1 Maccabees 15

Commentary from 1 father

Moreover Antiochus son of Demetrius the king sent letters from the isles of the sea unto Simon the priest and prince of the Jews, and to all the people;

ΚΑΙ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ ᾿Αντίοχος υἱὸς Δημητρίου τοῦ βασιλέως ἐπιστολὰς ἀπὸ τῶν νήσων τῆς θαλάσσης Σίμωνι ἱερεῖ καὶ ἐθνάρχῃ τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων καὶ παντὶ τῷ ἔθνει.

И҆ посла̀ ца́рь а҆нтїо́хъ сы́нъ дими́трїа царѧ̀ посла̑нїѧ ѿ ѻ҆стровѡ́въ морски́хъ сі́мѡнꙋ а҆рхїере́ю и҆ нача́льникꙋ ꙗ҆зы́ка і҆ꙋде́йска и҆ всемꙋ̀ ꙗ҆зы́кꙋ.

Rabanus Maurus †856

15:1

This Antiochus, who was called Εὐεργέτης, that is, "Benefactor," and likewise "Faithful," was the son of Demetrius Soter, and brother of the younger Demetrius, who reigned in Syria after Alexander Philopator (Philopolus). Now Demetrius Soter, after Antiochus Eupator, son of Antiochus Epiphanes, as the Chronicle of Eusebius and Jerome attests, reigned twelve years, after whom Alexander Philopolus reigned eleven years. After him Demetrius, son of Demetrius, reigned three years; but having been captured by the Parthians, he was restricted in Hyrcania by King Arsacides. After him Antiochus Assidetes [Sidetes], his brother, held the kingdom for fourteen years, and after his death Demetrius was restored again, and thereafter held it for four years. How the succession of the kingdom fell to the brothers Demetrius and Antiochus should not seem burdensome to the reader if some material from the History of Pompeius Trogus is introduced here, who relates this in Book 30 as follows: "Antiochus, remembering that his father had been hated because of his arrogance and his brother despised because of his sluggishness, so that he might not fall into the same vices, after taking Cleopatra, his brother's wife, in marriage, pursued with the greatest diligence the cities which at the beginning of his brother's rule had revolted, and when he had subdued them, he again added them to the boundaries of the kingdom. He also subdued the Jews, who, under Macedonian rule, in the time of his father Demetrius, had by arms vindicated themselves into freedom, whose strength was so great that after this they accepted no king of the Macedonians, and, using domestic rulers, greatly harassed Syria with wars."

Likewise in Book 38, and in the thirty-eighth year of his earlier narrative, he adds the following: "For Demetrius, as mentioned above, when he had brought war against the Parthians and had been victorious in many engagements, was suddenly surrounded by ambushes, and having lost his army, was captured. Arsacides in Hyrcania granted him not only the royal attire [Arsacides, king of the Parthians, of great and princely spirit, furnished him in Hyrcania not only with royal attire], but also gave him his daughter in marriage, and promised that he would restore to him the kingdom of Syria, which Tryphon had seized during his absence. After the death of this king, when Demetrius had lost hope of returning and could no longer bear captivity, weary of a private life, though wealthy, he silently planned flight back to his kingdom. His encourager and companion was his friend Gallimander, who, after Demetrius' capture, had come from Syria through the deserts of Arabia, with guides acquired for money, to Babylon in Parthian dress. But Phrahates, who had succeeded Arsacides, pursued the fugitive with cavalry speed, and, taking the shorter routes, overtook and brought him back. When he was led to the king, not only pardon but also a reward for his loyalty was granted to Gallimander. Demetrius, however, after being severely chastised, was sent back to his wife in Hyrcania, and ordered to be kept under stricter guard. After an interval of time, when trust in him and in the freedmen he had gained gave him courage, he again fled with the same friend as his companion; but with equal misfortune he was arrested near the borders of the king's realm, and being led once more to the king, was removed from his sight as hateful. Then again he was given to his wife and children and sent back to Hyrcania, the city that was his place of punishment, and was presented with such golden ornaments in criticism of his childish lightheartedness. But this kindness of the Parthians toward Demetrius, so mild, was produced neither by the custom of the nation nor by consideration of kinship, but because they coveted the kingdom of Syria, intending to make use of Demetrius against his brother Antiochus, as time or the fortune of war might require."

