Jeremiah 33
Commentary from 4 fathers
IN THE BEGINNING OF THE REIGN OF KING JOAKIM SON OF JOSIAS THERE CAME THIS WORD FROM THE LORD.
(Μασ. ΚΣΤ´) - ΕΝ ἀρχῇ βασιλέως ᾿Ιωακεὶμ υἱοῦ ᾿Ιωσία ἐγενήθη ὁ λόγος οὗτος παρὰ Κυρίου·
И҆ бы́сть сло́во гдⷭ҇не ко і҆еремі́и втори́цею, то́йже бѧ́ше є҆щѐ свѧ́занъ во дворѣ̀ темни́чнѣмъ, гл҃ѧ:
Peradventure they will hear, and turn every one from his evil way: then I will cease from the evils which I purpose to do to them, because of their evil practices.
ἴσως ἀκούσονται καὶ ἀποστραφήσονται ἕκαστος ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ αὐτοῦ τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ παύσομαι ἀπὸ τῶν κακῶν, ὧν ἐγὼ λογίζομαι τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτοῖς ἕνεκεν τῶν πονηρῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων αὐτῶν.
возопі́й ко мнѣ̀, и҆ ѿвѣща́ю тѝ и҆ возвѣщꙋ̀ тебѣ̀ вели̑каѧ и҆ крѣ̑пкаѧ, и҆́хже не разꙋмѣ́лъ є҆сѝ.
And thou shalt say, Thus said the Lord; If ye will not hearken to me, to walk in my statutes which I set before you,
καὶ ἐρεῖς· οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος· ἐὰν μὴ ἀκούσητέ μου τοῦ πορεύεσθαι ἐν τοῖς νομίμοις μου, οἷς ἔδωκα κατὰ πρόσωπον ὑμῶν,
Ꙗ҆́кѡ та́кѡ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь бг҃ъ і҆и҃левъ ѡ҆ домѣ́хъ гра́да сегѡ̀ и҆ ѡ҆ хра́мѣхъ царѧ̀ і҆ꙋ́дина, расте́рзанныхъ на ѻ҆стро́ги и҆ на забра̑ла,
to hearken to the words of my servants the prophets, whom I send to you early in the morning; yea, I sent them, but ye hearkened not to me;
εἰσακούειν τῶν λόγων τῶν παίδων μου τῶν προφητῶν, οὓς ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω πρὸς ὑμᾶς ὄρθρου, καὶ ἀπέστειλα καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσατέ μου,
є҆́же проти́витисѧ ко халде́ємъ, и҆ напо́лню є҆го̀ ме́ртвыми человѣ̑ки, и҆̀хже порази́хъ во гнѣ́вѣ мое́мъ и҆ въ ꙗ҆́рости мое́й, и҆ ѿврати́хъ лицѐ моѐ ѿ ни́хъ всѣ́хъ ра́ди ѕло́бъ и҆́хъ.
then will I make this house as Selo, and I will make [this] city a curse to all the nations of all the earth.
καὶ δώσω τὸν οἶκον τοῦτον ὥσπερ Σηλὼ καὶ τὴν πόλιν δώσω εἰς κατάραν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι πάσης τῆς γῆς.
Сѐ, а҆́зъ наведꙋ̀ на нѧ̀ срастѣ́нїе ꙗ҆́звы и҆ и҆сцѣле́нїе, и҆ и҆зврачꙋ́ю ѧ҆̀ и҆ ꙗ҆влю̀ и҆̀мъ, є҆́же слꙋ́шати, и҆ и҆сцѣлю̀ ѧ҆̀ и҆ сотворю̀ и҆̀мъ ми́ръ и҆ вѣ́рꙋ:
And the priests, and the false prophets, and all the people heard Jeremias speaking these words in the house of the Lord.
καὶ ἤκουσαν οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς τοῦ ῾Ιερεμίου λαλοῦντος τοὺς λόγους τούτους ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου.
