1 Samuel (1 Kings) 29
Commentary from 1 father
And the lords of the Philistines went on by hundreds and thousands, and David and his men went on in the rear with Anchus.
καὶ οἱ σατράπαι τῶν ἀλλοφύλων παρεπορεύοντο εἰς ἑκατοντάδας καὶ χιλιάδας, καὶ Δαυὶδ καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες αὐτοῦ παρεπορεύοντο ἐπ᾿ ἐσχάτων μετὰ ᾿Αγχοῦς.
И҆ воевѡ́ды и҆ноплемє́нничи пред̾идѧ́хꙋ со ста́ми и҆ ты́сѧщами, даві́дъ же и҆ мꙋ́жїе є҆гѡ̀ и҆дѧ́хꙋ въ послѣ́днихъ со а҆гхꙋ́сомъ.
And the satraps of the Philistines indeed marched by the hundreds, etc. Understand the last contingent either by the merit of humility or by the order of time. For in every age of the world, the nations of the gentiles have set up in battle array against the Jews, since that nation was founded, and strive to defeat them by hand or mouth; but also against the heretics, because they are a portion of the Church, burning with a similar mind due to envy of the name of Christ, the Lord appears humble and despised by those chosen from the secular world; because the children of this age are wiser in their generation than the children of light (Luke XVI). He also, having incarnated in his time, and in the fullness of times, appeared humble to the world, showing examples of humility, rejection, and poverty outwardly to his followers, whom he instructed within on how desirable it is to be mighty in hand for defeating the proud, and in blessing the submissive.
Commentary on Samuel
And the lords of the Philistines said, Who [are] these that pass by? And Anchus said to the captains of the Philistines, [Is] not this David the servant of Saul king of Israel? He has been with us some time, even this second year, and I have not found any fault in him from the day that he attached himself to me even until this day.
καὶ εἶπον οἱ σατράπαι τῶν ἀλλοφύλων· τίνες οἱ διαπορευόμενοι οὗτοι; καὶ εἶπεν ᾿Αγχοῦς πρὸς τοὺς στρατηγοὺς τῶν ἀλλοφύλων· οὐχ οὗτος Δαυὶδ ὁ δοῦλος Σαοὺλ βασιλέως ᾿Ισραήλ; γέγονε μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν ἡμέρας τοῦτο δεύτερον ἔτος, καὶ οὐχ εὕρηκα ἐν αὐτῷ οὐθὲν ἀφ᾿ ἧς ἡμέρας ἐνέπεσε πρός με καὶ ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης.
И҆ рѣ́ша воевѡ́ды и҆ноплемє́нничи: кто̀ сꙋ́ть и҆дꙋ́щїи сі́и; И҆ речѐ а҆гхꙋ́съ къ воево́дамъ и҆ноплеме́нничимъ: не се́й ли даві́дъ ра́бъ саꙋ́ла царѧ̀ і҆и҃лева, и҆́же бы́сть съ на́ми дні́й сїѐ второ́е лѣ́то; и҆ не ѡ҆брѣто́хъ въ не́мъ ничто́же, ѿ днѐ во́ньже прїи́де ко мнѣ̀ да́же до сегѡ̀ днѐ.
The princes of the Philistines said: What do these Hebrews want? The pagans despise the life, society, and doctrine of the faithful of Christ, who are justly called Hebrews, that is, those who pass over; because they now know how to transit from vices to virtues, in the future to hope for a passage from death to life, to transcend the low desires of the flesh, and likewise all the adversities of the world, the soaring heights of a humble mind.
Commentary on Samuel
And Achish said to the princes of the Philistines, etc. Achish praising the friendship of David, the angry princes of the Philistines avoid his companionship in battle, fearing his fighting prowess as fame spreads. Finally, among other things they say:
Commentary on Samuel
Is this not David? etc. While the Church of the nations praises the faith in Christ, through which eternal life is deserved, angry philosophers and priests of idols fear to believe in Him, whose word they mourn has destroyed their worship and wisdom; they see His triumph over the ancient enemy being celebrated in the unanimous chorus of the holy Church, one which no other could have merited, they refuse to unite themselves to His members, to be subject to His rule by receiving faith.
Commentary on Samuel
And Achish called David, and said to him, etc. Achish himself indeed declares David to be upright, innocent, and good, as an angel of God; but so as not to offend the eyes of the Philistine princes, he orders him to withdraw from the battle, in peace, with anger. The crowd of believers from the nations praises, loves, and proclaims Christ's justice, mercy, and holiness, as of Him who was sent by God for the salvation of the nations, but prays that the word should not be entrusted to blasphemous and proud leaders of idolatry, lest by hearing and not believing they incur a greater judgment; and it urges the Lord, as it were, to be content to rest in the calm and serene hearts of believers, rather than offering Himself to the non-believing by preaching, thus providing a cause for scandals and persecutions.
Commentary on Samuel
And the captains of the Philistines were displeased at him, and they say to him, Send the man away, and let him return to his place, where thou didst set him; and let him not come with us to the war, and let him not be a traitor in the camp: and wherewith will he be reconciled to his master? Will it not be with the heads of those men?