When he heard this, Antiochus, thinking the war must be seized, led the army, which he had hardened by many wars with neighboring peoples, against the Parthians. But his followers for luxury was no less extensive than for warfare: indeed, many thousands of armed men were followed by three hundred thousand camp-followers, among whom there were more cooks [indeed, eighty thousand armed men were followed by three hundred thousand camp-followers, among whom cooks, etc.] and bakers. There was so much silver and gold that the common soldiers fastened their boots with gold and walked underfoot the very material for the love of which peoples fight with steel. The kitchen utensils too were of silver, and altogether they advanced as if to banquets, not to war. As Antiochus arrived, many Eastern kings met him, entrusting themselves and their kingdoms to him, with curses upon Parthian arrogance. Nor was there any delay for battle. Antiochus, victorious in three engagements, when he had taken Babylon, began to be considered great. And so, as all peoples streamed to him, nothing remained to the Parthians except their ancestral territory. Then Phrahates sent Demetrius into Syria with a Parthian military base to occupy the kingdom, so that by this means Antiochus might be recalled to Parthia to defend his own possessions. Meanwhile, since he was not able to prevail by strength, he tried everywhere to ensnare Antiochus by plots. Because of the great number of men, the army of Antiochus was divided among the cities during the winter, and this became the cause of ruin. For when the cities saw themselves burdened by the exactions of supplies and the injuries of the soldiers, they defected to the Parthians; and on the appointed day they attacked the army, dispersed among them in ambush, so that they could not bring help to one another. When this was reported to Antiochus, he marched forward with the force that wintered with him, to bring aid to the nearest cities. On the way he met the king of the Parthians, and fought against him more bravely than his army did; but in the end, although they were overcoming the enemy by bravery, he was abandoned out of fear by his own men and killed. Phrahates gave him a funeral with royal ceremony, and, having fallen in love with the maiden, took as his wife the daughter of Demetrius whom Antiochus had brought with him. Afterwards he began to regret that he had released Demetrius; and when he had quickly sent teams of cavalry to bring him back, they found Demetrius already established in the kingdom, fearing this very thing, and after attempting everything in vain, they returned to their king.

With Antioch destroyed in Parthia together with his army, his brother Demetrius, freed from Parthian captivity and restored to [the kingdom], when all Syria was in mourning because the army had been lost, decided to wage war against Egypt, as if his own patriarchal [Parthian] campaigns and those of his brother, in which one had been captured and the other killed, had turned out successfully. And the kingdom of Egypt was to be the price of Cleopatra his mother-in-law's aid against her own brother. But while he coveted what belonged to another, as usually happens, he lost his own possessions through the defection of Syria. For the Antiochenes were the first, under the leadership of Trypho, to curse the king's arrogance, which had become intolerable through his association with [Parthian cruelty]; and soon Apamea and the other cities followed their example, and by reason of the king's [Demetrius'] absence revolted from him. King Ptolemy of Egypt also, when attacked in war by this same Demetrius, learned that Cleopatra his sister, with Egypt's wealth placed on ships, had fled to her son and to Demetrius his son-in-law in Syria. He then sent a certain young Egyptian, the son of the merchant Protharses, to claim the kingdom of Syria by force of arms; and with an invented story, as though by adoption by King Antiochus he had been received into the royal family, and since the Syrians refused to tolerate any king, lest they endure Demetrius' arrogance, the name Alexander was given to the young man and vast forces were dispatched from Egypt.

Meanwhile, the body of Antiochus, slain by the king of the Parthians and sent back to Syria for burial in a silver coffin, arrived; and it was received with great zeal by the cities and by King Alexander, to strengthen the credibility of the fabricated tale. This won great popular favor, as everyone believed that the tears shed for him were not insincere. Demetrius, however, defeated by Alexander and oppressed on all sides by surrounding misfortunes, was at last even abandoned by his wife and sons. Left therefore with only a few servants, when he had gone to Tyre, intending to defend himself by the sanctuary of the temple, he was killed as he went out, by order of the captain.

By the foregoing causes, namely that Antiochus claimed from Simon the cities gained by warfare, it is shown that the ancient enemy is always envious of the virtues of the saints and seeks to subject them to his unjust slavery; but Simon, by spiritually claiming them for himself, declared them to be under his own jurisdiction and the inheritance of his fathers, and that he had no fellowship there, because the possession of virtues belongs properly to the elect, not to the depraved. Therefore the lands of the Canaanites, into which the sons of Israel are brought, had once been allotted to the sons of Shem in the division of the world, which were afterwards, by violence and power, possessed by their descendants through the wickedness of persuasion. In this, the exceedingly just judgment of God is confirmed: for He both drove those men out from foreign places which they had wrongly seized, and restored to these holy ones, as their fathers' possession, that which had been assigned to their lineage in the division of the world; and this is recognized in us with most certain reasoning. For the will of the Lord has by nature assigned the possession of our heart not to vices but to virtues; which, after Adam's transgression, when vices grew disrespectful, that is, the Canaanite peoples having been driven from their own region, are restored together with them on high, by God's grace, through our diligence and labor; yet they are not to be believed to have occupied foreign lands, but rather to have received back their own.