и҆ ѡ҆бращꙋ̀ преселе́нїе і҆ꙋ́дино и҆ преселе́нїе і҆и҃лево, и҆ сограждꙋ̀ ѧ҆̀, ꙗ҆́коже и҆ пре́жде,
And it came to pass, when Jeremias had ceased speaking all that the Lord had ordered him to speak to all the people, that the priests and the false prophets and all the people took him, saying,
καὶ ἐγένετο ῾Ιερεμίου παυσαμένου λαλοῦντος πάντα, ἃ συνέταξε Κύριος αὐτῷ λαλῆσαι παντὶ τῷ λαῷ, καὶ συνελάβοσαν αὐτὸν οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς λέγων· θανάτῳ ἀποθανῇ,
и҆ ѡ҆чи́щꙋ ѧ҆̀ ѿ всѣ́хъ непра́вдъ и҆́хъ, и҆́миже согрѣши́ша мѝ, и҆ млⷭ҇тивъ бꙋ́дꙋ всѣ̑мъ непра́вдамъ и҆́хъ, и҆́миже ѿстꙋпи́ша ѿ менє̀.
Thou shalt surely die, because thou hast prophesied in the name of the Lord, saying, This house shall be as Selo, and this city shall be made quite destitute of inhabitants. And all the people assembled against Jeremias in the house of the Lord.
ὅτι ἐπροφήτευσας τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου λέγων· ὥσπερ Σηλὼ ἔσται ὁ οἶκος οὗτος καὶ ἡ πόλις αὕτη ἐρημωθήσεται ἀπὸ κατοικούντων· καὶ ἐξεκκλησιάσθη πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ἐπὶ ῾Ιερεμίαν ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου. -
И҆ бꙋ́детъ въ весе́лїе и҆ во хвалꙋ̀ и҆ въ вели́чїе всѣ̑мъ лю́демъ землѝ, и҆̀же ᲂу҆слы́шатъ всѧ̑ благѡты̀, ꙗ҆̀же а҆́зъ сотворю̀ и҆̀мъ, и҆ ᲂу҆боѧ́тсѧ, и҆ ѡ҆горча́тсѧ ѡ҆ всѣ́хъ благота́хъ и҆ ѡ҆ все́мъ ми́рѣ, є҆го́же а҆́зъ сотворю̀ и҆̀мъ.
And the princes of Juda heard this word, and they went up out of the house of the king to the house of the Lord, and sat in the entrance of the new gate.
Καὶ ἤκουσαν οἱ ἄρχοντες ᾿Ιούδα τὸν λόγον τοῦτον καὶ ἀνέβησαν ἐξ οἴκου τοῦ βασιλέως εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου καὶ ἐκάθισαν ἐν προθύροις πύλης Κυρίου τῆς καινῆς.
Та́кѡ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь: є҆щѐ ᲂу҆слы́шитсѧ въ се́мъ мѣ́стѣ, ѡ҆ не́мже вы̀ глаго́лете: пꙋ́сто є҆́сть ѿ человѣ̑къ и҆ ѿ скѡ́тъ, во градѣ́хъ і҆ꙋ́диныхъ и҆ внѣ̀ і҆ерⷭ҇ли́ма, ѡ҆пꙋстѣ́вшихъ, поне́же нѣ́сть человѣ́ка, ни скота̀,
Then the priests and the false prophets said to the princes and to all the people, The judgment of death [is due] to this man; because he has prophesied against this city, as ye have heard with your ears.
καὶ εἶπαν οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ· κρίσις θανάτου τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ, ὅτι ἐπροφήτευσε κατὰ τῆς πόλεως ταύτης, καθὼς ἠκούσατε ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ὑμῶν.
гла́съ весе́лїѧ и҆ гла́съ ра́дости, гла́съ жениха̀ и҆ гла́съ невѣ́сты, гла́съ глаго́лющихъ: и҆сповѣ́дайтесѧ гдⷭ҇еви Вседержи́телю, ꙗ҆́кѡ бл҃гъ гдⷭ҇ь, ꙗ҆́кѡ въ вѣ́къ млⷭ҇ть є҆гѡ̀: и҆ принесꙋ́тъ да́ры похвале́нїѧ въ до́мъ гдⷭ҇ень, ꙗ҆́кѡ возвращꙋ̀ всѐ преселе́нїе землѝ тоѧ̀ по пре́жнемꙋ, речѐ гдⷭ҇ь.
Then Jeremias spoke to the princes, and to all the people, saying, The Lord sent me to prophesy against this house and against this city, all the words which ye have heard.
