Deuteronomy 22

Commentary from 7 fathers

1

When thou seest the calf of thy brother or his sheep wandering in the way, thou shalt not overlook them; thou shalt by all means turn them back to thy brother, and thou shalt restore them to him.

ΜΗ ἰδὼν τὸν μόσχον τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου ἢ τὸ πρόβατον αὐτοῦ πλανώμενα ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ ὑπερίδῃς αὐτά· ἀποστροφῇ ἀποστρέψεις αὐτὰ τῷ ἀδελφῷ σου, καὶ ἀποδώσεις αὐτῷ.

Ви́дѣвъ тельца̀ бра́та твоегѡ̀ и҆лѝ ѻ҆́вцꙋ є҆гѡ̀ заблꙋжда́ющыѧ на пꙋтѝ, да не пре́зриши ѧ҆̀: но возвраще́нїемъ возврати́ши ѧ҆̀ къ бра́тꙋ твоемꙋ̀, и҆ да ѿда́си є҆мꙋ̀.

2

And if thy brother do not come nigh thee, and thou dost not know him, thou shalt bring it into thy house within; and it shall be with thee until thy brother shall seek them, and thou shalt restore them to him.

ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἐγγίζῃ ὁ ἀδελφός σου πρὸς σὲ μηδὲ ἐπίστῃ αὐτόν, συνάξεις αὐτὰ ἔνδον εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν σου, καὶ ἔσται μετά σοῦ, ἕως ἂν ζητήσῃ αὐτὰ ὁ ἀδελφός σου, καὶ ἀποδώσεις αὐτῷ.

А҆́ще же нѣ́сть бли́з̾ тебє̀ бра́тъ тво́й, нижѐ ᲂу҆вѣ́си є҆го̀, соберѝ ѧ҆̀ внꙋ́трь до́мꙋ твоегѡ̀, и҆ да бꙋ́дꙋтъ ᲂу҆ тебє̀, до́ндеже взы́щетъ и҆̀хъ бра́тъ тво́й, и҆ ѿда́си и҆̀хъ є҆мꙋ̀.

3

Thus shalt thou do to his ass, and thus shalt thou do to his garment, and thus shalt thou do to every thing that thy brother has lost; whatsoever shall have been lost by him, and thou shalt have found, thou shalt not have power to overlook.

οὕτω ποιήσεις τὸν ὄνον αὐτοῦ καὶ οὕτω ποιήσεις τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ καὶ οὕτω ποιήσεις κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀπώλειαν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου, ὅσα ἐὰν ἀπολῆται παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ καὶ εὕρῃς· οὐ δυνήσῃ ὑπεριδεῖν.

Та́кожъ сотвори́ши ѻ҆слѧ́ти є҆гѡ̀, и҆ та́кѡ да сотвори́ши ри́зѣ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ та́кѡ да сотвори́ши всемꙋ̀ погꙋбле́номꙋ бра́та твоегѡ̀: є҆ли̑ка а҆́ще поги́бнꙋтъ ѿ негѡ̀, и҆ ѡ҆брѧ́щеши ѧ҆̀, да не возмо́жеши пренебрещѝ ѧ҆̀.

4

Thou shalt not see the ass of thy brother, or his calf, fallen in the way: thou shalt not overlook them, thou shalt surely help him to raise them up.

οὐκ ὄψῃ τὸν ὄνον τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου ἢ τὸν μόσχον αὐτοῦ πεπτωκότας ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ, μὴ ὑπερίδῃς αὐτούς· ἀνιστῶν ἀναστήσεις μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ.

А҆́ще ᲂу҆ви́диши ѻ҆слѧ̀ бра́та твоегѡ̀ и҆лѝ тельца̀ є҆гѡ̀ па́дшыѧ на пꙋтѝ, да не пре́зриши ѧ҆̀: возставлѧ́ѧ да возста́виши ѧ҆̀ съ собо́ю.

5

The apparel of a man shall not be on a woman, neither shall a man put on a woman’s dress; for every one that does these things is an abomination to the Lord thy God.

Οὐκ ἔσται σκεύη ἀνδρὸς ἐπὶ γυναικί, οὐδὲ μὴ ἐνδύσηται ἀνὴρ στολὴν γυναικείαν, ὅτι βδέλυγμα Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ σού ἐστι πᾶς ποιῶν ταῦτα.

Да не бꙋ́детъ ᲂу҆́тварь мꙋ́жеска на жєнѣ̀, ни да ѡ҆блачи́тсѧ мꙋ́жъ въ ри́зꙋ же́нскꙋ: ꙗ҆́кѡ ме́рзость є҆́сть гдⷭ҇еви бг҃ꙋ твоемꙋ̀ всѧ́къ творѧ́й сїѧ̑.