καὶ ἐλυπήθησαν ἐπ᾿ αὐτῷ οἱ στρατηγοὶ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων καὶ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· ἀπόστρεψον τὸν ἄνδρα καὶ ἀποστραφήτω εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ, οὗ κατέστησας αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ, καὶ μὴ ἐρχέσθω μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν πόλεμον καὶ μὴ γινέσθω ἐπίβουλος τῆς παρεμβολῆς· καὶ ἐν τίνι διαλλαγήσεται οὗτος τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ; οὐχὶ ἐν ταῖς κεφαλαῖς τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐκείνων;
И҆ приско́рбни бы́ша ѡ҆ не́мъ воевѡ́ды и҆ноплемє́нничи и҆ глаго́лаша є҆мꙋ̀: возвратѝ мꙋ́жа, и҆ да возврати́тсѧ на мѣ́сто своѐ, и҆дѣ́же поста́вилъ є҆сѝ є҆го̀ та́мѡ, и҆ да не и҆́детъ съ на́ми на бра́нь, и҆ да не бꙋ́детъ навѣ́тникъ въ полцѣ́хъ: и҆ чи́мъ примири́тсѧ се́й господи́нꙋ своемꙋ̀; не глава́ми ли мꙋже́й си́хъ;
[Is] not this David whom they celebrated in dances, saying, Saul has smitten his thousands, and David his ten thousands?
οὐχ οὗτος Δαυίδ, ᾧ ἐξῆρχον ἐν χοροῖς λέγοντες· ἐπάταξε Σαοὺλ ἐν χιλιάσιν αὐτοῦ καὶ Δαυὶδ ἐν μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ;
не се́й ли є҆́сть даві́дъ, є҆мꙋ́же и҆зыдо́ша съ ли̑ки, глаго́люще: побѣдѝ саꙋ́лъ съ ты́сѧщами свои́ми, и҆ даві́дъ со тьма́ми свои́ми;
And Anchus called David, and said to him, [As] the Lord lives, thou [art] right and approved in my eyes, and [so is] thy going out and thy coming in with me in the army, and I have not found [any] evil to charge against thee from the day that thou camest to me until this day: but thou art not approved in the eyes of the lords.
καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ᾿Αγχοῦς τὸν Δαυὶδ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ζῇ Κύριος, ὅτι εὐθὴς σὺ καὶ ἀγαθὸς ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς μου, καὶ ἡ ἔξοδός σου και ἡ εἴσοδός σου μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ, καὶ ὅτι οὐχ εὕρηκα κατὰ σοῦ κακίαν ἀφ᾿ ἧς ἡμέρας ἥκεις πρός με ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας· καὶ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς τῶν σατραπῶν οὐκ ἀγαθὸς σύ·
И҆ призва̀ а҆гхꙋ́съ даві́да и҆ речѐ є҆мꙋ̀: жи́въ гдⷭ҇ь, ꙗ҆́кѡ пра́въ ты̀ и҆ бла́гъ пред̾ ѻ҆чи́ма мои́ма, и҆ вхо́дъ тво́й и҆ и҆схо́дъ тво́й со мно́ю въ полцѣ̀, и҆ ꙗ҆́кѡ не ѡ҆брѣто́хъ въ тебѣ̀ ѕло́бы, ѿне́лѣже є҆сѝ прише́лъ ко мнѣ̀ до дне́шнѧгѡ днѐ, но пред̾ ѻ҆чи́ма воево́дъ не бла́гъ є҆сѝ ты̀:
I know that you are good in my eyes, etc. And the Church, excelling in the praises of the Lord, even adds this: Indeed, I myself know, and with the opened eyes of faith I understand the goodness of your heavenly grace, and that you are the one of whom the prophet foretold: And his name will be called the angel of great counsel (Isaiah IX); that is, the messenger of the Father's will. But the princes of doctrines and cultures of the nations, spurning the help of your protection, trust that they should be saved by their own virtue and industry.
Commentary on Samuel
Now then return and go in peace, thus thou shalt not do evil in the sight of the lords of the Philistines.
καὶ νῦν ἀνάστρεφε καὶ πορεύου εἰς εἰρήνην, καὶ οὐ μὴ ποιήσῃς κακίαν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς τῶν σατραπῶν τῶν ἀλλοφύλων.
и҆ нн҃ѣ возврати́сѧ и҆ и҆дѝ съ ми́ромъ, и҆ да не сотвори́ши ѕла̀ пред̾ ѻ҆чи́ма воево́дъ и҆ноплеме́нничихъ.
And David said to Anchus, What have I done to thee? and what hast thou found in thy servant from the [first] day that I was before thee even until this day, that I should not come and war against the enemies of the lord my king?
