan, it is fine flour mingled with oil, unleavened [offerings].
ἐὰν δὲ θυσία ἀπὸ τηγάνου τὸ δῶρόν σου, σεμίδαλις πεφυραμένη ἐν ἐλαίῳ, ἄζυμά ἐστι.
А҆́ще же же́ртва ѿ сковрады̀ да́ръ тво́й, мꙋка̀ пшени́чна смѣ́шена со є҆ле́емъ, прѣ̑сна да бꙋ́дꙋтъ:
And thou shalt break them into fragments and pour oil upon them: it is a sacrifice to the Lord.
καὶ διαθρύψεις αὐτὰ κλάσματα, καὶ ἐπιχεεῖς ἐπ᾿ αὐτὰ ἔλαιον. θυσία ἐστὶ Κυρίῳ.
и҆ да разло́миши ѧ҆̀ на ᲂу҆крꙋ́хи, и҆ возлїе́ши на нѧ̀ є҆ле́й: же́ртва є҆́сть гдⷭ҇ꙋ.
And if thy gift be a sacrifice from the hearth, it shall be made of fine flour with oil.
ἐὰν δὲ θυσία ἀπὸ τηγάνου τὸ δῶρόν σου, σεμίδαλις ἐν ἐλαίῳ ποιηθήσεται.
А҆́ще же же́ртвꙋ ѿ ѻ҆гни́ща да́ръ тво́й, мꙋка̀ пшени́чна съ є҆ле́емъ да сотворе́на бꙋ́детъ:
And he shall offer the sacrifice which he shall make of these to the Lord, and shall bring it to the priest.
καὶ προσοίσει τὴν θυσίαν, ἣν ἂν ποιήσῃ ἐκ τούτων τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ προσοίσει πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα· καὶ προσεγγίσας πρὸς τὸ θυσιαστήριον
и҆ принесе́тъ же́ртвꙋ, ю҆́же а҆́ще сотвори́тъ ѿ си́хъ гдⷭ҇ꙋ, и҆ да принесе́тъ къ жерцꙋ̀:
And the priest shall approach the altar, and shall take away from the sacrifice a memorial of it, and the priest shall place it on the altar: a burnt offering, a smell of sweet savour to the Lord.
ἀφελεῖ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἀπὸ τῆς θυσίας τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπιθήσει ὁ ἱερεὺς ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον· κάρπωμα, ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας τῷ Κυρίῳ.
и҆ пристꙋпи́въ ко ѻ҆лтарю̀, да ѿи́метъ жре́цъ ѿ же́ртвы па́мѧть є҆ѧ̀, и҆ да возложи́тъ жре́цъ на ѻ҆лта́рь: приноше́нїе вонѧ̀ благово́нїѧ гдⷭ҇ꙋ:
And that which is left of the sacrifice [shall be] for Aaron and his sons, most holy from the burnt-offerings of the Lord.
τὸ δὲ καταλειφθὲν ἀπὸ τῆς θυσίας, ᾿Ααρὼν καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ· ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων ἀπὸ τῶν καρπωμάτων Κυρίου.
ѡ҆ста́нокъ же ѿ же́ртвы а҆арѡ́нꙋ и҆ сынѡ́мъ є҆гѡ̀: ст҃а̑ѧ ст҃ы́хъ ѿ приноше́нїй гдⷭ҇ꙋ.
Ye shall bring them in the way of fruits to the Lord, but they shall not be offered on the altar for a sweet-smelling savour to the Lord.
δῶρον ἀπαρχῆς προσοίσετε αὐτὰ Κυρίῳ, ἐπὶ δὲ τὸ θυσιαστήριον οὐκ ἀναβιβασθήσεται εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας Κυρίῳ.
Ѿ нача́ткѡвъ да принесе́те ѧ҆̀ гдⷭ҇ꙋ: на ѻ҆лта́рь же да не вознесꙋ́тсѧ въ воню̀ благово́нїѧ гдⷭ҇ꙋ.
And every gift of your sacrifice shall be seasoned with salt; omit not the salt of the covenant of the Lord from your sacrifices: on every gift of yours ye shall offer salt to the Lord your God.
καὶ πᾶν δῶρον θυσίας ὑμῶν ἁλὶ ἁλισθήσεται· οὐ διαπαύσατε ἅλας διαθήκης Κυρίου ἀπὸ θυσιασμάτων ὑμῶν, ἐπὶ παντὸς δώρου ὑμῶν προσοίσετε Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ ὑμῶν ἅλας.
И҆ всѧ́къ да́ръ же́ртвы ва́шеѧ со́лїю да ѡ҆соли́тсѧ: да не ѿста́вите со́ли завѣ́та гдⷭ҇нѧ ѿ же́ртвъ ва́шихъ, во всѧ́комъ да́рѣ ва́шемъ да принесе́те гдⷭ҇ꙋ бг҃ꙋ ва́шемꙋ со́ль.