6

And if thou shouldest come upon a brood of birds before thy face in the way or upon any tree, or upon the earth, young or eggs, and the mother be brooding on the young or the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young ones.

᾿Εὰν δὲ συναντήσῃς νοσσιᾷ ὀρνέων πρὸ προσώπου σου ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ ἢ ἐπὶ παντὶ δένδρῳ ἢ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, νεοσσοῖς ἢ ὠοῖς, καὶ ἡ μήτηρ θάλπῃ ἐπὶ τῶν νεοσσῶν ἢ ἐπὶ τῶν ὠῶν, οὐ λήψῃ τὴν μητέρα μετὰ τῶν τέκνων·

А҆́ще же ᲂу҆лꙋчи́ши гнѣздо̀ пти́чїе пред̾ лице́мъ твои́мъ на пꙋтѝ, и҆лѝ на дре́вѣ нѣ́коемъ, и҆лѝ на землѝ, и҆ въ не́мъ птенцы̀ и҆лѝ ꙗ҆́ица, и҆ ма́ти сѣди́тъ на птенцѣ́хъ и҆лѝ ꙗ҆́ицѣхъ, да не во́змеши ма́тере со птенцы̑:

7

Thou shalt by all means let the mother go, but thou shalt take the young to thyself; that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest live long.

ἀποστολῇ ἀποστελεῖς τὴν μητέρα, τὰ δὲ παιδία λήψῃ σεαυτῷ, ἵνα εὖ σοι γένηται καὶ πολυήμερος γένῃ.

ѿпꙋще́нїемъ да ѿпꙋ́стиши ма́терь, птенцы́ же во́змеши себѣ̀, да бла́го тебѣ̀ бꙋ́детъ и҆ долгоде́нственъ бꙋ́деши.

8

If thou shouldest build a new house, then shalt thou make a parapet to thy house; so thou shalt not bring blood-guiltiness upon thy house, if one should in any wise fall from it.

᾿Εὰν δὲ οἰκοδομήσῃς οἰκίαν καινήν, καὶ ποιήσεις στεφάνην τῷ δώματί σου· καὶ οὐ ποιήσεις φόνον ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ σου, ἐὰν πέσῃ ὁ πεσὼν ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ.

А҆́ще же сози́ждеши до́мъ но́въ, и҆ сотвори́ши ѡ҆гражде́нїе до́мꙋ твоемꙋ̀, и҆ да не сотвори́ши ᲂу҆бі́йства въ домꙋ̀ твое́мъ, а҆́ще паде́тъ пады́й ѿ негѡ̀.

9

Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with diverse seed, lest the fruit be devoted, and whatsoever seed thou mayest sow, with the fruit of thy vineyard.

Οὐ κατασπερεῖς τὸν ἀμπελῶνά σου διάφορον, ἵνα μὴ ἁγιασθῇ τὸ γένημα καὶ τὸ σπέρμα, ὃ ἐὰν σπείρῃς μετὰ τοῦ γενήματος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνός σου.

Да не насѣ́еши вїногра́да твоегѡ̀ разли́чна, да не ѡ҆свѧти́тсѧ пло́дъ, и҆ сѣ́мѧ, є҆́же насѣ́еши съ плодо́мъ вїногра́да твоегѡ̀.

10

Thou shalt not plough with an ox and an ass together.

οὐκ ἀροτριάσεις ἐν μόσχῳ καὶ ὄνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό.

Да не ѡ҆ре́ши ю҆нце́мъ и҆ ѻ҆слѧ́темъ вкꙋ́пѣ.

11

Thou shalt not wear a mingled [garment], woollen and linen together.

οὐκ ἐνδύσῃ κίβδηλον, ἔρια καὶ λίνον, ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ.

Нижѐ да ѡ҆блече́шисѧ въ ри́зꙋ разноли́чнꙋ ѿ льна̀ и҆ волны̀ вкꙋ́пѣ тка́нꙋ.

12

Thou shalt make fringes on the four borders of thy garments, with which soever thou mayest be clothed.

Στρεπτὰ ποιήσεις σεαυτῷ ἐπὶ τῶν τεσσάρων κρασπέ‘δων τῶν περιβολαίων σου, ἃ ἐὰν περιβάλῃ ἐν αὐτοῖς.

Трє́сны да сотвори́ши себѣ̀ на четы́рехъ краѧ́хъ ѻ҆де́жды своеѧ̀, въ ню́же ѡ҆блече́шисѧ.

