Exodus 16
Commentary from 13 fathers
And they departed from Aelim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Aelim and Sina; and on the fifteenth day, in the second month after their departure from the land of Egypt,
ΑΠῌΡΑΝ δὲ ἐξ Αἰλεὶμ καὶ ἤλθοσαν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Σίν, ὅ ἐστιν ἀνὰ μέσον Αἰλεὶμ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον Σινά. τῇ δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ τῷ μηνὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἐξεληλυθότων αὐτῶν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου,
Воздвиго́шасѧ же ѿ є҆лі́ма, и҆ прїи́де ве́сь со́нмъ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ въ пꙋсты́ню сі́нъ, ꙗ҆́же є҆́сть междꙋ̀ є҆лі́момъ и҆ междꙋ̀ сі́ною. Въ пѧ́тый же на́десѧть де́нь втора́гѡ мцⷭ҇а и҆зше́дшымъ и҆̀мъ ѿ землѝ є҆гѵ́петскїѧ,
all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron.
διεγόγγυζε πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν καὶ ᾿Ααρών,
возропта̀ ве́сь со́нмъ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ на мѡѷсе́а и҆ а҆арѡ́на,
And the Lord said to Moses, Behold, I [will] rain bread upon you out of heaven: and the people shall go forth, and they shall gather their daily portion for the day, that I may try them whether they will walk in my law or not.
εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ὕω ὑμῖν ἄρτους ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἐξελεύσεται ὁ λαὸς καὶ συλλέξουσι τὸ τῆς ἡμέρας εἰς ἡμέραν, ὅπως πειράσω αὐτούς, εἰ πορεύσονται τῷ νόμῳ μου ἢ οὔ·
Рече́ же гдⷭ҇ь къ мѡѷсе́ю: сѐ, а҆́зъ ѡ҆дождю̀ ва́мъ хлѣ́бы съ небесѐ: и҆ и҆зы́дꙋтъ лю́дїе, и҆ соберꙋ́тъ дово́льное дню̀, на (всѧ́къ) де́нь, ꙗ҆́кѡ да и҆скꙋшꙋ̀ и҆̀хъ, а҆́ще по́йдꙋтъ въ зако́нѣ мое́мъ, и҆лѝ нѝ:
The rain of manna fed the Jewish people for forty years in the desert. It did not by its customary service cause an increase of sprouts from the earth but streamed on the earth like harvested grains. It took away all the toil of human labor and by its pleasant dew offered and spread out heavenly produce for the hungry.
Sermon 166
These incidents are quite well known from our reading of Exodus, for quails rained down like the heaviest shower, and the Jews received manna to get their fill. But to demonstrate that this was a prefiguration, he spoke not of manna but of the bread of heaven, so that the Lord Savior’s coming could be visualized in this blessing, for he is “the living bread which came down from heaven.” The meaning of manna, as was stated at Psalm 77, is “What is this?” He disposed of the problem surrounding the name, and with the statement “He filled them with the bread of heaven,” he explained the answer to the question about manna, for the Lord of heaven is indicated by the phrase, and the nature of manna is clearly acknowledged.
Exposition of the Psalms 104.40
And it shall come to pass on the sixth day that they shall prepare whatsoever they have brought in, and it shall be double of what they shall have gathered for the day, daily.
καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτῃ καὶ ἑτοιμάσουσιν ὃ ἂν εἰσενέγκωσι, καὶ ἔσται διπλοῦν ὃ ἐὰν συναγάγωσι τὸ καθ᾿ ἡμέραν εἰς ἡμέραν.
и҆ бꙋ́детъ въ де́нь шесты́й, и҆ ᲂу҆гото́вѧтъ, є҆́же внесꙋ́тъ, и҆ да бꙋ́детъ сꙋгꙋ́бо, є҆́же собира́ша на всѧ́къ де́нь.
And Moses and Aaron said to all the congregation of the children of Israel, At even ye shall know that the Lord has brought you out of the land of Egypt;
καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν πρὸς πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· ἑσπέρας γνώσεσθε ὅτι Κύριος ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου,
Рече́ же мѡѷсе́й и҆ а҆арѡ́нъ ко всемꙋ̀ со́нмꙋ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ: въ ве́черъ (се́й) ᲂу҆вѣ́сте, ꙗ҆́кѡ гдⷭ҇ь и҆зведе́ вы ѿ землѝ є҆гѵ́петскїѧ,
and in the morning ye shall see the glory of the Lord, inasmuch as he hears your murmuring against God; and who are we, that ye continue to murmur against us?
καὶ πρωΐ ὄψεσθε τὴν δόξαν Κυρίου ἐν τῷ εἰσακοῦσαι τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῷ Θεῷ· ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν ὅτι διαγογγύζετε καθ᾿ ἡμῶν;
и҆ заꙋ́тра ᲂу҆́зрите сла́вꙋ гдⷭ҇ню, внегда̀ ᲂу҆слы́шати гдⷭ҇ꙋ ропта́нїе ва́ше на бг҃а: мы́ же что̀ є҆смы̀, ꙗ҆́кѡ ро́пщете на ны̀;
I shall give you another testimony, my friends, from the Scriptures, that God begat before all creatures a Beginning, [who was] a certain rational power [proceeding] from Himself, who is called by the Holy Spirit, now the Glory of the Lord, now the Son, again Wisdom, again an Angel, then God, and then Lord and Logos; and on another occasion He calls Himself Captain, when He appeared in human form to Joshua the son of Nave (Nun). For He can be called by all those names, since He ministers to the Father's will, and since He was begotten of the Father by an act of will.
Dialogue with Trypho, Chapter LXI
And Moses said, [This shall be] when the Lord gives you in the evening flesh to eat, and bread in the morning to satiety, because the Lord has heard your murmuring, which ye murmur against us: and what are we? for your murmuring is not against us, but against God.
καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς· ἐν τῷ διδόναι Κύριον ὑμῖν ἑσπέρας κρέα φαγεῖν καὶ ἄρτους τὸ πρωΐ εἰς πλησμονὴν διὰ τὸ εἰσακοῦσαι Κύριον τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν, ὃν ὑμεῖς διαγογγύζετε καθ᾿ ἡμῶν· ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν; οὐ γὰρ καθ᾿ ἡμῶν ἐστιν ὁ γογγυσμὸς ὑμῶν· ἀλλ᾿ ἢ κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й: є҆гда̀ да́стъ гдⷭ҇ь ва́мъ въ ве́черъ мѧса̀ ꙗ҆́сти и҆ хлѣ́бы заꙋ́тра до сы́тости, поне́же ᲂу҆слы́ша гдⷭ҇ь ропта́нїе ва́ше, и҆́мже ро́пщете на ны̀: мы́ же что̀ є҆смы̀; не на на́съ бо ропта́нїе ва́ше, но то́чїю на бг҃а.
And Moses said to Aaron, Say to all the congregation of the children of Israel, Come near before God; for he has heard your murmuring.
εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς ᾿Ααρών· εἰπὸν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· προσέλθετε ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ· εἰσακήκοε γὰρ τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й ко а҆арѡ́нꙋ: глаго́ли ко всемꙋ̀ со́нмꙋ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ: прїиди́те пред̾ бг҃а, ᲂу҆слы́ша бо ропта́нїе ва́ше.
And when Aaron spoke to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and they turned toward the wilderness, then the glory of the Lord appeared in a cloud.
ἡνίκα δὲ ἐλάλει ᾿Ααρὼν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ ἐπεστράφησαν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον, καὶ ἡ δόξα Κυρίου ὤφθη ἐν νεφέλῃ.
Є҆гда́ же глаго́лаше а҆арѡ́нъ всемꙋ̀ со́нмꙋ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ, и҆ ѡ҆брати́шасѧ въ пꙋсты́ню, и҆ сла́ва гдⷭ҇нѧ ꙗ҆ви́сѧ во ѡ҆́блацѣ,
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων·
и҆ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь къ мѡѷсе́ю гл҃ѧ:
I have heard the murmuring of the children of Israel: speak to them, saying, Towards evening ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be satisfied with bread; and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God.
εἰσακήκοα τὸν γογγυσμὸν τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· λάλησον πρὸς αὐτοὺς λέγων· τὸ πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἔδεσθε κρέα καὶ τὸ πρωΐ πλησθήσεσθε ἄρτων· καὶ γνώσεσθε ὅτι ἐγὼ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ὑμῶν.
слы́шахъ ропта́нїе сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ: рцы̀ къ ни̑мъ глаго́лѧ: къ ве́черꙋ да снѣ́сте мѧса̀ и҆ заꙋ́тра насы́титесѧ хлѣ́бѡвъ, и҆ ᲂу҆вѣ́сте, ꙗ҆́кѡ а҆́зъ є҆́смь гдⷭ҇ь бг҃ъ ва́шъ.
And it was evening, and quails came up and covered the camp:
ἐγένετο δὲ ἑσπέρα, καὶ ἀνέβη ὀρτυγομήτρα καὶ ἐκάλυψε τὴν παρεμβολήν· τὸ πρωΐ ἐγένετο καταπαυομένης τῆς δρόσου κύκλῳ τῆς παρεμβολῆς
Бы́сть же ве́черъ, и҆ прїидо́ша кра̑стели и҆ покры́ша по́лкъ. Заꙋ́тра же бы́сть спа́дшей росѣ̀ ѡ҆́колѡ полка̀,
in the morning it came to pass as the dew ceased round about the camp, that, behold, on the face of the wilderness [was] a small thing like white coriander seed, as frost upon the earth.
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τῆς ἐρήμου λεπτὸν ὡσεὶ κόριον λευκόν, ὡσεὶ πάγος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
и҆ сѐ, на лицы̀ пꙋсты́ни ме́лко ꙗ҆́кѡ корїа́ндръ, бѣ́ло а҆́ки ле́дъ на землѝ.
But if there are some who have come out of Egypt and, following the pillar of fire and cloud, are entering the wilderness, then he comes down from heaven to them and offers them a small, thin food, like to the food of angels; so that “man eats the bread of angels.”
Commentary on the Song of Songs 1:4
And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another, What is this? for they knew not what it was; and Moses said to them,
ἰδόντες δὲ αὐτὸ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ εἶπαν ἕτερος τῷ ἑτέρῳ· τί ἐστι τοῦτο; οὐ γὰρ ᾔδεισαν, τί ἦν. εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς αὐτοῖς· οὗτος ὁ ἄρτος, ὃν ἔδωκε Κύριος ὑμῖν φαγεῖν·
Оу҆зрѣ́вше же то̀ сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы, рѣ́ша дрꙋ́гъ ко дрꙋ́гꙋ: что́ є҆сть сїѐ; Не вѣ́дѧхꙋ бо, что̀ бѧ́ше. Рече́ же мѡѷсе́й къ ни̑мъ: се́й хлѣ́бъ, є҆го́же дадѐ гдⷭ҇ь ва́мъ ꙗ҆́сти:
“This is the bread that God gave” to you “to eat.” Hear who this bread is: “The word,” Scripture says, “which God has ordained.” This then is the ordination of God; this food nourishes the soul of the wise. It illuminates and it sweetens, resplendent with the gleam of truth and soothing, as if with a honeycomb, by the sweetness of different virtues and the word of wisdom. For “good words are sweeter than a honeycomb,” as it is written in Proverbs.
Letter 64.2
That this is heavenly food is demonstrated by the person speaking: “I shall rain upon you bread from heaven.” Manna is a cause (aition),because God, who waters minds with the dew of wisdom, uses it as an instrument. And manna is a kind of matter (hyle), because souls that see it and taste it are delighted and ask whence it comes, manna which is more splendid that light and sweeter than honey. They can be answered with a chain of quotations from Scripture: “This is the bread that the Lord gave to you to eat,” and “This is the Word of God which God has established” or ordained. By this bread the souls of the prudent are fed and delighted, since it is fair and sweet, illuminating the souls of the hearers with the splendor of truth and drawing them on with the sweetness of the virtues.
Letter 8.7
Manna is interpreted as “What is this?” See whether the very power of the name does not provoke you to learn it, so that when you hear the law of God read in church you may always ask and say to the teachers: What is this? This it is that the manna indicates. Therefore if you want to eat the manna, that is, if you desire to receive the word of God, know that it is small and very fine like the seed of the coriander.
Sermon 102.3
This [is] the bread which the Lord has given you to eat. This is that which the Lord has appointed: gather of it each man for his family, a homer for each person, according to the number of your souls, gather each of you with his fellow-lodgers.
τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ συνέταξε Κύριος· συναγάγετε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας, γομὸρ κατὰ κεφαλὴν κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν, ἕκαστος σὺν τοῖς συσκηνίοις ὑμῶν συλλέξατε.
се́й гл҃го́лъ, є҆го́же завѣща̀ гдⷭ҇ь: собери́те ѿ негѡ̀ кі́йждо на дома̑шнїѧ, гомо́ръ погла́внѡ по числꙋ̀ дꙋ́шъ ва́шихъ, кі́йждо ва́съ съ дома́шними свои́ми собери́те.
Nay, verily, the Holy Spirit is not given by measure, but is poured out altogether on the believer. For if the day rises alike to all, and if the sun is diffused with like and equal light over all, how much more does Christ, who is the true sun and the true day, bestow in His Church the light of eternal life with the like equality! Of which equality we see the sacrament celebrated in Exodus, when the manna flowed down from heaven, and, prefiguring the things to come, showed forth the nourishment of the heavenly bread and the food of the coming Christ. For there, without distinction either of sex or of age, an omer was collected equally by each one.33 Whence it appeared that the mercy of Christ, and the heavenly grace that would subsequently follow, was equally divided among all; without difference of sex, without distinction of years, without accepting of persons, upon all the people of God the gift of spiritual grace was shed. Assuredly the same spiritual grace which is equally received in baptism by believers, is subsequently either increased or diminished in our conversation and conduct; as in the Gospel the Lord's seed is equally sown, but, according to the variety of the soil, some is wasted, and some is increased into a large variety of plenty, with an exuberant fruit of either thirty or sixty or a hundred fold. But, once more, when each was called to receive a penny, wherefore should what is distributed equally by God be diminished by human interpretation?
Epistle LXXV.14
And the children of Israel did so, and gathered some much and some less.
ἐποίησαν δὲ οὕτως οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ συνέλεξαν ὁ τὸ πολὺ καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον.
И҆ сотвори́ша та́кѡ сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы, и҆ собра́ша ѻ҆́въ мно́гѡ, ѻ҆́въ же ма́лѡ:
And having measured the homer [full], he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that had gathered less had no lack; each gathered according to the need of those who belonged to him.
καὶ μετρήσαντες γομόρ, οὐκ ἐπλεόνασεν ὁ τὸ πολύ, καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν· ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας παρ᾿ ἑαυτῷ συνέλεξαν.
и҆ и҆змѣ́ривше гомо́ромъ, не преизбы́точествова и҆́же мно́гѡ, и҆ и҆́же ма́лѡ, не мнѣ́е прїѧ́тъ: кі́йждо на дома́шнихъ свои́хъ собра́ша.
I speak not by commandment, but by occasion of the forwardness of others, and to prove the sincerity of your love. For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that, though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that ye through his poverty might be rich. And herein I give my advice: for this is expedient for you, who have begun before, not only to do, but also to be forward a year ago. Now therefore perform the doing of it; that as there was a readiness to will, so there may be a performance also out of that which ye have. For if there be first a willing mind, it is accepted according to that a man hath, and not according to that he hath not. For I mean not that other men be eased, and ye burdened: But by an equality, that now at this time your abundance may be a supply for their want, that their abundance also may be a supply for your want: that there may be equality: As it is written, He that had gathered much had nothing over; and he that had gathered little had no lack. [Exodus 16:18]
And Moses said to them, Let no man leave of it till the morning.
εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς αὐτούς· μηδεὶς καταλειπέτω ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωΐ.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й къ ни̑мъ: никто́же да ѡ҆ста́витъ на ᲂу҆́трїе ѿ негѡ̀.
But they did not hearken to Moses, but some left of it till the morning; and it bred worms and stank: and Moses was irritated with them.
καὶ οὐκ εἰσήκουσαν Μωυσῇ, ἀλλὰ κατέλιπόν τινες ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωΐ· καὶ ἐξέζεσε σκώληκας καὶ ἐπώζεσε· καὶ ἐπικράνθη ἐπ᾿ αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς.
И҆ не послꙋ́шаша мѡѷсе́а, но ѡ҆ста́виша нѣ́цыи ѿ негѡ̀ на ᲂу҆́трїе, и҆ воскипѣ̀ червьмѝ и҆ возсмердѣ́сѧ. И҆ ѡ҆скорби́сѧ на ни́хъ мѡѷсе́й.
If anyone cannot endure what I have said but still clings to the poverty of worldly things, snatching at the things which undergo diminution, let him call to mind the food of manna. Let him tremble at the example of that punishment. For what happened in that instance, this same result one may now also see in the case of covetous people. But what then happened to them? Worms were bred from their covetousness. This also now happens in their case. For the measure of the food is the same for all. You have but one stomach to fill. Only you who feed luxuriously have more to get rid of. Those who gathered in their houses more than the lawful quantity gathered not manna but more worms and rottenness. Just so both in luxury and in covetousness, the gluttonous and drunken gather not more delicacies but more corruption.
Homilies on 1 Corinthians 40.5
And they gathered it every morning, each man what he needed, and when the sun waxed hot it melted.
καὶ συνέλεξαν αὐτὸ πρωΐ πρωΐ, ἕκαστος τὸ καθῆκον αὐτῷ· ἡνίκα δὲ διεθέρμαινεν ὁ ἥλιος, ἐτήκετο.
И҆ собира́ша ѻ҆́ное ра́нѡ ра́нѡ, кі́йждо надлежа́щее себѣ̀: є҆гда́ же ѡ҆грѣва́ше со́лнце, растаѧва́ше.
And it came to pass on the sixth day, they gathered double what was needed, two homers for one [man]; and all the chiefs of the synagogue went in and reported it to Moses.
ἐγένετο δὲ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτῃ, συνέλεξαν τὰ δέοντα διπλᾶ, δύο γομὸρ τῷ ἑνί· εἰσήλθοσαν δὲ πάντες οἱ ἄρχοντες τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ ἀνήγγειλαν Μωυσῇ·
Бы́сть же въ де́нь шесты́й, собра́ша потре́бное сꙋгꙋ́бѡ, два̀ гомѡ́ра комꙋ́ждо. Прїидо́ша же всѝ кнѧ̑зи со́нма и҆ повѣ́даша мѡѷсе́ю.
And Moses said to them, Is not this the word which the Lord spoke? Tomorrow [is] the sabbath, a holy rest to the Lord: bake that ye will bake, and seethe that ye will seethe, and all that is over leave to be laid by for the morrow.
εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς αὐτούς· οὐ τοῦτο τὸ ρῆμά ἐστιν, ὃ ἐλάλησε Κύριος; σάββατα ἀνάπαυσις ἁγία τῷ Κυρίῳ αὔριον· ὅσα ἐὰν πέσσητε, πέσσετε, καὶ ὅσα ἐὰν ἕψητε, ἕψετε· καὶ πᾶν τὸ πλεονάζον καταλείπετε αὐτὸ εἰς ἀποθήκην εἰς τὸ πρωΐ.
Рече́ же мѡѷсе́й къ ни̑мъ: сїѐ сло́во є҆́сть, є҆́же гл҃а гдⷭ҇ь: сꙋббѡ́та поко́й ст҃ъ гдⷭ҇ꙋ заꙋ́тра: є҆ли̑ка а҆́ще печетѐ, пецы́те, и҆ є҆ли̑ка а҆́ще варитѐ, вари́те, все́ же и҆збы́точное ѡ҆ста́вите въ скро́вѣ на ᲂу҆́трїе.
And they left of it till the morning, as Moses commanded them; and it stank not, neither was there a worm in it.
καὶ κατελίποσαν ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωΐ, καθὼς συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς· καὶ οὐκ ἐπώζεσεν, οὐδὲ σκώληξ ἐγένετο ἐν αὐτῷ.
И҆ ѡ҆ста́виша ѿ тогѡ̀ до ᲂу҆́трїѧ, ꙗ҆́коже заповѣ́да и҆̀мъ мѡѷсе́й: и҆ не возсмердѣ́сѧ, нижѐ че́рвь бы́сть въ не́мъ.
And Moses said, Eat [that] to-day, for to-day is a sabbath to the Lord: [it] shall not be found in the plain.
εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς· φάγετε σήμερον, ἔστι γὰρ σάββατα σήμερον τῷ Κυρίῳ· οὐχ εὑρεθήσεται ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ.
Рече́ же мѡѷсе́й: ꙗ҆ди́те дне́сь, є҆́сть бо сꙋббѡ́та поко́й гдⷭ҇ꙋ: дне́сь не ѡ҆брѧ́щете на по́ли:
Six days ye shall gather it, and on the seventh day is a sabbath, for there shall be none on that [day].
ἓξ ἡμέρας συλλέξετε· τῇ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ σάββατα, ὅτι οὐκ ἔσται ἐν αὐτῇ.
ше́сть дні́й собира́йте, въ седмы́й же де́нь сꙋббѡ́та: ꙗ҆́кѡ не бꙋ́детъ въ не́мъ.
And it came to pass on the seventh day [that] some of the people went forth to gather, and found none.
ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἐξήλθοσάν τινες ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ συλλέξαι καὶ οὐχ εὗρον.
Бы́сть же въ седмы́й де́нь, и҆зыдо́ша нѣ́цыи ѿ люді́й собира́ти, и҆ не ѡ҆брѣто́ша.
And the Lord said to Moses, How long are ye unwilling to hearken to my commands and my law?
εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἕως τίνος οὐ βούλεσθε εἰσακούειν τὰς ἐντολάς μου καὶ τὸν νόμον μου;
Рече́ же гдⷭ҇ь мѡѷсе́ови: доко́лѣ не хо́щете послꙋ́шати за́повѣдїй мои́хъ и҆ зако́на моегѡ̀;
See, for the Lord has given you this day [as] the sabbath, therefore he has given you on the sixth day the bread of two days: ye shall sit each of you in your houses; let no one go forth from his place on the seventh day.
ἴδετε, ὁ γὰρ Κύριος ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν σάββατα τὴν ἡμέραν ταύτην· διὰ τοῦτο αὐτὸς ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτῃ ἄρτους δύο ἡμερῶν· καθήσεσθε ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς οἴκους ὑμῶν, μηδεὶς ἐκπορευέσθω ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὐτοῦ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ.
зри́те: гдⷭ҇ь бо дадѐ ва́мъ сꙋббѡ́тꙋ де́нь се́й: сегѡ̀ ра́ди то́й дадѐ ва́мъ въ де́нь шесты́й хлѣ́ба на два̀ дни̑: сѣди́те кі́йждо ва́съ въ домꙋ̀ свое́мъ ᲂу҆ себє̀, никто́же да и҆схо́дитъ ѿ мѣ́ста своегѡ̀ въ де́нь седмы́й.
Moreover in regard to the celebrated sabbath, a careful reader will see that the command, “You shall sit each one in your dwellings; let none of you go out from his place on the sabbath day,” is an impossible one to observe literally, for no living creature could sit for a whole day and not move from his seat.
On First Principles 4.3.2
And the people kept sabbath on the seventh day.
καὶ ἐσαββάτισεν ὁ λαὸς τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ.
И҆ сꙋббѡ́тствоваша лю́дїе въ де́нь седмы́й.
And the children of Israel called the name of it Man; and it was as white coriander seed, and the taste of it as a wafer with honey.
καὶ ἐπωνόμασαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, μάν· ἦν δὲ ὡσεὶ σπέρμα κορίου λευκόν, τὸ δὲ γεῦμα αὐτοῦ ὡς ἐγκρὶς ἐν μέλιτι.
И҆ прозва́ша сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы и҆́мѧ томꙋ̀ ма́нна: бѧ́ше же ꙗ҆́кѡ сѣ́мѧ корїа́ндрово бѣ́ло, вкꙋ́съ же є҆гѡ̀ а҆́ки мꙋка̀ съ ме́домъ.
The Word of God becomes all these things to each and every one according as the capacity or the desire of the participant requires. In just the same way the manna also, although it was one food, yielded its flavor to each person after his desire. So he does not offer himself only as bread to those who hunger and as wine to those who thirst, but he presents himself also as fragrant apples to those who crave delights.
Commentary on the Song of Songs 3:8
And Moses said, This [is] the thing which the Lord hath commanded, Fill an homer with manna, to be laid up for your generations; that they may see the bread which ye ate in the wilderness, when the Lord led you forth out of the land of Egypt.
εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς· τοῦτο τὸ ρῆμα, ὃ συνέταξε Κύριος· πλήσατε τὸ γομὸρ τοῦ μὰν εἰς ἀποθήκην εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν, ἵνα ἴδωσι τὸν ἄρτον, ὃν ἐφάγετε ὑμεῖς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, ὡς ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς Κύριος ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου.
Рече́ же и҆̀мъ мѡѷсе́й: се́й гл҃го́лъ, є҆го́же завѣща̀ гдⷭ҇ь: напо́лните гомо́ръ ѿ ма́нны въ скро́въ въ ро́ды ва́шѧ: да ви́дѧтъ хлѣ́бъ, є҆го́же ꙗ҆до́сте вы̀ въ пꙋсты́ни, є҆гда̀ и҆зведѐ ва́съ гдⷭ҇ь ѿ землѝ є҆гѵ́петскїѧ.
And Moses said to Aaron, Take a golden pot, and cast into it one full homer of manna; and thou shalt lay it up before God, to be kept for your generations,
καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς πρὸς ᾿Ααρών· λάβε στάμνον χρυσοῦν ἕνα καὶ ἔμβαλε εἰς αὐτὸν πλῆρες τὸ γομὸρ τοῦ μὰν καὶ ἀποθήσεις αὐτὸ ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς διατήρησιν εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν.
И҆ речѐ мѡѷсе́й ко а҆арѡ́нꙋ: возмѝ ста́мнꙋ златꙋ́ю є҆ди́нꙋ и҆ вложѝ въ ню̀ гомо́ръ по́лный ѿ ма́нны, и҆ положи́ши тꙋ́ю пред̾ бг҃омъ въ соблюде́нїе въ ро́ды ва́шѧ.
as the Lord commanded Moses: and Aaron laid it up before the testimony to be kept.
ὃν τρόπον συνέταξε Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ, καὶ ἀπέθηκεν ᾿Ααρὼν ἐναντίον τοῦ μαρτυρίου εἰς διατήρησιν.
Ꙗ҆́коже заповѣ́да гдⷭ҇ь мѡѷсе́ю, положѝ ю҆̀ а҆арѡ́нъ пред̾ свидѣ́нїемъ въ соблюде́нїе.
And the children of Israel ate manna forty years, until they came to the land they ate the manna, until they came to the region of Phoenicia.
οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἔφαγον τὸ μὰν ἔτη τεσσαράκοντα, ἕως ἦλθον εἰς γῆν οἰκουμένην· ἐφάγοσαν τὸ μάν, ἕως παρεγένοντο εἰς μέρος τῆς Φοινίκης.
Сы́нове же і҆и҃лєвы ꙗ҆до́ша ма́ннꙋ лѣ́тъ четы́редесѧть, до́ндеже прїидо́ша въ зе́млю ѡ҆бита́емꙋю, и҆ ꙗ҆до́ша ма́ннꙋ, до́ндеже прїидо́ша во странꙋ̀ фїнїкі́йскꙋю:
Let us also see if we are able to find Quadragesima’s mystical number somewhere else in the Scriptures. We read that holy Moses fed the children of Israel with heavenly manna in the desert for the space of forty years. Good is the number, then, which always opens heaven. Good is the number, I say, by which Noah’s righteousness is preserved and the children of Israel are fed. For this reason let us also observe this number so that the heavens might be opened to us in order that the rain of spiritual grace might fall upon us and the manna of the spiritual sacraments refresh us. For, after the fashion of our fathers, by this observance of Quadragesima we are both made righteous and nourished: we are made righteous by the washing [of baptism] and nourished by the sacraments [of bread and wine].
Sermon 50.3
Now the homer was the tenth part of three measures.
τὸ δὲ γομὸρ τὸ δέκατον τῶν τριῶν μέτρων ἦν.
гомо́ръ же десѧ́таѧ ча́сть тре́хъ мѣ́ръ {Є҆вр.: є҆́фы} бѧ́ше.
Anyway, when the instruction is given to consecrate in a golden vessel the memorial of the food sent down by God from heaven, “the gomor,” it is written, “is a tenth part of three measures.” For our purposes, “three measures” means three sources of judgment: perception of sensible objects; reason, for evaluating sentences, nouns and verbs; and the intellect, for intelligible objects.
The Stromata Book 2
And the children of Israel said to them, Would we had died smitten by the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, and ate bread to satiety! for ye have brought us out into this wilderness, to slay all this congregation with hunger.
καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτοὺς οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραήλ· ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν πληγέντες ὑπὸ Κυρίου ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ὅταν ἐκαθίσαμεν ἐπὶ τῶν λεβήτων τῶν κρεῶν καὶ ἠσθίομεν ἄρτους εἰς πλησμονήν· ὅτι ἐξήγαγε ἡμᾶς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ταύτην ἀποκτεῖναι πᾶσαν τὴν συναγωγὴν ταύτην ἐν λιμῷ.
и҆ реко́ша къ ни̑мъ сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы: ѽ дабы̀ бы́хомъ и҆зме́рли мы̀ ᲂу҆ѧ́звени ѿ гдⷭ҇а въ землѝ є҆гѵ́петстѣй, є҆гда̀ сѣдѧ́хомъ над̾ котлы̑ мѧсны́ми и҆ ꙗ҆до́хомъ хлѣ́бы до сы́тости: ꙗ҆́кѡ и҆зведо́сте ны̀ въ пꙋсты́ню сїю̀ ᲂу҆мори́ти ве́сь со́нмъ се́й гла́домъ.