Commentary on 1 Maccabees

The contents whereof were these: King Antiochus to Simon the high priest and prince of his nation, and to the people of the Jews, greeting:

καὶ ἦσαν περιέχουσαι τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον· «Βασιλεὺς ᾿Αντίοχος Σίμωνι ἱερεῖ μεγάλῳ καὶ ἐθνάρχῃ καὶ ἔθνει ᾿Ιουδαίων χαίρειν,

И҆ бѧ́хꙋ содержа́ще ѡ҆́бразъ се́й: ца́рь а҆нтїо́хъ сі́мѡнꙋ жерцꙋ̀ вели́комꙋ и҆ ꙗ҆зы́ка нача́льникꙋ и҆ ꙗ҆зы́кꙋ і҆ꙋде́йскомꙋ ра́доватисѧ:

Forasmuch as certain pestilent men have usurped the kingdom of our fathers, and my purpose is to challenge it again, that I may restore it to the old estate, and to that end have gathered a multitude of foreign soldiers together, and prepared ships of war;

ἐπειδὴ ἄνδρες λοιμοὶ κατεκράτησαν τῆς βασιλείας τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν, βούλομαι δὲ ἀντιποιήσασθαι τῆς βασιλείας, ὅπως ἀποκαταστήσω αὐτὴν ὡς ἦν τὸ πρότερον, ἐξενολόγησα δὲ πλῆθος δυνάμεων καὶ κατεσκεύασα πλοῖα πολεμικά,

поне́же мꙋ́жїе гꙋби́телє ѡ҆держа́ша ца̑рствїѧ ѻ҆тє́цъ на́шихъ, хощꙋ́ же снабдѣ́ти ца́рство, да ᲂу҆стро́ю є҆̀ ꙗ҆́коже бѣ̀ пре́жде, и҆ ѿ стра́нъ собра́хъ мно́жество си́лъ и҆ сотвори́хъ корабли̑ вѡ́инскїѧ,

My meaning also being to go through the country, that I may be avenged of them that have destroyed it, and made many cities in the kingdom desolate:

βούλομαι δὲ ἐκβῆναι κατὰ τὴν χώραν, ὅπως μετέλθω τοὺς κατεφθαρκότας τὴν χώραν ἡμῶν καὶ τοὺς ἠρημωκότας πόλεις πολλὰς ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ·

хощꙋ́ же и҆зы́ти во странꙋ̀, да ѿмщꙋ̀ растли́вшымъ странꙋ̀ на́шꙋ и҆ ѡ҆пꙋстоши́вшымъ гра́ды мнѡ́ги въ ца́рствїи (мое́мъ),

Now therefore I confirm unto thee all the oblations which the kings before me granted thee, and whatsoever gifts besides they granted.

νῦν οὖν ἵστημί σοι πάντα τὰ ἀφαιρέματα, ἃ ἀφῆκάν σοι οἱ πρὸ ἐμοῦ βασιλεῖς καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα δόματα ἀφῆκάν σοι.

нн҃ѣ ᲂу҆̀бо ᲂу҆твержда́ю тебѣ̀ всѧ̑ ѡ҆ставлє́нїѧ да́ней, ꙗ҆̀же ѡ҆ста́виша тебѣ̀ бы́вшїи пре́жде менє̀ ца́рїе, и҆ є҆ли̑ки и҆́ны да́ры ѡ҆ста́виша тебѣ̀,

I give thee leave also to coin money for thy country with thine own stamp.

καὶ ἐπέτρεψά σοι ποιῆσαι κόμμα ἴδιον νόμισμα τῇ χώρᾳ σου,

и҆ попꙋсти́хъ тебѣ̀ твори́ти кова́нїе ѡ҆со́быхъ пѣ́нѧзей во странѣ̀ твое́й,

And as concerning Jerusalem and the sanctuary, let them be free; and all the armour that thou hast made, and fortresses that thou hast built, and keepest in thine hands, let them remain unto thee.

῾Ιερουσαλὴμ δὲ καὶ τὰ ἅγια εἶναι ἐλεύθερα· καὶ πάντα τὰ ὅπλα ὅσα κατεσκεύασας, καὶ τὰ ὀχυρώματα, ἃ ᾠκοδόμησας ὧν κρατεῖς, μενέτω σοι.

і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мꙋ же и҆ ст҃ы́немъ бы́ти свобѡ́днымъ: и҆ всѧ̑ ѻ҆рꙋ̑жїѧ, є҆ли̑ка ᲂу҆гото́валъ є҆сѝ, и҆ тверды̑ни, и҆̀хже созда́лъ є҆сѝ, и҆̀хже держи́ши, да бꙋ́дꙋтъ тебѣ̀:

And if anything be, or shall be, owing to the king, let it be forgiven thee from this time forth for evermore.

καὶ πᾶν ὀφείλημα βασιλικὸν καὶ τὰ ἐσόμενα βασιλικά, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν καὶ εἰς τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον ἀφιέσθω σοι·

и҆ ве́сь до́лгъ царе́въ, и҆ ꙗ҆̀же подоба́ютъ царе́ви, ѿнн҃ѣ и҆ во всѐ вре́мѧ да ѡ҆ста́вѧтсѧ тебѣ̀:

Furthermore, when we have obtained our kingdom, we will honour thee, and thy nation, and thy temple, with great honour, so that your honour shall be known throughout the world.