καὶ εἶπε Δαυὶδ πρὸς ᾿Αγχοῦς· τί πεποίηκά σοι καὶ τί εὗρες ἐν τῷ δούλῳ σου ἀφ᾿ ἧς ἡμέρας ἤμην ἐνώπιόν σου καὶ ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης, ὅτι οὐ μὴ ἔλθω πολεμήσας τοὺς ἐχθροὺς τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως;
И҆ речѐ даві́дъ ко а҆гхꙋ́сꙋ: что̀ сотвори́хъ тѝ; и҆ что̀ ѡ҆брѣ́лъ є҆сѝ въ рабѣ̀ твое́мъ, ѿ негѡ́же днѐ бѣ́хъ пред̾ тобо́ю, и҆ да́же до сегѡ̀ днѐ, да не и҆дꙋ̀ воева́ти врагѡ́въ господи́на моегѡ̀ царѧ̀;
And Anchus answered David, I know that thou [art] good in my eyes, but the lords of the Philistines say, He shall not come with us to the war.
καὶ ἀπεκρίθη ᾿Αγχοῦς πρὸς Δαυίδ· οἶδα ὅτι ἀγαθὸς σὺ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς μου, ἀλλ᾿ οἱ σατράπαι τῶν ἀλλοφύλων λέγουσιν· οὐχ ἥξει μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν εἰς πόλεμον.
И҆ ѿвѣща̀ а҆гхꙋ́съ даві́дꙋ: вѣ́мъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ бла́гъ ты̀ пред̾ ѻ҆чи́ма мои́ма ꙗ҆́кѡ а҆́гг҃лъ бж҃їй, но воевѡ́ды и҆ноплемє́нничи глаго́лютъ: да не и҆́детъ съ на́ми на бра́нь:
Now then rise up early in the morning, thou and the servants of thy lord that are come with thee, and go to the place where I appointed you, and entertain no evil thought in thy heart, for thou [art] good in my sight: and rise early for your journey when it is light, and depart.
καὶ νῦν ὄρθρισον τὸ πρωΐ σὺ καὶ οἱ παῖδες τοῦ κυρίου σου οἱ ἥκοντες μετὰ σοῦ, καὶ πορεύεσθε εἰς τὸν τόπον, οὗ κατέστησα ὑμᾶς ἐκεῖ, καὶ λόγον λοιμὸν μὴ θῇς ἐν καρδίᾳ σου, ὅτι ἀγαθὸς σὺ ἐνώπιόν μου· καὶ ὀρθρίσατε ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ, καὶ φωτισάτω ὑμῖν, καὶ πορεύθητε.
и҆ нн҃ѣ воста́ни ра́нѡ ты̀ и҆ ѻ҆́троцы господи́на твоегѡ̀ ходѧ́щїи съ тобо́ю и҆ и҆ди́те на мѣ́сто, и҆дѣ́же поста́вихъ ва́съ, и҆ словесѐ па́гꙋбна да не положи́ши на се́рдцы твое́мъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ бла́гъ є҆сѝ ты̀ предо мно́ю: и҆ воста́ните ра́нѡ въ пꙋ́ть, є҆гда̀ разсвѣта́етъ ва́мъ, и҆ и҆ди́те.
So David arose early, he and his men, to depart and guard the land of the Philistine: and the Philistines went up to Jezrael to battle.
καὶ ὤρθρισε Δαυὶδ αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες αὐτοῦ ἀπελθεῖν καὶ φυλάσσειν τὴν γῆν τῶν ἀλλοφύλων, καὶ οἱ ἀλλόφυλοι ἀνέβησαν πολεμεῖν ἐπὶ ᾿Ισραήλ.
И҆ ᲂу҆ра́ни даві́дъ са́мъ и҆ мꙋ́жїе є҆гѡ̀ ѿитѝ и҆ стрещѝ землѝ и҆ноплеме́нничи, и҆ и҆ноплемє́нницы взыдо́ша на бра́нь во і҆езрае́ль.
The Philistines had gone up to Jezreel. When David departed with his men, the Philistines went up to Jezreel, that is, to combat in the seed of God, where they had previously assembled in Aphek, that is, in the new wrath. And the reprobates often, having driven away the stronger doctors of the Church from their proximity, exert all their strength to corrupt the weaker ones, whom, out of respect or fear of the former, although raging in spirit, they had previously not presumed to touch and disturb. Not only those who carry arms or argue against the good, but also those who, presenting examples of depravity under the name of brothers, display them to the sight of the pious, ascending into Jezreel, that is, the seed of God, try to infect it with the tares of diabolic seed. We see and hear that the mysteries of this reading are being fulfilled even today in many places, driving the Lord from the hearts of many, and oppressing His chosen ones; but with the approach of the world's end, with the heaps of evils growing, we do not doubt in trembling fear that they must be fulfilled more and more.
Commentary on Samuel
And the Philistines gather all their armies to Aphec, and Israel encamped in Aendor, which is in Jezrael.
ΚΑΙ συναθροίζουσιν ἀλλόφυλοι πάσας τὰς παρεμβολὰς αὐτῶν εἰς ᾿Αφέκ, καὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ παρενέβαλεν ἐν ᾿Αενδὼρ τὴν ἐν ᾿Ιεζραέλ.
И҆ собра́ша и҆ноплемє́нницы всѧ̑ полкѝ своѧ̑ во а҆фе́къ, і҆и҃льтѧне же ѡ҆полчи́шасѧ во а҆ендѡ́рѣ и҆́же во і҆езрае́ли.