Exodus 14
Commentary from 16 fathers
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
ΚΑΙ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων·
И҆ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь къ мѡѷсе́ю гл҃ѧ:
Speak to the children of Israel, and let them turn and encamp before the village, between Magdol and the sea, opposite Beel-sepphon: before them shalt thou encamp by the sea.
λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ ἀποστρέψαντες στρατοπεδευσάτωσαν ἀπέναντι τῆς ἐπαύλεως, ἀνὰ μέσον Μαγδώλου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης, ἐξεναντίας Βεελσεπφῶν, ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν στρατοπεδεύσεις ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης.
рцы̀ сынѡ́мъ і҆и҃лєвымъ, и҆ ѡ҆брати́вшесѧ да ѡ҆полча́тсѧ прѧ́мѡ придво́рїю, междꙋ̀ магдѡ́ломъ и҆ междꙋ̀ мо́ремъ, прѧ́мѡ веельсепфѡ́нꙋ: пред̾ ни́ми ѡ҆полчи́шисѧ при мо́ри:
And Pharao will say to his people, As for these children of Israel, they are wandering in the land, for the wilderness has shut them in.
καὶ ἐρεῖ Φαραὼ τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ· οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ πλανῶνται οὗτοι ἐν τῇ γῇ· συγκέκλεικε γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἡ ἔρημος.
и҆ рече́тъ фараѡ́нъ лю́демъ свои̑мъ ѡ҆ сынѣ́хъ і҆и҃левыхъ: заблꙋжда́ютъ сі́и по землѝ, затвори́ бо и҆̀хъ пꙋсты́нѧ:
And I will harden the heart of Pharao, and he shall pursue after them; and I will be glorified in Pharao, and in all his host, and all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord. And they did so.
ἐγὼ δὲ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραώ, καὶ καταδιώξεται ὀπίσω αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐνδοξασθήσομαι ἐν Φαραὼ καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τῇ στρατιᾷ αὐτοῦ, καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι Κύριος. καὶ ἐποίησαν οὕτως.
а҆́зъ же ѡ҆жесточꙋ̀ се́рдце фараѡ́ново, и҆ пожене́тъ созадѝ и҆́хъ, и҆ просла́влюсѧ въ фараѡ́нѣ и҆ во все́мъ во́инствѣ є҆гѡ̀: и҆ ᲂу҆разꙋмѣ́ютъ всѝ є҆гѵ́птѧне, ꙗ҆́кѡ а҆́зъ є҆́смь гдⷭ҇ь. И҆ сотвори́ша та́кѡ.
And it was reported to the king of the Egyptians that the people had fled: and the heart of Pharao was turned, and that of his servants against the people; and they said, What is this that we have done, to let the children of Israel go, so that they should not serve us?
καὶ ἀνηγγέλη τῷ βασιλεῖ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ὅτι πέφευγεν ὁ λαός· καὶ μετεστράφη ἡ καρδία Φαραὼ καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸν λαόν, καὶ εἶπαν· τί τοῦτο ἐποιήσαμεν τοῦ ἐξαποστεῖλαι τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραήλ, τοῦ μὴ δουλεύειν ἡμῖν;
И҆ возвѣще́но бы́сть царю̀ є҆гѵ́петскомꙋ, ꙗ҆́кѡ бѣжа́ша лю́дїе, и҆ преврати́сѧ се́рдце фараѡ́ново и҆ рабѡ́въ є҆гѡ̀ на лю́ди, и҆ реко́ша: что̀ сїѐ сотвори́хомъ, ѿпꙋсти́вше сы́ны і҆и҃лєвы, да не рабо́таютъ на́мъ;
So Pharao yoked his chariots, and led off all his people with himself:
ἔζευξεν οὖν Φαραὼ τὰ ἅρματα αὐτοῦ καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ συναπήγαγε μεθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ
Впрѧжѐ ᲂу҆̀бо фараѡ́нъ колєсни́цы своѧ̑, и҆ всѧ̑ лю́ди своѧ̑ собра̀ съ собо́ю:
having also taken six hundred chosen chariots, and all the cavalry of the Egyptians, and rulers over all.