ὡς δ᾿ ἂν κρατήσωμεν τῆς βασιλείας ἡμῶν, δοξάσομέν σε καὶ τὸ ἔθνος σου καὶ τὸ ἱερὸν δόξῃ μεγάλῃ, ὥστε φανερὰν γενέσθαι τὴν δόξαν ὑμῶν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ». -

є҆гда́ же ѡ҆держи́мъ ца́рство на́ше, просла́вимъ тебѐ и҆ лю́ди твоѧ̑ и҆ свѧти́лище сла́вою вели́кою, ꙗ҆́кѡ да ꙗ҆вле́нна бꙋ́детъ сла́ва ва́ша по все́й землѝ.

In the hundred threescore and fourteenth year went Antiochus into the land of his fathers: at which time all the forces came together unto him, so that few were left with Tryphon.

῎Ετους τετάρτου καὶ ἑβδομηκοστοῦ καὶ ἑκατοστοῦ ἐξῆλθεν ᾿Αντίοχος εἰς τὴν γῆν πατέρων αὐτοῦ, καὶ συνῆλθον πρὸς αὐτὸν πᾶσαι αἱ δυνάμεις, ὥστε ὀλίγους εἶναι τοὺς καταλειφθέντας σὺν Τρύφωνι.

Лѣ́та сто̀ се́дмьдесѧтъ четве́ртагѡ и҆зы́де а҆нтїо́хъ въ зе́млю ѻ҆тє́цъ свои́хъ, и҆ собра́шасѧ къ немꙋ̀ всѝ вѡ́и, ꙗ҆́кѡ ма̑лымъ бы́ти ѡ҆ста́вшымъ со трѵ́фѡномъ.

Wherefore being pursued by king Antiochus, he fled unto Dora, which lieth by the sea side:

καὶ ἐδίωξεν αὐτὸν ᾿Αντίοχος ὁ βασιλεύς, καὶ ἦλθε φεύγων εἰς Δωρᾶ τὴν ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης·

И҆ гна́ше є҆го̀ а҆нтїо́хъ ца́рь, и҆ прїи́де бѣжа́щь въ дѡ́рꙋ, ꙗ҆́же при мо́ри:

For he saw that troubles came upon him all at once, and that his forces had forsaken him.

εἶδε γὰρ ὅτι συνῆκται ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸν τὰ κακά, καὶ ἀφῆκαν αὐτὸν αἱ δυνάμεις.

вѣ́дѧше бо, ꙗ҆́кѡ собра́шасѧ ѕла̑ѧ на́нь и҆ ѡ҆ста́виша є҆го̀ во́ини.

Then camped Antiochus against Dora, having with him an hundred and twenty thousand men of war, and eight thousand horsemen.

καὶ παρενέβαλεν ᾿Αντίοχος ἐπὶ Δωρᾶ καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ δώδεκα μυριάδες ἀνδρῶν πολεμιστῶν καὶ ὀκτακισχιλία ἵππος.

И҆ ѡ҆полчи́сѧ а҆нтїо́хъ на дѡ́рꙋ, и҆ съ ни́мъ двана́десѧть те́мъ мꙋже́й бра́нныхъ и҆ ѻ҆́смь ты́сѧщъ ко́нникѡвъ:

And when he had compassed the city round about, and joined ships close to the town on the sea side, he vexed the city by land and by sea, neither suffered he any to go out or in.

καὶ ἐκύκλωσε τὴν πόλιν, καὶ τὰ πλοῖα ἀπὸ θαλάσσης συνῆψαν, καὶ ἔθλιβε τὴν πόλιν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς καὶ τῆς θαλάσσης, καὶ οὐκ εἴασεν οὐδένα ἐκπορεύεσθαι καὶ εἰσπορεύεσθαι.

и҆ ѡ҆бстꙋпѝ гра́дъ, и҆ корабли̑ ѿ мо́рѧ прїидо́ша, и҆ ѡ҆скорблѧ́ше гра́дъ ѿ землѝ и҆ мо́рѧ, и҆ не ѡ҆ста́ви ни є҆ди́наго и҆зы́ти и҆ вни́ти.

In the mean season came Numenius and his company from Rome, having letters to the kings and countries; wherein were written these things:

Καὶ ἦλθε Νουμήνιος καὶ οἱ παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἐκ Ῥώμης ἔχοντες ἐπιστολὰς τοῖς βασιλεῦσι καὶ ταῖς χώραις, ἐν αἷς ἐγέγραπτο τάδε·

Прїи́де же нꙋми́нїй и҆ и҆̀же съ ни́мъ ѿ ри́ма, и҆мꙋ́ще посла́нїе царє́мъ и҆ страна́мъ, въ ни́хже напи̑сана сїѧ̑:

Lucius, consul of the Romans unto king Ptolemee, greeting:

«Λεύκιος ὕπατος Ῥωμαίων Πτολεμαίῳ βασιλεῖ χαίρειν.