καὶ εἶπεν ῾Ιερεμίας πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ λέγων· Κύριος ἀπέστειλέ με προφητεῦσαι ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον τοῦτον καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην πάντας τοὺς λόγους, οὓς ἠκούσατε.
Та́кѡ гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь си́лъ: є҆щѐ бꙋ́дꙋтъ на се́мъ мѣ́стѣ пꙋстѣ́мъ, за є҆́же не бы́ти человѣ́кꙋ, ни скотꙋ̀, во всѣ́хъ градѣ́хъ є҆гѡ̀ ѡ҆бита̑лища пастꙋхѡ́въ пасꙋ́щихъ ѻ҆́вцы,
And now amend your ways and your works, and hearken to the voice of the Lord; and the Lord shall cease from the evils which he has pronounced against you.
καὶ νῦν βελτίους ποιήσατε τὰς ὁδοὺς ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ ἔργα ὑμῶν καὶ ἀκούσατε τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου, καὶ παύσεται Κύριος ἀπὸ τῶν κακῶν, ὧν ἐλάλησεν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς.
во градѣ́хъ го́рнихъ и҆ во градѣ́хъ по́льныхъ, и҆ во градѣ́хъ наге́въ и҆ въ землѝ венїамі́ни, и҆ во ѡ҆кре́стныхъ і҆ерⷭ҇ли́ма и҆ во градѣ́хъ і҆ꙋ́диныхъ, є҆щѐ по́йдꙋтъ ѻ҆́вцы къ рꙋцѣ̀ и҆счислѧ́ющагѡ, гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь.
And behold, I am in your hands; do to me as is expedient, and as it is best for you.
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐν χερσὶν ὑμῶν· ποιήσατέ μοι ὡς συμφέρει καὶ ὡς βέλτιον ὑμῖν.
Сѐ, дні́е грѧдꙋ́тъ, речѐ гдⷭ҇ь, и҆ возста́влю сло́во бл҃го, є҆́же гл҃ахъ къ до́мꙋ і҆и҃левꙋ и҆ къ до́мꙋ і҆ꙋ́динꙋ.
But know for a certainty, that if ye slay me, ye bring innocent blood upon yourselves, and upon this city, and upon them that dwell in it; for in truth the Lord has sent me to you to speak in your ears all these words.
ἀλλ’ ἢ γνόντες γνώσεσθε ὅτι, εἰ ἀναιρεῖτέ με, αἷμα ἀθῷον δίδοτε ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐν αὐτῇ· ὅτι ἐν ἀληθείᾳ ἀπέσταλκέ με Κύριος πρὸς ὑμᾶς λαλῆσαι εἰς τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν πάντας τοὺς λόγους τούτους.
Во дне́хъ ѻ҆́нѣхъ и҆ въ то̀ вре́мѧ произрасти́ти сотворю̀ даві́дꙋ ѿра́сль пра́вды, и҆ сотвори́тъ сꙋ́дъ и҆ пра́вдꙋ на землѝ.
But the majesty of the Son of God, in which he is equal with the Father in its garb of a slave’s humility, feared no diminution, required no augmentation. And the very effect of his mercy, which he expended on the restitution of humanity, he was able to bring about solely by the power of his Godhead, thus rescuing the creature that was made in the image of God from the yoke of his cruel oppressor. But because the devil had not shown himself so violent in his attack on the first man as to bring him over to his side without the consent of his free will, the voluntary sin and hostile desires of humanity had to be destroyed in such a way that the standard of justice should not stand in the way of the gift of grace. And therefore in the general ruin of the entire human race there was but one remedy in the secret of the divine plan which could help the fallen, and that was that one of the sons of Adam should be born free and innocent of original transgression, to prevail for the rest both by his example and his merits. Still further, because this was not permitted by natural generation, and because there could be no offspring from our faulty stock without seed, of which the Scripture says, “Who can make a clean thing conceived of an unclean seed? Is it not you who are alone?” David’s Lord was made David’s Son, and sprang from the fruit of the promised branch—One without fault, the twofold nature coming together into one Person, that by one and the same conception and birth might spring our Lord Jesus Christ, in whom was present both true Godhead for the performance of mighty works and true humanity for the endurance of sufferings.