καὶ λαβὼν ἑξακόσια ἅρματα ἐκλεκτὰ καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν ἵππον τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ τριστάτας ἐπὶ πάντων.
и҆ поѧ́тъ ше́сть сѡ́тъ колесни́цъ и҆збра́нныхъ, и҆ всѧ̑ ко́ни є҆гѵ́пєтскїѧ, и҆ трїста́ты над̾ всѣ́ми.
And the Egyptians pursued after them, and found them encamped by the sea; and all the cavalry and the chariots of Pharao, and the horsemen, and his host [were] before the village, over against Beel-sepphon.
καὶ κατεδίωξαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ εὕροσαν αὐτοὺς παρεμβεβληκότας παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἵππος καὶ τὰ ἅρματα Φαραὼ καὶ οἱ ἱππεῖς καὶ ἡ στρατιὰ αὐτοῦ ἀπέναντι τῆς ἐπαύλεως ἐξεναντίας Βεελσεπφῶν.
И҆ погна́ша є҆гѵ́птѧне в̾слѣ́дъ и҆́хъ, и҆ ѡ҆брѣто́ша и҆̀хъ ѡ҆полчи́вшихсѧ при мо́ри: и҆ всѧ̑ ко́ни и҆ колєсни́цы фараѡ́нѡвы, и҆ кѡ́нницы, и҆ во́инство є҆гѡ̀ прѧ́мѡ придво́рїю, проти́вꙋ веельсепфѡ́на.
And Pharao approached, and the children of Israel having looked up, beheld, and the Egyptians encamped behind them: and they were very greatly terrified, and the children of Israel cried to the Lord;
καὶ Φαραὼ προσῆγε· καὶ ἀναβλέψαντες οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ὁρῶσι, καὶ οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ἐστρατοπέδευσαν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν σφόδρα· ἀνεβόησαν δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ πρὸς Κύριον,
И҆ фараѡ́нъ приближа́шесѧ. Воззрѣ́вше же сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы ѻ҆чи́ма, ви́дѣша: и҆ сѐ, є҆гѵ́птѧне ѡ҆полчи́шасѧ в̾слѣ́дъ и҆́хъ: и҆ ᲂу҆боѧ́шасѧ ѕѣлѡ̀, и҆ возопи́ша сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы ко гдⷭ҇ꙋ
and said to Moses, Because there were no graves in the land of Egypt, hast thou brought us forth to slay [us] in the wilderness? What is this that thou hast done to us, having brought us out of Egypt?
καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς Μωυσῆν· παρὰ τὸ μὴ ὑπάρχειν μνήματα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐξήγαγες ἡμᾶς θανατῶσαι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ; τί τοῦτο ἐποίησας ἡμῖν ἐξαγαγὼν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου;
и҆ реко́ша къ мѡѷсе́ю: за є҆́же не бы́ти гробѡ́мъ во є҆гѵ́птѣ, и҆зве́лъ є҆сѝ на́съ ᲂу҆мертви́ти въ пꙋсты́ни: что̀ сїѐ сотвори́лъ є҆сѝ на́мъ, и҆зве́дъ на́съ и҆з̾ є҆гѵ́пта;
Is not this the word which we spoke to thee in Egypt, saying, Let us alone that we may serve the Egyptians? for it is better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in this wilderness.
οὐ τοῦτο ἦν τὸ ῥῆμα, ὃ ἐλαλήσαμεν πρὸς σὲ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, λέγοντες· πάρες ἡμᾶς, ὅπως δουλεύσωμεν τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις; κρεῖσσον γὰρ ἡμᾶς δουλεύειν τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις ἢ ἀποθανεῖν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ταύτῃ.
не се́й ли бѧ́ше глаго́лъ, є҆го́же реко́хомъ къ тебѣ̀ во є҆гѵ́птѣ, глаго́люще: ѡ҆ста́ви на́съ, да рабо́таемъ є҆гѵ́птѧнѡмъ: лꙋ́чше бо бѧ́ше на́мъ рабо́тати є҆гѵ́птѧнѡмъ, не́жели ᲂу҆мре́ти въ пꙋсты́ни се́й.