Just as meat, if it is not sprinkled with salt, no matter how great and special it is, becomes rotten, so also the soul, unless it is somehow salted with constant temptations, immediately becomes feeble and soft. For this reason the saying is established that every sacrifice shall be salted with salt.
Homilies on Numbers 27:12
Hence in Leviticus every gift, unless it is seasoned with salt, is forbidden to be offered as an oblation to the Lord God. Now the whole spiritual meditation of the Scriptures is given to us as salt which stings in order to benefit and which disinfects. Without [this] it is impossible for a soul, by means of reason, to be brought to the Almighty; for “you are the salt of the earth,” said the Lord to the apostles.
Banquet of the Ten Virgins 1.1
If indeed the soul takes refuge in God, believes and seeks the salt of life which is the good and person-loving Spirit, then the heavenly salt comes and kills those ugly worms. The Spirit takes away the awful stench and cleanses the soul by the strength of his salt. Thus the soul is brought back to health and freed from its wounds by the true salt in order to be again useful and ordered to serve the heavenly Lord. That is why even in the law God uses this example when he ordered that all sacrifices be salted with salt.
Homily 1.5
Salt is good, and every offering must be sprinkled with it. Therefore also the apostle has given the commandment: “Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt.” But “if the salt have lost his savor,” it is cast out.
Letter 125.1
And if thou wouldest offer a sacrifice of first-fruits to the Lord, [it shall be] new grains ground [and] roasted for the Lord; so shalt thou bring the sacrifice of the first-fruits.
ἐὰν δὲ προσφέρῃς θυσίαν πρωτογεννημάτων τῷ Κυρίῳ, νέα πεφρυγμένα χίδρα ἐρικτὰ τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ προσοίσεις τὴν θυσίαν τῶν πρωτογεννημάτων
А҆́ще же принесе́ши же́ртвꙋ ѿ нача́ткѡвъ жи̑тъ гдⷭ҇ꙋ, нѡ́вы спрѧ́жєны зелє́ны кла́сы и҆стла́чєны гдⷭ҇ꙋ, и҆ принесе́ши же́ртвꙋ ѿ нача́ткѡвъ жи̑тъ:
There are indeed four types of sacrifices that were commended. Whether they were new of new things, or roasted, or divided, or continuous. The new of new things were in the first time of the year, which were valued for their appearance in the firstfruits: but now it has been revealed that they signify those who are renewed through the sacraments of baptism. For this is truly the primitive sacrifice, when each person offers themselves as a victim, and begins with themselves, so that they may later be able to offer their own gift.
On Cain and Abel 2.6.19
And thou shalt pour oil upon it, and shalt put frankincense on it: it is a sacrifice.
καὶ ἐπιχεεῖς ἐπ᾿ αὐτὴν ἔλαιον καὶ ἐπιθήσεις ἐπ᾿ αὐτὴν λίβανον· θυσία ἐστί.
и҆ да возлїе́ши на ню̀ є҆ле́й, и҆ да возложи́ши на ню̀ лїва́нъ: же́ртва є҆́сть:
And the priest shall offer the memorial of it [taken] from the grains with the oil, and all its frankincense: it is a burnt-offering to the Lord.
καὶ ἀνοίσει ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς ἀπὸ τῶν χίδρων σὺν τῷ ἐλαίῳ καὶ πάντα τὸν λίβανον αὐτῆς· κάρπωμά ἐστι τῷ Κυρίῳ.
и҆ да вознесе́тъ жре́цъ па́мѧть є҆ѧ̀ ѿ спрѧ́женыхъ съ є҆ле́емъ, и҆ ве́сь лїва́нъ є҆ѧ̀: прино́съ є҆́сть гдⷭ҇ꙋ.
Ye shall not leaven any sacrifice which ye shall bring to the Lord; for [as to] any leaven, or any honey, ye shall not bring of it to offer a gift to the Lord.
Πᾶσαν θυσίαν, ἣν ἂν προσφέρητε Κυρίῳ, οὐ ποιήσετε ζυμωτόν· πᾶσαν γὰρ ζύμην καὶ πᾶν μέλι οὐ προσοίσετε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, καρπῶσαι Κυρίῳ.
Всѧ́кꙋ же́ртвꙋ, ю҆́же а҆́ще прино́сите гдⷭ҇ꙋ, не сотвори́те ква́снꙋ: всѧ́къ бо ква́съ и҆ всѧ́къ ме́дъ да не принесе́те ѿ негѡ̀, є҆́же приноси́ти гдⷭ҇ꙋ да́ръ.