леѵкі́й ѵ҆па́тъ ри́мскїй птоломе́ю царю̀ ра́доватисѧ:

The Jews’ ambassadors, our friends and confederates, came unto us to renew the old friendship and league, being sent from Simon the high priest, and from the people of the Jews:

οἱ πρεσβευταὶ τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων ἦλθον πρὸς ἡμᾶς, φίλοι ἡμῶν καὶ σύμμαχοι, ἀνανεούμενοι τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς φιλίαν καὶ συμμαχίαν, ἀπεσταλμένοι ἀπὸ Σίμωνος τοῦ ἀρχιερέως καὶ τοῦ δήμου τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων·

послы̀ і҆ꙋде́йстїи прїидо́ша къ на́мъ дрꙋ́зи на́ши и҆ спобѡ́рницы, ѡ҆бновлѧ́юще пре́жнюю дрꙋ́жбꙋ и҆ споборе́нїе, по́слани ѿ сі́мѡна а҆рхїере́а и҆ люді́й і҆ꙋде́йскихъ,

And they brought a shield of gold of a thousand pound.

ἤνεγκαν δὲ ἀσπίδα χρυσῆν ἀπὸ μνῶν χιλίων.

принесо́ша же и҆ щи́тъ златы́й мна̑съ ты́сѧщи:

We thought it good therefore to write unto the kings and countries, that they should do them no harm, nor fight against them, their cities, or countries, nor yet aid their enemies against them.

ἤρεσεν οὖν ἡμῖν γράψαι τοῖς βασιλεῦσι καὶ ταῖς χώραις ὅπως μὴ ἐκζητήσωσιν αὐτοῖς κακὰ καὶ μὴ πολεμήσωσιν αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰς πόλεις αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν χώραν αὐτῶν καὶ ἵνα μὴ συμμαχήσωσι τοῖς πολεμοῦσιν αὐτούς.

ᲂу҆го́дно ᲂу҆̀бо бы́сть на́мъ писа́ти ко царє́мъ и҆ страна́мъ, да не нано́сѧтъ и҆̀мъ ѕѡ́лъ и҆ да не ра́тꙋютъ и҆̀хъ, ни градѡ́въ и҆́хъ, ни страны̀ и҆́хъ, и҆ да не спобора́ютъ ра́тꙋющымъ проти́вꙋ и҆́хъ:

It seemed also good to us to receive the shield of them.

ἔδοξε δὲ ἡμῖν δέξασθαι τὴν ἀσπίδα παρ᾿ αὐτῶν.

и҆ и҆зво́лисѧ на́мъ прїѧ́ти ѿ ни́хъ щи́тъ:

If therefore there be any pestilent fellows, that have fled from their country unto you, deliver them unto Simon the high priest, that he may punish them according to their own law.

εἴ τινες οὖν λοιμοὶ διαπεφεύγασιν ἐκ τῆς χώρας αὐτῶν πρὸς ἡμᾶς, παράδοτε αὐτοὺς Σίμωνι τῷ ἀρχιερεῖ, ὅπως ἐκδικήσῃ ἐν αὐτοῖς κατὰ τὸν νόμον αὐτῶν». -

а҆́ще ᲂу҆̀бо нѣ́цыи гꙋби́телє пребѣжа́ша ѿ страны̀ и҆́хъ къ ва́мъ, преда́йте и҆̀хъ сі́мѡнꙋ а҆рхїере́ю, да ѿмсти́тъ и҆̀мъ по зако́нꙋ своемꙋ̀.

The same things wrote he likewise unto Demetrius the king, and Attalus, to Ariarathes, and Arsaces,

Καὶ τὰ αὐτὰ ἔγραψε Δημητρίῳ τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ ᾿Αττάλῳ, ᾿Αριαράθῃ καὶ ᾿Αρσάκῃ

Та̑ѧжде написа̀ дими́трїю царю̀ и҆ а҆тта́лꙋ, и҆ а҆рїара́ѳꙋ и҆ а҆рса́кꙋ,

And to all the countries and to Sampsames, and the Lacedemonians, and to Delus, and Myndus, and Sicyon, and Caria, and Samos, and Pamphylia, and Lycia, and Halicarnassus, and Rhodus, and Aradus, and Cos, and Side, and Aradus, and Gortyna, and Cnidus, and Cyprus, and Cyrene.

καὶ εἰς πάσας τὰς χώρας καὶ Σαμψάμῃ καὶ Σπαρτιάταις καὶ εἰς Δῆλον καὶ Μύνδον καὶ Σικυῶνα καὶ εἰς τὴν Καρίαν καὶ εἰς Σάμον καὶ εἰς τὴν Παμφυλίαν καὶ εἰς τὴν Λυκίαν καὶ εἰς ῾Αλικαρνασσὸν καὶ εἰς Ῥόδον καὶ εἰς Φασηλίδα καὶ εἰς Κῶ καὶ εἰς Σίδην καὶ εἰς ῎Αραδον καὶ εἰς Γόρτυναν καὶ Κνίδον καὶ Κύπρον καὶ Κυρήνην.

и҆ во всѧ̑ страны̑, и҆ самѱа́кꙋ и҆ спартїа́тѡмъ, и҆ въ ди́лонъ и҆ въ мѵ́ндонъ, и҆ въ сѷкїѡ́нъ и҆ въ карі́ю, и҆ въ са́монъ и҆ въ памфѷлі́ю, и҆ въ лѷкі́ю и҆ въ а҆лїкарна́съ, и҆ въ ро́дъ и҆ въ фасилі́дꙋ, и҆ въ кѡ́ю и҆ въ сїди́нꙋ, и҆ въ а҆ра́дъ и҆ въ гортѵ́нꙋ, и҆ въ кні́дъ и҆ въ кѵ́пръ и҆ въ кѷрині́ю.

And the copy hereof they wrote to Simon the high priest.

τὸ δὲ ἀντίγραφον αὐτῶν ἔγραψαν Σίμωνι τῷ ἀρχιερεῖ.

Списа́нїе же и҆́хъ написа́ша сі́мѡнꙋ а҆рхїере́ю.

So Antiochus the king camped against Dora the second day, assaulting it continually, and making engines, by which means he shut up Tryphon, that he could neither go out nor in.

᾿Αντίοχος δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς παρενέβαλεν ἐπὶ Δωρᾶ ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ, προσάγων διὰ παντὸς αὐτῇ τὰς χεῖρας καὶ μηχανὰς ποιούμενος καὶ συνέκλεισε τὸν Τρύφωνα τοῦ μὴ εἰσπορεύεσθαι καὶ ἐκπορεύεσθαι.

А҆нтїо́хъ же ца́рь ѡ҆полчи́сѧ на дѡ́рꙋ втори́цею, наводѧ̀ вы́нꙋ на ню̀ рꙋ́ки и҆ миха̑ны творѧ̀, и҆ заключѝ трѵ́фѡна є҆́же не входи́ти нижѐ и҆сходи́ти.

At that time Simon sent him two thousand chosen men to aid him; silver also, and gold, and much armour.

καὶ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτῷ Σίμων δισχιλίους ἄνδρας ἐκλεκτοὺς συμμαχῆσαι αὐτῷ καὶ ἀργύριον καὶ χρυσίον καὶ σκεύη ἱκανά.

И҆ посла̀ є҆мꙋ̀ сі́мѡнъ двѣ̀ ты́сѧщы мꙋже́й и҆збра́нныхъ въ по́мощь є҆мꙋ̀ и҆ сребро̀ и҆ зла́то и҆ сосꙋ́ды мнѡ́ги.

Nevertheless he would not receive them, but brake all the covenants which he had made with him afore, and became strange unto him.

καὶ οὐκ ἠβούλετο αὐτὰ δέξασθαι, ἀλλ᾿ ἠθέτησε πάντα, ὅσα συνέθετο αὐτῷ τὸ πρότερον, καὶ ἠλλοτριοῦντο αὐτῷ.

И҆ не восхотѣ̀ и҆̀хъ прїѧ́ти, но ѿве́рже всѧ̑, є҆ли̑ка завѣща̀ є҆мꙋ̀ пре́жде, и҆ ѿчꙋжди́сѧ ѿ негѡ̀.

Furthermore he sent unto him Athenobius, one of his friends, to commune with him, and say, Ye withhold Joppa and Gazera; with the tower that is in Jerusalem, which are cities of my realm.

καὶ ἀπέστειλε πρὸς αὐτὸν ᾿Αθηνόβιον ἕνα τῶν φίλων αὐτοῦ κοινολογησάμενον αὐτῷ λέγων· ὑμεῖς κατακρατεῖτε τῆς ᾿Ιόππης καὶ Γαζάρων καὶ τῆς ἄκρας τῆς ἐν ῾Ιερουσαλήμ, πόλεις τῆς βασιλείας μου.

И҆ посла̀ къ немꙋ̀ а҆ѳинові́а є҆ди́наго ѿ дрꙋгѡ́въ свои́хъ, да побесѣ́дꙋетъ съ ни́мъ, глаго́лѧ: вы̀ держитѐ і҆ѻппі́ю и҆ газа́рꙋ и҆ краегра́дїе є҆́же во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мѣ, гра́ды ца́рства моегѡ̀,

The borders thereof ye have wasted, and done great hurt in the land, and got the dominion of many places within my kingdom.

τὰ ὅρια αὐτῶν ἠρημώσατε καὶ ἐποιήσατε πληγὴν μεγάλην ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἐκυριεύσατε τόπων πολλῶν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ μου.

предѣ́лы и҆́хъ ѡ҆пꙋстоши́сте, и҆ сотвори́сте ꙗ҆́звꙋ вели́кꙋ на землѝ, и҆ госпо́дствовасте мѣста́ми мно́гими въ ца́рствїи мое́мъ:

Now therefore deliver the cities which ye have taken, and the tributes of the places, whereof ye have gotten dominion without the borders of Judea:

νῦν οὖν παράδοτε τὰς πόλεις, ἃς κατελάβεσθε, καὶ τοὺς φόρους τῶν τόπων, ὧν κατεκυριεύσατε ἐκτὸς τῶν ὁρίων τῆς ᾿Ιουδαίας.

нн҃ѣ ᲂу҆̀бо ѿдади́те гра́ды, и҆̀хже взѧ́сте, и҆ да̑ни мѣ́стъ, и҆́миже ѡ҆госпо́дствовасте внѣ̀ предѣ́лѡвъ і҆ꙋде́йскихъ:

Or else give me for them five hundred talents of silver; and for the harm that ye have done, and the tributes of the cities, other five hundred talents: if not, we will come and fight against you

εἰ δὲ μή, δότε ἀντ᾿ αὐτῶν πεντακόσια τάλαντα ἀργυρίου καὶ τῆς καταφθορᾶς, ἧς κατεφθάρκατε, καὶ τῶν φόρων τῶν πόλεων ἄλλα τάλαντα πεντακόσια· εἰ δὲ μή, παραγενόμενοι ἐκπολεμήσομεν ὑμᾶς.

а҆́ще же нѝ, дади́те мѣ́стѡ си́хъ пѧ́ть сѡ́тъ тала́нтѡвъ сребра̀, и҆ за ѡ҆пꙋстоше́нїе, и҆́мже ѡ҆пꙋстоши́сте, и҆ за да̑ни градѡ́въ дрꙋгі̑ѧ пѧ́ть сѡ́тъ тала́нтѡвъ: а҆́ще же нѝ, прише́дше пора́тꙋемъ ва́съ.

So Athenobius the king’s friend came to Jerusalem: and when he saw the glory of Simon, and the cupboard of gold and silver plate, and his great attendance, he was astonished, and told him the king’s message.

καὶ ἦλθεν ᾿Αθηνόβιος φίλος τοῦ βασιλέως εἰς ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ καὶ εἶδε τὴν δόξαν Σίμωνος καὶ κυλικεῖον μετὰ χρυσωμάτων καὶ ἀργυρωμάτων καὶ παράστασιν ἱκανὴν καὶ ἐξίστατο καὶ ἀπήγγειλεν αὐτῶ τοὺς λόγους τοῦ βασιλέως.

И҆ прїи́де а҆ѳинові́й дрꙋ́гъ ца́рскїй во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мъ, и҆ ви́дѣ сла́вꙋ сі́мѡновꙋ, и҆ сокро́вище зла́та и҆ сребра̀, и҆ ᲂу҆строе́нїе дово́льно, и҆ ᲂу҆жасе́сѧ, и҆ возвѣстѝ є҆мꙋ̀ словеса̀ ца̑рска.

Then answered Simon, and said unto him, We have neither taken other men’s land, nor holden that which appertaineth to others, but the inheritance of our fathers, which our enemies had wrongfully in possession a certain time.

καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς Σίμων εἶπεν αὐτῷ· οὔτε γῆν ἀλλοτρίαν εἰλήφαμεν οὔτε ἀλλοτρίων κεκρατήκαμεν, ἀλλὰ τῆς κληρονομίας τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν, ὑπὸ δὲ ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν ἔν τινι καιρῷ ἀκρίτως κατεκρατήθη·

И҆ ѿвѣща́въ сі́мѡнъ, речѐ є҆мꙋ̀: нижѐ чꙋждꙋ́ю зе́млю прїѧ́хомъ, нижѐ чꙋжда̑ѧ ѡ҆держа́хомъ, но наслѣ́дїе ѻ҆тє́цъ на́шихъ, ѿ вра̑гъ же на́шихъ въ нѣ́кое вре́мѧ непра́веднѡ ᲂу҆держа́сѧ:

Wherefore we, having opportunity, hold the inheritance of our fathers.

ἡμεῖς δὲ καιρὸν ἔχοντες ἀντεχόμεθα τῆς κληρονομίας τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν.

мы́ же вре́мѧ и҆мꙋ́ще воспрїѧ́хомъ наслѣ́дїе ѻ҆тє́цъ на́шихъ:

And whereas thou demandest Joppa and Gazera, albeit they did great harm unto the people in our country, yet will we give thee an hundred talents for them. Hereunto Athenobius answered him not a word;

περὶ δὲ ᾿Ιόππης καὶ Γαζάρων, ὧν αἰτεῖς, αὗται ἐποίουν ἐν τῷ λαῷ πληγὴν μεγάλην κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἡμῶν, τούτων δώσομεν τάλαντα ἑκατόν. καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ ᾿Αθηνόβιος λόγον,

ѡ҆ і҆ѻппі́и же и҆ газа́рѣхъ, и҆̀хже про́сиши, сі́и творѧ́хꙋ въ лю́дехъ ꙗ҆́звꙋ ве́лїю въ странѣ̀ на́шей, ѿ си́хъ дади́мъ тала̑нтъ сто̀. И҆ не ѿвѣща̀ є҆мꙋ̀ а҆ѳинові́й словесѐ.

But returned in a rage to the king, and made report unto him of these speeches, and of the glory of Simon, and of all that he had seen: whereupon the king was exceeding wroth.

ἀπέστρεψε δὲ μετὰ θυμοῦ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα καὶ ἀπήγγειλεν αὐτῷ τοὺς λόγους τούτους καὶ τὴν δόξαν Σίμωνος καὶ πάντα, ὅσα εἶδε, καὶ ὠργίσθη ὁ βασιλεὺς ὀργὴν μεγάλην.

Возврати́сѧ же съ ꙗ҆́ростїю ко царю̀ и҆ возвѣстѝ є҆мꙋ̀ словеса̀ сїѧ̑ и҆ сла́вꙋ сі́мѡновꙋ и҆ всѧ̑ є҆ли̑ка ви́дѣ. И҆ прогнѣ́васѧ ца́рь гнѣ́вомъ ве́лїимъ.

In the mean time fled Tryphon by ship unto Orthosias.

Τρύφων δὲ ἐμβὰς εἰς πλοῖον ἔφυγεν εἰς ᾿Ορθωσιάδα.

Трѵ́фѡнъ же всѣ́дъ къ кора́бль, ѿбѣжѐ во ѻ҆рѳѡсїа́дꙋ.

Then the king made Cendebeus captain of the sea coast, and gave him an host of footmen and horsemen,

καὶ κατέστησεν ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸν Κενδεβαῖον στρατηγὸν τῆς παραλίας καὶ δυνάμεις πεζικὰς καὶ ἱππικὰς ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ·

И҆ поста́ви ца́рь кендеве́а воево́дою примо́рскимъ и҆ си̑лы пѣхѡ́тныѧ и҆ кѡ́нныѧ дадѐ є҆мꙋ̀.

And commanded him to remove his host toward Judea; also he commanded him to build up Cedron, and to fortify the gates, and to war against the people; but as for the king himself, he pursued Tryphon.

καὶ ἐνετείλατο αὐτῷ παρεμβαλεῖν κατὰ πρόσωπον τῆς ᾿Ιουδαίας καὶ ἐνετείλατο αὐτῷ οἰκοδομῆσαι τὴν Κεδρὼν καὶ ὀχυρῶσαι τὰς πύλας καὶ ὅπως πολεμήσῃ τὸν λαόν· ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς ἐδίωκε τὸν Τρύφωνα.

И҆ повелѣ̀ є҆мꙋ̀ ѡ҆полчи́тисѧ проти́вꙋ лица̀ і҆ꙋде́йска, и҆ заповѣ́да є҆мꙋ̀ созда́ти кедрѡ́нъ и҆ ᲂу҆тверди́ти врата̀, и҆ да ра́тꙋетъ лю́ди. Ца́рь же гонѧ́ше трѵ́фѡна.

So Cendebeus came to Jamnia and began to provoke the people and to invade Judea, and to take the people prisoners, and slay them.

καὶ παρεγενήθη Κενδεβαῖος εἰς ᾿Ιάμνειαν καὶ ἤρξατο τοῦ ἐρεθίζειν τὸν λαὸν καὶ ἐμβατεύειν εἰς τὴν ᾿Ιουδαίαν καὶ αἰχμαλωτίζειν τὸν λαὸν καὶ φονεύειν,

И҆ прїи́де кендеве́й во і҆амні́ю и҆ нача̀ раздража́ти лю́ди и҆ входи́ти во і҆ꙋде́ю и҆ плѣни́ти лю́ди и҆ ᲂу҆бива́ти: и҆ созда̀ кедрѡ́нъ

And when he had built up Cedron, he set horsemen there, and an host of footmen, to the end that issuing out they might make outroads upon the ways of Judea, as the king had commanded him.

καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε τὴν Κεδρὼν καὶ ἔταξεν ἐκεῖ ἱππεῖς καὶ δυνάμεις, ὅπως ἐκπορευόμενοι ἐξοδεύωσι τὰς ὁδοὺς τῆς ᾿Ιουδαίας, καθὰ συνέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ βασιλεύς.

и҆ поста́ви та́мѡ ко́нники и҆ си̑лы, ꙗ҆́кѡ да и҆сходѧ́ще прохо́дѧтъ пꙋти̑ і҆ꙋдє́йскїѧ, ꙗ҆́коже повелѣ̀ є҆мꙋ̀ ца́рь.