And Moses said to the people, Be of good courage: stand and see the salvation which is from the Lord, which he will work for us this day; for as ye have seen the Egyptians to-day, ye shall see them again no more for ever.
εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς τὸν λαόν· θαρσεῖτε, στῆτε καὶ ὁρᾶτε τὴν σωτηρίαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, ἣν ποιήσει ἡμῖν σήμερον· ὃν τρόπον γὰρ ἑωράκατε τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους σήμερον, οὐ προσθήσεσθε ἔτι ἰδεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον·
Рече́ же мѡѷсе́й къ лю́демъ: дерза́йте, сто́йте и҆ зри́те спⷭ҇нїе є҆́же ѿ гдⷭ҇а, є҆́же сотвори́тъ на́мъ дне́сь: и҆́мже бо ѡ҆́бразомъ ви́дѣсте є҆гѵ́птѧнъ дне́сь, не приложитѐ ктомꙋ̀ ви́дѣти и҆̀хъ въ вѣ́чное вре́мѧ:
The Lord shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.
Κύριος πολεμήσει περὶ ὑμῶν, καὶ ὑμεῖς σιγήσετε.
гдⷭ҇ь побо́ретъ по ва́съ, вы́ же ᲂу҆мо́лкните.
and the Lord said to Moses, Why criest thou to me? speak to the children of Israel, and let them proceed.
Εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· τί βοᾷς πρός με; λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ ἀναζευξάτωσαν·
И҆ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь къ мѡѷсе́ю: что̀ вопїе́ши ко мнѣ̀; рцы̀ сынѡ́мъ і҆и҃лєвымъ, и҆ да пꙋтеше́ствꙋютъ,
But if the mental voice of those who pray should not be extremely loud, though it is not weak, and should they not raise a cry and shout, God still hears those who pray thus. For it is he who says to Moses, “Why do you cry out to me?” when he had not cried out audibly (for this is not recorded in Exodus), but through prayer he had cried out loudly in that voice which is heard by God alone.
Commentary on the Gospel of John 6.101
Or do you not hear how Moses, although he said nothing but met the Lord with his inexpressible groanings, was heard by the Lord, who said, “Why do you cry to me?” God knows how to hear even the blood of a just man, to which no tongue is attached and of which no voice pierces the air. The presence of good works is a loud voice before God.
Exegetic Homilies 22
The word cry in Scripture does not refer to the cry of the voice but to the cry of the heart. In fact, the Lord says to Moses, “Why are you crying out to me?” when Moses had not muttered any cry at all.
Homilies on the Psalms 2
The heart reveals its silent longing, to which the Godhead listens more than to the most thundering voices of nations. He said to Moses, “Why do you cry to me?” although we do not read that Moses had said anything. So the faithful man said that his heart was speaking to the Lord, since he seemed to offer his thoughts by this means.
Exposition of the Psalms 26.8
And do thou lift up thy rod, and stretch forth thy hand over the sea, and divide it, and let the children of Israel enter into the midst of the sea on the dry land.
καὶ σὺ ἔπαρον τῇ ράβδῳ σου καὶ ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ρῆξον αὐτήν, καὶ εἰσελθάτωσαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης κατὰ τὸ ξηρόν.
ты́ же возмѝ же́злъ тво́й и҆ прострѝ рꙋ́кꙋ твою̀ на мо́ре, и҆ расто́ргни є҆̀: и҆ да вни́дꙋтъ сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы посредѣ̀ мо́рѧ по сꙋ́хꙋ:
Moses performed no sign without the mysterious wood, for he received from the Lord a rod to work wonders and prodigies in Egypt. Moreover, as a sign that he had heard things divinely, it was said to him, “Lift up your staff.” God, of course, did not need the assistance of a staff. But it was raised so that we might know how great was the mystery of that future wood which was prefigured by the shadow of this staff.
Sermon 112.4
And lo! I will harden the heart of Pharao and of all the Egyptians, and they shall go in after them; and I will be glorified upon Pharao, and on all his host, and on his chariots and his horses.
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραὼ καὶ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων πάντων, καὶ εἰσελεύσονται ὀπίσω αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐνδοξασθήσομαιἐν Φαραὼ καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἅρμασι καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἵπποις αὐτοῦ.