Sermon 28:3
Then the princes and all the people said to the priests and to the false prophets; Judgment of death is not [due] to this man; for he has spoken to us in the name of the Lord our God.
καὶ εἶπον οἱ ἄρχοντες καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς πρὸς τοὺς ἱερεῖς καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ψευδοπροφήτας· οὐκ ἔστι τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ κρίσις θανάτου, ὅτι ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἐλάλησε πρὸς ἡμᾶς.
Во дне́хъ ѻ҆́нѣхъ сп҃се́нъ бꙋ́детъ і҆ꙋ́да, и҆ і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мъ пребꙋ́детъ въ наде́жди: и҆ сїѐ є҆́сть и҆́мѧ, и҆́мже нарекꙋ́тъ є҆го̀: гдⷭ҇ь првⷣнъ на́шъ.
And there rose up men of the elders of the land, and said to all the assembly of the people,
καὶ ἀνέστησαν ἄνδρες τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τῆς γῆς καὶ εἶπαν πάσῃ τῇ συναγωγῇ τοῦ λαοῦ·
Та́кѡ бо речѐ гдⷭ҇ь: не ѡ҆скꙋдѣ́етъ ѿ даві́да мꙋ́жъ сѣдѧ́й на престо́лѣ до́мꙋ і҆и҃лева:
Michaea the Morathite lived in the days of Ezekias king of Juda, and said to all the people of Juda, Thus saith the Lord; Sion shall be ploughed as a field, and Jerusalem shall become a desolation, and the mountain of the house shall be a thicket of trees.
Μιχαίας ὁ Μωραθίτης ἦν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ᾿Εζεκίου βασιλέως ᾿Ιούδα καὶ εἶπε παντὶ τῷ λαῷ ᾿Ιούδα· οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος· Σιὼν ὡς ἀγρὸς ἀροτριαθήσεται, καὶ ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ εἰς ἄβατον ἔσται καὶ τὸ ὄρος τοῦ οἴκου εἰς ἄλσος δρυμοῦ.
и҆ ѿ жерцє́въ и҆ ѿ леѵі́тѡвъ не поги́бнетъ мꙋ́жъ ѿ лица̀ моегѡ̀, приносѧ́й всесожжє́нїѧ и҆ да́ръ и҆ творѧ́й жє́ртвы по всѧ̑ дни̑.
We see the fulfillment of this prophecy as well. When the new covenant was given, in keeping with the divine promise, the priesthood was also given according to the order of Melchizedek, and those to whom it was promised offer the spiritual sacrifice to God continually.
On Jeremiah 7:33.18
Did Ezekias and all Juda in any way slay him? Was it not that they feared the Lord, and they made supplication before the Lord, and the Lord ceased from the evils which he [had] pronounced against them? whereas we have wrought great evil against our own souls.
μὴ ἀνελὼν ἀνεῖλεν αὐτὸν ᾿Εζεκίας καὶ πᾶς ᾿Ιούδα; οὐχ ὅτι ἐφοβήθησαν τὸν Κύριον καὶ ὅτι ἐδεήθησαν τοῦ προσώπου Κυρίου, καὶ ἐπαύσατο Κύριος ἀπὸ τῶν κακῶν, ὧν ἐλάλησεν ἐπ’ αὐτούς; καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐποιήσαμεν κακὰ μεγάλα ἐπὶ ψυχὰς ἡμῶν.
И҆ бы́сть сло́во гдⷭ҇не ко і҆еремі́и гл҃ѧ:
And there was [another] man prophesying in the name of the Lord, Urias the son of Samaeas of Cariathiarim; and he prophesied concerning this land according to all the words of Jeremias.
Καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἦν προφητεύων τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου, Οὐρίας υἱὸς Σαμαίου ἐκ Καριαθιαρίμ, καὶ ἐπροφήτευσε περὶ τῆς γῆς ταύτης κατὰ πάντας τοὺς λόγους ῾Ιερεμίου.