13

And if any one should take a wife, and dwell with her, and hate her,

᾿Εὰν δέ τις λάβῃ γυναῖκα καὶ συνοικήσῃ αὐτῇ καὶ μισήσῃ αὐτὴν

А҆́ще же кто̀ по́йметъ женꙋ̀ и҆ бꙋ́детъ съ не́ю, и҆ возненави́дитъ ю҆̀,

14

and attach to her reproachful words, and bring against her an evil name, and say, I took this woman, and when I came to her I found not her tokens of virginity:

καὶἐπιθῇ αὐτῇ προφασιστικοὺς λόγους καὶ κατενέγκῃ αὐτῆς ὄνομα πονηρὸν καὶ λέγῃ· τὴν γυναῖκα ταύτην εἴληφα καὶ προσελθὼν αὐτῇ οὐκ εὕρηκα αὐτῆς τὰ παρθένια,

и҆ наложи́тъ на ню̀ ѡ҆бвини́тєльнаѧ словеса̀, и҆ нанесе́тъ на ню̀ и҆́мѧ ѕло́е, и҆ возглаго́летъ: женꙋ̀ сїю̀ поѧ́хъ, и҆ прише́дъ къ не́й, не ѡ҆брѣто́хъ ю҆̀ дѣви́цею:

15

then the father and the mother of the damsel shall take and bring out the damsel’s tokens of virginity to the elders of the city to the gate.

καὶ λαβὼν ὁ πατὴρ τῆς παιδὸς καὶ ἡ μήτηρ ἐξοίσουσι τὰ παρθένια τῆς παιδὸς πρὸς τὴν γερουσίαν ἐπὶ τὴν πύλην,

и҆ взе́мъ ѻ҆те́цъ дѣви́цы и҆ ма́терь, да и҆знесꙋ́тъ дѣви́чєскаѧ ѻ҆трокови́цы пред̾ старѣ̑йшины ко вратѡ́мъ,

16

And the father of the damsel shall say to the elders, I gave this my daughter to this man for a wife;

καὶ ἐρεῖ ὁ πατὴρ τῆς παιδὸς τῇ γερουσίᾳ· τὴν θυγατέρα μου ταύτην δέδωκα τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ γυναῖκα, καὶ μισήσας αὐτὴν

и҆ рече́тъ ѻ҆те́цъ ѻ҆трокови́цы ко старѣ́йшинамъ: дще́рь мою̀ сїю̀ да́хъ мꙋ́жꙋ семꙋ̀ въ женꙋ̀, и҆ нн҃ѣ возненави́дѣвъ ю҆̀ се́й,

17

and now he has hated her, and attaches reproachful words to her, saying, I have not found tokens of virginity with thy daughter; and these [are] the tokens of my daughter’s virginity. And they shall unfold the garment before the elders of the city.

νῦν οὗτος ἐπιτίθησιν αὐτῇ προφασιστικοὺς λόγους λέγων· οὐχ εὕρηκα τῇ θυγατρί σου παρθένια, καὶ ταῦτα τὰ παρθένια τῆς θυγατρός μου· καὶ ἀναπτύξουσι τὸ ἱμάτιον ἐναντίον τῆς γερουσίας τῆς πόλεως.

возлага́етъ є҆́й ѡ҆бвини́тєльнаѧ словеса̀, глаго́лѧ: не ѡ҆брѣто́хъ дще́ре твоеѧ̀ дѣ́вою: и҆ сѐ, дѣви́чєскаѧ дще́ре моеѧ̀: и҆ да разгнꙋ́тъ ри̑зы пред̾ старѣ̑йшины гра́да ѻ҆́нагѡ,

18

And the elders of that city shall take that man, and shall chastise him,

καὶ λήψεται ἡ γερουσία τῆς πόλεως ἐκείνης τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐκεῖνον καὶ παιδεύσουσιν αὐτὸν

и҆ да во́змꙋтъ старѣ̑йшины гра́да ѻ҆́нагѡ мꙋ́жа того̀ и҆ нака́жꙋтъ є҆го̀,

19

and shall fine him a hundred shekels, and shall give [them] to the father of the damsel, because he has brought forth an evil name against a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife: he shall never be able to put her away.

καὶ ζημιώσουσιν αὐτὸν ἑκατὸν σίκλους καὶ δώσουσι τῷ πατρὶ τῆς νεάνιδος, ὅτι ἐξήνεγκεν ὄνομα πονηρὸν ἐπὶ παρθένον ᾿Ισραηλῖτιν· καὶ αὐτοῦ ἔσται γυνή, οὐ δυνήσεται ἐξαποστεῖλαι αὐτὴν τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον.

и҆ да ѡ҆бвинѧ́тъ є҆го̀ сто́мъ сі́клей, и҆ дадѧ́тъ ѻ҆тцꙋ̀ ѻ҆трокови́цы, ꙗ҆́кѡ и҆знесѐ и҆́мѧ ѕло̀ на дѣви́цꙋ і҆и҃льтескꙋ, и҆ (па́ки) да бꙋ́детъ є҆мꙋ̀ жена̀: не возмо́жетъ ѿпꙋсти́ти ю҆̀ во всѧ̑ лѣ̑та.

20

But if this report be true, and the tokens of virginity be not found for the damsel;

ἐὰν δὲ ἐπ᾿ ἀληθείας γένηται ὁ λόγος οὗτος καὶ μὴ εὑρεθῇ παρθένια τῇ νεάνιδι,

А҆́ще же бꙋ́детъ вои́стиннꙋ сло́во сїѐ, и҆ не ѡ҆брѧ́щꙋтсѧ дѣви́чєскаѧ ѻ҆трокови́цѣ,

21

then shall they bring out the damsel to the doors of her father’s house, and shall stone her with stones, and she shall die; because she has wrought folly among the children of Israel, to defile the house of her father by whoring: so thou shalt remove the evil one from among you.

καὶ ἐξάξουσι τὴν νεᾶνιν ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῆς, καὶ λιθοβολήσουσιν αὐτὴν ἐν λίθοις, καὶ ἀποθανεῖται, ὅτι ἐποίησεν ἀφροσύνην ἐν υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκπορνεῦσαι τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῆς· καὶ ἐξαρεῖς τὸν πονηρὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν.

и҆ да и҆зведꙋ́тъ дѣви́цꙋ пред̾ врата̀ до́мꙋ ѻ҆тца̀ є҆ѧ̀, и҆ побїю́тъ ю҆̀ ка́менїемъ мꙋ́жїе гра́дстїи, и҆ да ᲂу҆́мретъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ сотворѝ безꙋ́мїе въ сынѣ́хъ і҆и҃левыхъ, ѡ҆сквернѝ до́мъ ѻ҆тца̀ своегѡ̀: и҆ и҆зми́те ѕло́е ѿ себє̀ сами́хъ.

22

And if a man be found lying with a woman married to a man, ye shall kill them both, the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou remove the wicked one out of Israel.

᾿Εὰν δὲ εὑρεθῇ ἄνθρωπος κοιμώμενος μετὰ γυναικὸς συνῳκισμένης ἀνδρί, ἀποκτενεῖτε ἀμφοτέρους, τὸν ἄνδρα τὸν κοιμώμενον μετὰ τῆς γυναικὸς καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα· καὶ ἐξαρεῖς τὸν πονηρὸν ἐξ ᾿Ισραήλ.

А҆́ще же ѡ҆брѧ́щетсѧ человѣ́къ лежа́й съ жено́ю мꙋжа́тою, ᲂу҆бі́йте ѻ҆бои́хъ, человѣ́ка лежа́щаго съ жено́ю и҆ женꙋ̀: и҆ и҆зми́те ѕло́е ѿ і҆и҃лѧ.

23

And if there be a young damsel espoused to a man, and a man should have found her in the city and have lain with her;

᾿Εὰν δὲ γένηται παῖς παρθένος μεμνηστευμένη ἀνδρὶ καὶ εὑρὼν αὐτὴν ἄνθρωπος ἐν πόλει κοιμηθῇ μετ᾿ αὐτῆς,

А҆́ще же бꙋ́детъ дѣ́ва ѡ҆брꙋче́наѧ мꙋ́жꙋ, и҆ ѡ҆брѣ́тъ ю҆̀ человѣ́къ (дрꙋгі́й) во гра́дѣ, бꙋ́детъ съ не́ю,

24

ye shall bring them both out to the gate of their city, and they shall be stoned with stones, and they shall die; the damsel, because she cried not in the city; and the man, because he humbled his neighbour’s spouse: so shalt thou remove the evil one from yourselves.

ἐξάξετε ἀμφοτέρους ἐπὶ τὴν πύλην τῆς πόλεως αὐτῶν καὶ λιθοβοληθήσονται ἐν λίθοις καὶ ἀποθανοῦνται· τὴν νεᾶνιν, ὅτι οὐκ ἐβόησεν ἐν τῇ πόλει, καὶ τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ὅτι ἐταπείνωσε τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ πλησίον· καὶ ἐξαρεῖς τὸν πονηρὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν.

и҆зведи́те ѻ҆бои́хъ пред̾ врата̀ гра́да и҆́хъ, и҆ побі́йте (ѻ҆бои́хъ) ка́менїемъ, и҆ да ᲂу҆́мрꙋтъ: ѻ҆трокови́цꙋ, поне́же не вопи́ла во гра́дѣ, и҆ мꙋ́жа, поне́же ѡ҆би́дѣ женꙋ̀ бли́жнѧгѡ своегѡ̀: и҆ и҆зми́те ѕло́е ѿ себє̀ сами́хъ.

25

But if a man find in the field a damsel that is betrothed, and he should force her and lie with her, ye shall slay the man that lay with her only.

ἐὰν δὲ ἐν πεδίῳ εὕρῃ ἄνθρωπος τὴν παῖδα τὴν μεμνηστευμένην καὶ βιασάμενος κοιμηθῇ μετ᾿ αὐτῆς, ἀποκτενεῖτε τὸν κοιμώμεμον μετ᾿ αὐτῆς μόνον

А҆́ще же на по́ли ѡ҆брѧ́щетъ человѣ́къ дѣ́вꙋ ѡ҆брꙋче́нꙋю, и҆ наси́ловавъ бꙋ́детъ съ не́ю, ᲂу҆бі́йте человѣ́ка є҆ди́наго бы́вшаго съ не́ю:

26

And the damsel has not [committed] a sin worthy of death; as if a man should rise up against his neighbour, and slay him, so [is] this thing;

καὶ τῇ νεάνιδι οὐ ποιήσετε οὐδέν· οὐκ ἔστιν ἁμάρτημα θανάτου, ὅτι ὡς εἴ τις ἐπαναστῇ ἄνθρωπος ἐπὶ τὸν πλησίον καὶ φονεύσῃ αὐτοῦ ψυχήν, οὕτω τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῦτο,

а҆ ѻ҆трокови́цѣ ничто́же сотвори́те: нѣ́сть бо дѣ́вѣ грѣха̀ сме́ртнагѡ: ꙗ҆́коже а҆́ще кто́ бы воста́лъ на бли́жнѧго своего̀, и҆ ᲂу҆би́лъ бы дꙋ́шꙋ є҆гѡ̀, та́кѡ сїѐ дѣ́ло:

27

because he found her in the field; the betrothed damsel cried, and there was none to help her.

ὅτι ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ εὗρεν αὐτήν, ἐβόησεν ἡ νεᾶνις ἡ μεμνηστευμένη, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ βοηθήσων αὐτῇ.

поне́же на селѣ̀ ѡ҆брѣ́те ю҆̀, возопѝ ѻ҆трокови́ца ѡ҆брꙋче́наѧ, и҆ не бѣ̀ помога́ѧй є҆́й.

28

And if any one should find a young virgin who has not been betrothed, and should force [her] and lie with her, and be found,

᾿Εὰν δέ τις εὕρῃ τὴν παῖδα τὴν παρθένον, ἥτις οὐ μεμνήστευται, καὶ βιασάμενος κοιμηθῇ μετ᾿ αὐτῆς καὶ εὑρεθῇ,

А҆́ще же кто̀ ѡ҆брѧ́щетъ ѻ҆трокови́цꙋ дѣ́вꙋ, ꙗ҆́же нѣ́сть ѡ҆брꙋче́на, и҆ наси́ловавъ бꙋ́детъ съ не́ю, и҆ ѡ҆бличи́тсѧ:

29

the man who lay with her shall give to the father of the damsel fifty silver didrachms, and she shall be his wife, because he has humbled her; he shall never be able to put her away.

δώσει ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ κοιμηθεὶς μετ᾿ αὐτῆς τῷ πατρὶ τῆς νεάνιδος πεντήκοντα δίδραχμα ἀργυρίου, καὶ αὐτοῦ ἔσται γυνή, ἀνθ᾿ ὧν ἐταπείνωσεν αὐτήν· οὐ δυνήσεται ἐξαποστεῖλαι αὐτὴν τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον.

да да́стъ человѣ́къ бы́вый съ не́ю ѻ҆тцꙋ̀ ѻ҆трокови́цы пѧтьдесѧ́тъ дїдра́хмъ сребра̀, и҆ томꙋ̀ да бꙋ́детъ жена̀, поне́же ѡ҆би́дѣ ю҆̀: не возмо́жетъ ѿпꙋсти́ти ю҆̀ во всѐ вре́мѧ.