и҆ сѐ, а҆́зъ ѡ҆жесточꙋ̀ се́рдце фараѡ́ново и҆ всѣ́хъ є҆гѵ́птѧнъ, и҆ вни́дꙋтъ в̾слѣ́дъ и҆́хъ: и҆ просла́влюсѧ въ фараѡ́нѣ и҆ во все́мъ во́инствѣ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ въ колесни́цахъ и҆ въ ко́нехъ є҆гѡ̀,
And all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I am glorified upon Pharao and upon his chariots and his horses.
καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι Κύριος, ἐνδοξαζομένου μου ἐν Φαραὼ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἅρμασι καὶ ἵπποις αὐτοῦ.
и҆ ᲂу҆вѣ́дѧтъ всѝ є҆гѵ́птѧне, ꙗ҆́кѡ а҆́зъ є҆́смь гдⷭ҇ь, є҆гда̀ прославлѧ́юсѧ въ фараѡ́нѣ и҆ въ колесни́цахъ и҆ въ ко́нехъ є҆гѡ̀.
And the angel of God that went before the camp of the children of Israel removed and went behind, and the pillar of the cloud also removed from before them and stood behind them.
ἐξῇρε δὲ ὁ ἄγγελος τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ προπορευόμενος τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν· ἐξῇρε δὲ καὶ ὁ στῦλος τῆς νεφέλης ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν καὶ ἔστη ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν.
Взѧ́тсѧ же а҆́гг҃лъ бж҃їй ходѧ́й пред̾ полко́мъ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ и҆ по́йде созадѝ и҆́хъ, взѧ́тсѧ же и҆ сто́лпъ ѡ҆́блачный ѿ лица̀ и҆́хъ и҆ ста̀ созадѝ и҆́хъ.
And it went between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel, and stood; and there was darkness and blackness; and the night passed, and they came not near to one another during the whole night.
καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ ἔστη· καὶ ἐγένετο σκότος καὶ γνόφος, καὶ διῆλθεν ἡ νύξ, καὶ οὐ συνέμιξαν ἀλλήλοις ὅλην τὴν νύκτα·
И҆ вни́де посредѣ̀ полка̀ є҆гѵ́петска и҆ посредѣ̀ полка̀ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ и҆ ста̀: и҆ бы́сть тьма̀ и҆ мра́къ, и҆ прїи́де но́щь, и҆ не смѣси́шасѧ дрꙋ́гъ съ дрꙋ́гомъ во всю̀ но́щь.
Therefore this darkness of the body has been placed between us and God, like the cloud of old between the Egyptians and the Hebrews. This is perhaps what is meant by “He made darkness his separate place,” namely, our dullness, through which few can see even a little.
Theological Oration 2:12
And it is written also in Exodus that when the ruler of the land of the Egyptians with his warriors was pursuing after the Israelites and was already upon the point of engaging with them in battle, the angel of God stood between the camp of the Israelites and of the Egyptians, and the one came not near the other all the night. There is therefore nothing unbefitting in supposing here also that the holy angel who was the guardian of the synagogue offered supplications in its behalf and prayed for a respite, if perchance yielding to better influence it might yet bring forth fruit.
Homilies on the Gospel of Luke 96
And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the Lord carried back the sea with a strong south wind all the night, and made the sea dry, and the water was divided.
ἐξέτεινε δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ὑπήγαγε Κύριος τὴν θάλασσαν ἐν ἀνέμῳ νότῳ βιαίῳ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα καὶ ἐποίησε τὴν θάλασσαν ξηράν, καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ ὕδωρ.
Простре́ же мѡѷсе́й рꙋ́кꙋ на мо́ре, и҆ возгна̀ гдⷭ҇ь мо́ре вѣ́тромъ ю҆́жнымъ си́льнымъ всю̀ но́щь, и҆ сотворѝ мо́ре сꙋ́шꙋ, и҆ разстꙋпи́сѧ вода̀.
Now the Jews also had crossed the Red Sea, under the leadership of Moses, but there is a great difference here. Moses accomplished everything by praying and in the manner of a servant, whereas Christ acted altogether by his own power. And in the episode of the Red Sea the water gave way by means of the wind which then was blowing, so as to make a passage on dry land, while in this episode a greater wonder took place. Though the sea kept its own nature, even so it carried the Lord on its surface, to bear out that scriptural testimony to one “who walks upon the seas as on a pavement.”
Homilies on the Gospel of John 43
We find that arms have always needed faith, but faith has never needed arms. The rod of faith parted the sea which submerged the army bereft of faith together with its wicked leader.
Poem 26.150
Note how the teachers of the Old and New Testaments differ in their deeds but are paired in glory, for the one Wisdom issued twin laws in the two Testaments, so equal distinction gives the same weight to differing powers. Peter did not divide the sea with a rod, but then Moses did not walk on the waters. However, both have the same bright glory, for the one Creator inspired both the cleavage of the waters with a rod and the treading of the waves underfoot.
Poem 26.366
And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea on the dry land, and the water of it was a wall on the right hand and a wall on the left.
καὶ εἰσῆλθον οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης κατὰ τὸ ξηρόν, καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτῆς τεῖχος ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ τεῖχος ἐξ εὐωνύμων·
И҆ внидо́ша сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы посредѣ̀ мо́рѧ по сꙋ́хꙋ, и҆ вода̀ и҆̀мъ стѣна̀ бы́сть ѡ҆деснꙋ́ю и҆ стѣна̀ ѡ҆шꙋ́юю.
How hard a temptation it is to pass through the midst of the sea, to see the waves rise piled up, to hear the noise and rumbling of the raging waters! But if you follow Moses, that is, the law of God, the waters will become for you walls on the right and left, and you will find a path on dry ground in the midst of the sea. Moreover, it can happen that the heavenly journey that we say the soul takes may hold peril of waters. Great waves may be found there.
Homilies on Numbers 27.10
Again, according to the view of the inspired Paul, the people itself, by passing through the Red Sea, proclaimed the good tidings of salvation by water. The people passed over, and the Egyptian king with his host was engulfed, and by these actions this sacrament was foretold. For even now, whensoever the people is in the water of regeneration, fleeing from Egypt, from the burden of sin, it is set free and saved. But the devil with his own servants (I mean, of course, the spirits of evil) is choked with grief and perishes, deeming the salvation of men to be his own misfortune.
On the Baptism of Christ
This people of God, freed from a great and broad Egypt, is led, as through the Red Sea, that in baptism it may make an end of its enemies. For by the sacrament as it were of the Red Sea, that is by baptism consecrated with the blood of Christ, the pursuing Egyptians, the sins, are washed away.
Explanation of the Psalms 107.3
And the Egyptians pursued them and went in after them, and every horse of Pharao, and his chariots, and his horsemen, into the midst of the sea.
καὶ κατεδίωξαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ εἰσῆλθον ὀπίσω αὐτῶν, πᾶς ἵππος Φαραὼ καὶ τὰ ἅρματα καὶ οἱ ἀναβάται, εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης.
Погна́ша же є҆гѵ́птѧне и҆ внидо́ша в̾слѣ́дъ и҆́хъ, и҆ всѧ́къ ко́нь фараѡ́новъ, и҆ колєсни́цы, и҆ вса́дники посредѣ̀ мо́рѧ.
And it came to pass in the morning watch that the Lord looked forth on the camp of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and cloud, and troubled the camp of the Egyptians,
ἐγενήθη δὲ ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ τῇ ἑωθινῇ καὶ ἐπέβλεψε Κύριος ἐπὶ τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐν στύλῳ πυρὸς καὶ νεφέλης καὶ συνετάραξε τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων
Бы́сть же въ стра́жꙋ ᲂу҆́треннюю, и҆ воззрѣ̀ гдⷭ҇ь на по́лкъ є҆гѵ́петскїй въ столпѣ̀ ѻ҆́гненнѣмъ и҆ ѡ҆́блачнѣмъ, и҆ смѧтѐ по́лкъ є҆гѵ́петскїй,
and bound the axle-trees of their chariots, and caused them to go with difficulty; and the Egyptians said, Let us flee from the face of Israel, for the Lord fights for them against the Egyptians.
καὶ συνέδησε τοὺς ἄξονας τῶν ἁρμάτων αὐτῶν καὶ ἤγαγεν αὐτοὺς μετὰ βίας. καὶ εἶπαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι· φύγωμεν ἀπὸ προσώπου ᾿Ισραήλ, ὁ γὰρ Κύριος πολεμεῖ περὶ αὐτῶν τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους.
и҆ свѧза̀ ѡ҆́си колесни́цъ и҆́хъ, и҆ ведѧ́ше и҆̀хъ съ нꙋ́ждею. И҆ реко́ша є҆гѵ́птѧне: бѣжи́мъ ѿ лица̀ і҆и҃лева, гдⷭ҇ь бо побора́етъ по ни́хъ на є҆гѵ́птѧны.
The Egyptians pursued the Hebrews with no fear of the darkness that separated them from the Hebrews and without being disturbed by the sea that was divided. During the night, through a sea that was divided, they went rushing forward to do battle with the people who were led by the column of fire. During the morning watch, the Lord appeared to the Egyptians and threw them into confusion. He clogged the wheels of their chariots so that they could neither pursue the people nor escape from the sea. But they did not fear the Lord who appeared to them, and they were not deterred by their wheels that were clogged. They boldly drove their chariots with full force.
Commentary on Exodus 14:5
And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch forth thine hand over the sea, and let the water be turned back to its place, and let it cover the Egyptians [coming] both upon the chariots and the riders.
εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ἀποκαταστήτω τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ ἐπικαλυψάτω τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους, ἐπί τε τὰ ἅρματα καὶ τοὺς ἀναβάτας.
И҆ речѐ гдⷭ҇ь къ мѡѷсе́ю: прострѝ рꙋ́кꙋ твою̀ на мо́ре, и҆ да совокꙋпи́тсѧ вода̀ и҆ да покры́етъ є҆гѵ́птѧны, колєсни́цы же и҆ вса́дники.
And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the water returned to its place toward day; and the Egyptians fled from the water, and the Lord shook off the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.
ἐξέτεινε δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ἀποκατέστη τὸ ὕδωρ πρὸς ἡμέραν ἐπὶ χώρας· οἱ δὲ Αἰγύπτιοι ἔφυγον ὑπὸ τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ ἐξετίναξε Κύριος τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης.
Простре́ же мѡѷсе́й рꙋ́кꙋ на мо́ре, и҆ ᲂу҆стро́исѧ вода̀ ко дню̀ на мѣ́сто: є҆гѵ́птѧне же бѣжа́ша под̾ водо́ю, и҆ и҆стрѧсѐ гдⷭ҇ь є҆гѵ́птѧны посредѣ̀ мо́рѧ:
But after that the surface of the sea became one again, and the temporary gap was flooded over. So this remains a unique event which occurred in such a way that the marvel did not lose credibility because of the passage of time, since it continues to be testified to by visible traces. That is the way the affair of the marshy lake is both described and shown.
The Life of Gregory the Wonderworker 7.55
The Hebrews proceeded safely over the dry passage, and the masses of stationary water collapsed behind them. The entire Egyptian multitude with their king was overwhelmed and killed, and the entire province, which had previously been tortured by plagues, became empty by this last slaughter. Even today there exists most reliable evidence of these events. For the tracks of chariots and the ruts made by the wheels are visible not only on the shore but also in the deep, as far as sight can reach. And if perchance for the moment they are disturbed either accidentally or purposely, they are immediately restored through divine providence by winds and waves to their original appearances, so that whoever is not taught to fear God by the study of revealed religion may be terrified by his anger through this example of his accomplished vengeance.
Seven Books of History Against the Pagans 1.10
and the water returned and covered the chariots and the riders, and all the forces of Pharao, who entered after them into the sea: and there was not left of them even one.
καὶ ἐπαναστραφὲν τὸ ὕδωρ ἐκάλυψε τὰ ἅρματα καὶ τοὺς ἀναβάτας καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν Φαραώ, τοὺς εἰσπορευομένους ὀπίσω αὐτῶν, εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ οὐ κατελήφθη ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐδὲ εἷς.
и҆ ѡ҆брати́вшисѧ вода̀ покры̀ колєсни́цы и҆ вса́дники и҆ всю̀ си́лꙋ фараѡ́новꙋ, вше́дши в̾слѣ́дъ и҆́хъ въ мо́ре: и҆ не ѡ҆ста̀ ѿ ни́хъ ни є҆ди́нъ.
Pharaoh and his army and all the leaders of Egypt, “the chariots and their riders,” were drowned in the Red Sea and perished for no other reason than that their foolish hearts were hardened, after the working of signs and wonders in the land of Egypt by God’s servant Moses.
Letter to the Corinthians 51
The waters of the sea were held back yet at the same time surrounding the Hebrews. They then poured back and brought death upon the Egyptians, so that they destroyed one people and saved the other. What too do we find in the Gospel itself? Did not our Lord show there that the sea grew calm at his word, that the storm clouds of heaven were scattered, that the blasts of the winds subsided and that the dumb elements obeyed him and the shores were quieted?
On His Brother, Satyrus 2.74
But the children of Israel went along dry land in the midst of the sea, and the water was to them a wall on the right hand, and a wall on the left.
οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐπορεύθησαν διὰ ξηρᾶς ἐν μέσῳ τῆς θαλάσσης, τὸ δὲ ὕδωρ αὐτῆς τεῖχος ἐκ δεξιῶν, καὶ τεῖχος ἐξ εὐωνύμων.
Сы́нове же і҆и҃лєвы проидо́ша по сꙋ́хꙋ посредѣ̀ мо́рѧ: вода́ же и҆̀мъ стѣна̀ (бы́сть) ѡ҆деснꙋ́ю и҆ стѣна̀ ѡ҆шꙋ́юю,
So the Lord delivered Israel in that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead by the shore of the sea.
καὶ ἐρρύσατο Κύριος τὸν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἐκ χειρὸς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων· καὶ εἶδεν ᾿Ισραὴλ τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους τεθνηκότας παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης.
и҆ и҆зба́ви гдⷭ҇ь і҆и҃лѧ въ де́нь ѡ҆́нъ и҆з̾ рꙋкѝ є҆гѵ́петскїѧ: и҆ ви́дѣша сы́нове і҆и҃лєвы є҆гѵ́птѧнъ и҆зме́ршихъ при краѝ мо́рѧ.
And Israel saw the mighty hand, the [things] which the Lord did to the Egyptians; and the people feared the Lord, and they believed God and Moses his servant.
εἶδε δὲ ᾿Ισραὴλ τὴν χεῖρα τὴν μεγάλην, ἃ ἐποίησε Κύριος τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις· ἐφοβήθη δὲ ὁ λαὸς τὸν Κύριον καὶ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Μωυσῇ τῷ θεράποντι αὐτοῦ.
Ви́дѣ же і҆и҃ль рꙋ́кꙋ вели́кꙋю, ꙗ҆̀же сотворѝ гдⷭ҇ь є҆гѵ́птѧнѡмъ, и҆ ᲂу҆боѧ́шасѧ лю́дїе гдⷭ҇а и҆ вѣ́роваша бг҃ꙋ и҆ мѡѷсе́ю ᲂу҆го́дникꙋ є҆гѡ̀.
But belief in Moses not only does not show our belief in the Spirit to be worthless, but, if we adopt our opponents’ line of argument, it rather weakens our confession in the God of the universe. “The people,” it is written, “believed the Lord and his servant Moses.” Moses then is joined with God, not with the Spirit; and he was a type not of the Spirit but of Christ.
On the Spirit 14.33
And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao king of Egypt, and of his servants, and he pursued after the children of Israel; and the children of Israel went forth with a high hand.
καὶ ἐσκλήρυνε Κύριος τὴν καρδίαν Φαραὼ βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατεδίωξεν ὀπίσω τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐξεπορεύοντο ἐν χειρὶ ὑψηλῇ.
И҆ ѡ҆жесточѝ гдⷭ҇ь се́рдце фараѡ́на царѧ̀ є҆гѵ́петскагѡ и҆ рабѡ́въ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ погна̀ созадѝ сынѡ́въ і҆и҃левыхъ. Сы́нове же і҆и҃лєвы и҆схожда́хꙋ рꙋко́ю высо́кою.