та́кѡ гл҃етъ гдⷭ҇ь: мо́жетъ ли разори́тисѧ завѣ́тъ мо́й со дне́мъ и҆ завѣ́тъ мо́й съ но́щїю, є҆́же не бы́ти дню̀ и҆ но́щи во вре́мѧ своѐ;
20–21As it is impossible for day to become night, so it is impossible for the Davidic monarchy to be destroyed. The fulfillment of this prophecy is also clear: Christ, who is of David according to the flesh, does not occupy the throne here below. He does, however, govern all things as he sits next to the Father.
On Jeremiah 7:33.18
And king Joakim and all the princes heard all his words, and sought to slay him; and Urias heard [it] and went into Egypt.
καὶ ἤκουσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ᾿Ιωακεὶμ καὶ πάντες οἱ ἄρχοντες πάντας τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐζήτουν ἀποκτεῖναι αὐτόν· καὶ ἤκουσεν Οὐρίας καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς Αἴγυπτον.
то̀ и҆ завѣ́тъ мо́й разори́тсѧ съ даві́домъ рабо́мъ мои́мъ, є҆́же не бы́ти ѿ негѡ̀ сы́нꙋ ца́рствꙋющꙋ на престо́лѣ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ съ леѵі̑ты и҆ свѧщє́нники рабы̑ мои́ми.
And the king sent men into Egypt;
καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἄνδρας εἰς Αἴγυπτον,
Ꙗ҆́коже сочтє́ны бы́ти не мо́гꙋтъ ѕвѣ́зды небє́сныѧ, ни и҆змѣ́ренъ бы́ти песо́къ морскі́й, та́кѡ ᲂу҆мно́жꙋ сѣ́мѧ раба̀ моегѡ̀ даві́да и҆ леѵі́ты слꙋжи́тєли моѧ̑.
This is precisely what he also says about the priests and the Levites, noting that their line will be compared with the host of heaven and the sand of the sea. The facts confirm what is said: the whole land and sea are full of high priests and the deacons performing the liturgy of the Levites.
On Jeremiah 7:33.18
and they brought him thence, and brought him into the king; and he smote him with the sword, and cast him into the sepulchre of the children of his people.
καὶ ἐξηγάγοσαν αὐτὸν ἐκεῖθεν καὶ εἰσηγάγοσαν αὐτὸν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτὸν ἐν μαχαίρᾳ καὶ ἔρριψεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ μνῆμα υἱῶν λαοῦ αὐτοῦ.
И҆ бы́сть сло́во гдⷭ҇не ко і҆еремі́и гл҃ѧ:
Nevertheless the hand of Achicam son of Saphan was with Jeremias, to prevent his being delivered into the hands of the people, or being killed.
πλὴν χεὶρ ᾿Αχεικὰμ υἱοῦ Σαφὰν ἦν μετὰ ῾Ιερεμίου τοῦ μὴ παραδοῦναι αὐτὸν εἰς χεῖρας τοῦ λαοῦ τοῦ μὴ ἀνελεῖν αὐτόν.
є҆да̀ не ви́дѣлъ є҆сѝ, что̀ реко́ша лю́дїе сі́и, глаго́люще: два̀ нарѡ́да, и҆̀хже и҆збра̀ гдⷭ҇ь, и҆ сѐ, ѿве́рже ѧ҆̀: и҆ преѡгорчи́ша люді́й мои́хъ, (сегѡ̀ ра́ди) ꙗ҆́кѡ да не бꙋ́детъ ктомꙋ̀ наро́дъ пред̾ ни́ми;
Thus said the Lord; Stand in the court of the Lord’s house, and thou shalt declare to all the Jews, and to all that come to worship in the house of the Lord, all the words which I commanded thee to speak to them; abate not one word.
οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος· στῆθι ἐν αὐλῇ οἴκου Κυρίου καὶ χρηματιεῖς ἅπασι τοῖς ᾿Ιουδαίοις καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς ἐρχομένοις προσκυνεῖν ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου ἅπαντας τοὺς λόγους, οὓς συνέταξά σοι χρηματίσαι αὐτοῖς, μὴ ἀφέλῃς ῥῆμα·
та́кѡ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь, творѧ́й зе́млю и҆ ᲂу҆строѧ́ѧй ю҆̀, є҆́же и҆спра́вити ю҆̀, гдⷭ҇ь и҆́мѧ є҆мꙋ̀: