1 Maccabees 13
Commentary from 1 father
Now when Simon heard that Tryphon had gathered together a great host to invade the land of Judea, and destroy it,
ΚΑΙ ἤκουσε Σίμων ὅτι συνήγαγε Τρύφων δύναμιν πολλὴν τοῦ ἐλθεῖν εἰς γῆν ᾿Ιούδα καὶ ἐκτρῖψαι αὐτήν.
И҆ слы́ша сі́мѡнъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ собра̀ трѵ́фѡнъ си́лꙋ мно́гꙋ прїитѝ въ зе́млю і҆ꙋ́динꙋ и҆ сокрꙋши́ти ю҆̀,
And saw that the people was in great trembling and fear, he went up to Jerusalem, and gathered the people together,
καὶ εἶδε τὸν λαὸν ὅτι ἐστὶν ἔντρομος καὶ ἔμφοβος, καὶ ἀνέβη εἰς ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ καὶ ἤθροισε τὸν λαὸν
и҆ ви́дѣ лю́ди, ꙗ҆́кѡ сꙋ́ть въ стра́сѣ и҆ тре́петѣ, и҆ взы́де во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мъ и҆ собра̀ лю́ди,
And gave them exhortation, saying, Ye yourselves know what great things I, and my brethren, and my father’s house, have done for the laws and the sanctuary, the battles also and troubles which we have seen.
καὶ παρεκάλεσεν αὐτοὺς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· αὐτοὶ οἴδατε ὅσα ἐγὼ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί μου καὶ ὁ οἶκος τοῦ πατρός μου ἐποιήσαμεν περὶ τῶν νόμων καὶ τῶν ἁγίων, καὶ τοὺς πολέμους καὶ τὰς στενοχωρίας, ἃς εἴδομεν.
и҆ ᲂу҆вѣща̀ и҆̀хъ и҆ речѐ и҆̀мъ: вы̀ вѣ́сте, є҆ли̑ка а҆́зъ и҆ бра́тїѧ моѧ̑ и҆ до́мъ ѻ҆тца̀ моегѡ̀ сотвори́хомъ и҆ ѡ҆ зако́нѣхъ и҆ ѡ҆ ст҃ы́хъ, и҆ бра̑ни и҆ тѣснѡты̀, и҆̀хже ви́дѣхомъ:
By reason whereof all my brethren are slain for Israel’s sake, and I am left alone.
τούτου χάριν ἀπώλοντο οἱ ἀδελφοί μου πάντες χάριν τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ κατελείφθην ἐγὼ μόνος.
сегѡ̀ ра́ди погибо́ша бра́тїѧ моѧ̑ всѝ ра́ди і҆и҃лѧ, и҆ ѡ҆ста́хъ а҆́зъ є҆ди́нъ:
Now therefore be it far from me, that I should spare mine own life in any time of trouble: for I am no better than my brethren.
καὶ νῦν μή μοι γένοιτο φείσασθαί μου τῆς ψυχῆς ἐν παντὶ καιρῷ θλίψεως, οὐ γάρ εἰμι κρείσσων τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου.
и҆ нн҃ѣ не бꙋ́ди мѝ пощади́ти дꙋшѝ моеѧ̀ во всѧ́ко вре́мѧ скорбе́й, не бо̀ лꙋ́чшїй є҆́смь бра́тїи моеѧ̀:
Doubtless I will avenge my nation, and the sanctuary, and our wives, and our children: for all the heathen are gathered to destroy us of very malice.
πλὴν ἐκδικήσω περὶ τοῦ ἔθνους μου καὶ περὶ τῶν ἁγίων καὶ περὶ τῶν γυναικῶν καὶ τῶν τέκνων ἡμῶν, ὅτι συνήχθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ἐκτρῖψαι ἡμᾶς ἔχθρας χάριν.
ѻ҆ба́че ѿмщꙋ̀ ѡ҆ ꙗ҆зы́цѣ мое́мъ и҆ ѡ҆ ст҃ы́хъ и҆ ѡ҆ жена́хъ и҆ ча́дѣхъ на́шихъ: ꙗ҆́кѡ собра́шасѧ всѝ ꙗ҆зы́цы сотре́ти на́съ вражды̀ ра́ди.
Now as soon as the people heard these words, their spirit revived.
καὶ ἀνεζωοπύρησε τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ λαοῦ ἅμα τῷ ἀκοῦσαι τῶν λόγων τούτων,
И҆ возгорѣ́шасѧ дꙋ́хомъ лю́дїе вкꙋ́пѣ послꙋ́шати слове́съ си́хъ
And they answered with a loud voice, saying, Thou shalt be our leader instead of Judas and Jonathan thy brother.
καὶ ἀπεκρίθησαν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ λέγοντες· σὺ εἶ ἡμῶν ἡγούμενος ἀντὶ ᾿Ιούδα καὶ ᾿Ιωνάθαν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου·
и҆ ѿвѣща́ша гла́сомъ ве́лїимъ, глаго́люще: ты̀ є҆сѝ во́ждь на́шъ вмѣ́стѡ і҆ꙋ́ды и҆ і҆ѡнаѳа́на бра́та твоегѡ̀:
Fight thou our battles, and whatsoever, thou commandest us, that will we do.
πολέμησον τὸν πόλεμον ἡμῶν, καὶ πάντα, ὅσα ἂν εἴπῃς ἡμῖν, ποιήσομεν.
поборѝ бра́нь на́шꙋ, и҆ всѧ̑, є҆ли̑ка а҆́ще рече́ши на́мъ, сотвори́мъ.
So then he gathered together all the men of war, and made haste to finish the walls of Jerusalem, and he fortified it round about.
καὶ συνήγαγε πάντας τοὺς ἄνδρας τοὺς πολεμιστὰς καὶ ἐτάχυνε τοῦ τελέσαι τὰ τείχη ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ καὶ ὠχύρωσεν αὐτὴν κυκλόθεν.
И҆ собра̀ всѧ̑ мꙋ́жы бра́нники и҆ ᲂу҆скорѝ соверши́ти всѧ̑ стѣ́ны і҆ерⷭ҇ли̑мскїѧ и҆ ᲂу҆твердѝ є҆го̀ ѡ҆́крестъ:
Also he sent Jonathan the son of Absalom, and with him a great power, to Joppa: who casting out them that were therein remained there in it.
καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ᾿Ιωνάθαν τὸν τοῦ ᾿Αβεσσαλώμου καὶ μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ δύναμιν ἱκανὴν εἰς ᾿Ιόππην, καὶ ἐξέβαλε τοὺς ὄντας ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ ἔμεινεν ἐκεῖ ἐν αὐτῇ.
и҆ посла̀ і҆ѡнаѳа́на сы́на а҆вессалѡ́мова и҆ съ ни́мъ си́лꙋ дово́льнꙋю во і҆ѻппі́ю, и҆ и҆згна̀ сꙋ́щихъ въ не́й и҆ пребы́сть та́мѡ въ не́й.
So Tryphon removed from Ptolemais with a great power to invade the land of Judea, and Jonathan was with him in ward.
Καὶ ἀπῇρε Τρύφων ἀπὸ Πτολεμαΐδος μετὰ δυνάμεως πολλῆς εἰσελθεῖν εἰς γῆν ᾿Ιούδα, καὶ ᾿Ιωνάθαν μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἐν φυλακῇ.
И҆ воздви́жесѧ трѵ́фѡнъ ѿ птолемаі́ды съ си́лою ве́лїею вни́ти въ зе́млю і҆ꙋ́динꙋ, и҆ і҆ѡнаѳа́нъ съ ни́мъ въ стра́жи.
But Simon pitched his tents at Adida, over against the plain.
Σίμων δὲ παρενέβαλεν ἐν ᾿Αδιδὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ πεδίου.
Сі́мѡнъ же ѡ҆полчи́сѧ во а҆ді́дѣ на лицы̀ по́лѧ.
Now when Tryphon knew that Simon was risen up instead of his brother Jonathan, and meant to join battle with him, he sent messengers unto him, saying,
καὶ ἐπέγνω Τρύφων ὅτι ἀνέστη Σίμων ἀντὶ ᾿Ιωνάθαν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ ὅτι συνάπτειν αὐτῷ μέλλει πόλεμον, καὶ ἀπέστειλε πρὸς αὐτὸν πρέσβεις λέγων·
И҆ позна̀ трѵ́фѡнъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ воста̀ сі́мѡнъ вмѣ́стѡ бра́та своегѡ̀ і҆ѡнаѳа́на и҆ ꙗ҆́кѡ срази́тисѧ съ ни́мъ хо́щетъ бра́нїю,
Whereas we have Jonathan thy brother in hold, it is for money that he is owing unto the king’s treasure, concerning the business that was committed unto him.
περὶ ἀργυρίου, οὗ ὤφειλεν ᾿Ιωνάθαν ὁ ἀδελφός σου εἰς τὸ βασιλικὸν δι᾿ ἃς εἶχε χρείας, συνέχομεν αὐτόν·
посла̀ къ немꙋ̀ послы̀ глаго́лѧ: сребра̀ ра́ди, є҆́же до́лженъ бра́тъ тво́й і҆ѡнаѳа́нъ царю̀, потре́бъ ра́ди, и҆̀хже и҆мѣ́ѧше, содержи́мъ є҆го̀:
Wherefore now send an hundred talents of silver, and two of his sons for hostages, that when he is at liberty he may not revolt from us, and we will let him go.
καὶ νῦν ἀπόστειλον ἀργυρίου τάλαντα ἑκατὸν καὶ δύο τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ ὅμηρα, ὅπως μὴ ἀφεθεὶς ἀποστατήσῃ ἀφ᾿ ἡμῶν, καὶ ἀφήσομεν αὐτόν.
и҆ нн҃ѣ послѝ сребра̀ тала́нтѡвъ сто̀ и҆ два̀ сы̑на є҆гѡ̀ въ зало́гъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ да не ѿпꙋще́нъ ѿстꙋ́питъ ѿ на́съ, и҆ ѿпꙋ́стимъ є҆го̀.
Hereupon Simon, albeit he perceived that they spake deceitfully unto him yet sent he the money and the children, lest peradventure he should procure to himself great hatred of the people:
καὶ ἔγνω Σίμων ὅτι δόλῳ λαλοῦσι πρὸς αὐτόν, καὶ πέμπει τοῦ λαβεῖν τὸ ἀργύριον καὶ τὰ παιδάρια, μήποτε ἔχθραν ἄρῃ μεγάλην πρὸς τὸν λαὸν
И҆ позна̀ сі́мѡнъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ ле́стїю глаго́лютъ къ немꙋ̀, и҆ посла̀ сребро̀ и҆ ѻ҆́троки, да не когда̀ враждꙋ̀ прїи́метъ ве́лїю ѿ люді́й, глаго́лющихъ:
Who might have said, Because I sent him not the money and the children, therefore is Jonathan dead.
λέγων· ὅτι οὐκ ἀπέστειλα αὐτῷ τὸ ἀργύριον καὶ τὰ παιδάρια, καὶ ἀπώλετο.
ꙗ҆́кѡ не посла̀ є҆мꙋ̀ сребра̀ и҆ ѻ҆трокѡ́въ, и҆ поги́бе.
So he sent them the children and the hundred talents: howbeit Tryphon dissembled neither would he let Jonathan go.
καὶ ἀπέστειλε τὰ παιδάρια καὶ τὰ ἑκατὸν τάλαντα, καὶ διεψεύσατο καὶ οὐκ ἀφῆκε τὸν ᾿Ιωνάθαν.
И҆ посла̀ ѻ҆́троки и҆ сто̀ тала̑нтъ. И҆ солга̀ и҆ не ѿпꙋстѝ і҆ѡнаѳа́на.
And after this came Tryphon to invade the land, and destroy it, going round about by the way that leadeth unto Adora: but Simon and his host marched against him in every place, wheresoever he went.
καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἦλθε Τρύφων τοῦ ἐμβατεῦσαι εἰς τὴν χώραν καὶ ἐκτρῖψαι αὐτήν, καὶ ἐκύκλωσεν ὁδὸν τὴν εἰς ῎Αδωρα. καὶ Σίμων καὶ ἡ παρεμβολὴ αὐτοῦ ἀντιπαρῆγεν αὐτῷ εἰς πάντα τόπον, οὗ ἂν ἐπορεύετο.
И҆ по си́хъ прїи́де трѵ́фѡнъ, да вни́детъ во странꙋ̀ и҆ сотре́тъ ю҆̀, и҆ ѡ҆бы́де пꙋ́ть, и҆́же веде́тъ во а҆дѡ́рꙋ: а҆ сі́мѡнъ и҆ по́лкъ є҆гѡ̀ противоидѧ́ше є҆мꙋ̀ на всѧ́ко мѣ́сто, а҆́може и҆дѧ́ше.
Now they that were in the tower sent messengers unto Tryphon, to the end that he should hasten his coming unto them by the wilderness, and send them victuals.
οἱ δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἄκρας ἀπέστελλον πρὸς Τρύφωνα πρεσβευτὰς κατασπεύδοντας αὐτὸν τοῦ ἐλθεῖν πρὸς αὐτοὺς διὰ τῆς ἐρήμου καὶ ἀποστεῖλαι αὐτοῖς τροφάς.
Сꙋ́щїи же ѿ краегра́дїѧ посла́ша къ трѵ́фѡнꙋ послѡ́въ понꙋжда́ющихъ є҆го̀, да потщи́тсѧ прїитѝ къ ни̑мъ пꙋсты́нею и҆ посла́ти и҆̀мъ пи́щы.
Wherefore Tryphon made ready all his horsemen to come that night: but there fell a very great snow, by reason whereof he came not. So he departed, and came into the country of Galaad.
καὶ ἡτοίμασε Τρύφων πᾶσαν τὴν ἵππον αὐτοῦ ἐλθεῖν ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ἐκείνῃ, καὶ ἦν χιὼν πολλὴ σφόδρα, καὶ οὐκ ἦλθε διὰ τὴν χιόνα· καὶ ἀπῇρε καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν Γαλααδῖτιν.
И҆ ᲂу҆гото́ва трѵ́фѡнъ всѧ̑ ко́нники своѧ̑, є҆́же прїитѝ въ но́щь ѻ҆́нꙋю. и҆ бѣ̀ снѣ́гъ ве́лїй ѕѣлѡ̀, и҆ не прїи́де снѣ́га ра́ди: и҆ воста̀ и҆ ѿи́де въ галааді́тїдꙋ.
And when he came near to Bascama he slew Jonathan, who was buried there.
ὡς δὲ ἤγγισε τῆς Βασκαμᾶ, ἀπέκτεινε τὸν ᾿Ιωνάθαν, καὶ ἐτάφη ἐκεῖ.
Є҆гда́ же прибли́жисѧ къ васка́мѣ, ᲂу҆бѝ і҆ѡнаѳа́на, и҆ погребе́нъ бы́ти та́мѡ.
Afterward Tryphon returned and went into his own land.
καὶ ἐπέστρεψε Τρύφων καὶ ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ.
И҆ возврати́сѧ трѵ́фѡнъ и҆ и҆́де въ зе́млю свою̀.
Then sent Simon, and took the bones of Jonathan his brother, and buried them in Modin, the city of his fathers.
Καὶ ἀπέστειλε Σίμων καὶ ἔλαβε τὰ ὀστᾶ ᾿Ιωνάθαν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔθαψεν αὐτὰ ἐν Μωδεΐν πόλει τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ.
И҆ посла̀ сі́мѡнъ и҆ взѧ̀ кѡ́сти і҆ѡнаѳа́на бра́та своегѡ̀ и҆ погребѐ ѧ҆̀ въ мѡди́нѣ гра́дѣ ѻ҆тє́цъ свои́хъ.
And all Israel made great lamentation for him, and bewailed him many days.
καὶ ἐκόψαντο αὐτὸν πᾶς ᾿Ισραὴλ κοπετὸν μέγαν καὶ ἐπένθησαν αὐτὸν ἡμέρας πολλάς.
И҆ пла́каша є҆гѡ̀ ве́сь і҆и҃ль пла́чемъ ве́лїимъ и҆ рыда́хꙋ є҆гѡ̀ дни̑ мнѡ́ги.
Moreover he set up seven pyramids, one against another, for his father, and his mother, and his four brethren.
καὶ ἔστησεν ἐπ᾿ αὐτὰ ἑπτὰ πυραμίδας, μίαν κατέναντι τῆς μιᾶς τῷ πατρὶ καὶ τῇ μητρὶ καὶ τοῖς τέσσαρσιν ἀδελφοῖς.
и҆ поста́ви на ни́хъ се́дмь пѷрамі́дъ, є҆ди́нꙋ проти́вꙋ є҆ди́ноѧ, ѻ҆тцꙋ̀ и҆ ма́тери и҆ четы́ремъ бра́тїѧмъ:
With each teacher showing how the light of wisdom of each of the earlier Fathers was conferred on each person, a light which is granted to the faithful through the sevenfold Spirit.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesAnd in these he made cunning devices, about the which he set great pillars, and upon the pillars he made all their armour for a perpetual memory, and by the armour ships carved, that they might be seen of all that sail on the sea.
καὶ ταύταις ἐποίησε μηχανήματα περιθεὶς στύλους μεγάλους καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐπὶ τοῖς στύλοις πανοπλίας εἰς ὄνομα αἰώνιον καὶ παρὰ ταῖς πανοπλίαις πλοῖα ἐπιγεγλυμμένα εἰς τὸ θεωρεῖσθαι ὑπὸ πάντων τῶν πλεόντων τὴν θάλασσαν.
и҆ си̑мъ сотворѝ ѡ҆гра̑ды, и҆ ѡ҆бложѝ столпы̀ вели̑кїѧ, и҆ сотворѝ на столпѣ́хъ всеѻрꙋ̑жїѧ въ па́мѧть вѣ́чнꙋю, и҆ при всеѻрꙋ́жїихъ корабли̑ и҆зва̑ѧнныѧ, во є҆́же ви̑димымъ бы́ти ѿ всѣ́хъ пла́вающихъ на мо́ри.
Indicating their weakness and uprightness in faith, and how in that same faith they fought against enemies with spiritual weapons.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesFor, in this way those righteous who went before have crossed the sea of this present life in the ship of the cross of Christ, toiling amid the waves of this world, and by teaching they strengthen others in the hope of their comfort, so that they may know that just as that aforementioned ship safely brought them to the shore of rest, so also faith in the passion of Christ and in our redemption in it, if they are willing to have works worthy of that same faith, will grant to them the harbor of eternal salvation.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesThis is the sepulchre which he made at Modin, and it standeth yet unto this day.
οὗτος ὁ τάφος ὃν ἐποίησεν ἐν Μωδεΐν, ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης.
Се́й гро́бъ, є҆го́же сотворѝ въ мѡди́нѣ, да́же до сегѡ̀ днѐ.
Now Tryphon dealt deceitfully with the young king Antiochus, and slew him.
῾Ο δὲ Τρύφων ἐπορεύετο δόλῳ μετὰ ᾿Αντιόχου τοῦ βασιλέως τοῦ νεωτέρου καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτὸν
Трѵ́фѡнъ же хожда́ше ле́стїю со а҆нтїо́хомъ царе́мъ ю҆́нымъ, и҆ ᲂу҆бѝ є҆го̀,
About this Pompey reports as follows: While these things were taking place meanwhile in the regions of Syria, Tryphon, who had endeavored to have himself appointed by the people as guardian of Antiochus, the stepson of Demetrius, after killing his ward, seized the government of Syria. Having long held it, at last, when the favor of his recent rule had faded, he was defeated in war by Antiochus, still very much a boy, the brother of Demetrius, who was being brought up in Asia, and therefore the kingdom of Syria returned again to the offspring of Demetrius.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesAnd he reigned in his stead, and crowned himself king of Asia, and brought a great calamity upon the land.
καὶ ἐβασίλευσεν ἀντ᾿ αὐτοῦ καὶ περιέθετο διάδημα τῆς ᾿Ασίας καὶ ἐποίησε πληγὴν μεγάλην ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
и҆ воцари́сѧ вмѣ́стѡ є҆гѡ̀, и҆ возложѝ на сѧ̀ дїади́мꙋ а҆сі́йскꙋю, и҆ сотворѝ ꙗ҆́звꙋ вели́кꙋю на землѝ.
Then Simon built up the strong holds in Judea, and fenced them about with high towers, and great walls, and gates, and bars, and laid up victuals therein.
καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε Σίμων τὰ ὀχυρώματα τῆς ᾿Ιουδαίας, καὶ περιετείχισε πύργοις ὑψηλοῖς καὶ τείχεσι μεγάλοις καὶ πύλαις καὶ μοχλοῖς καὶ ἔθετο βρώματα ἐν τοῖς ὀχυρώμασι.
И҆ созда̀ сі́мѡнъ тверды̑ни і҆ꙋдє́йскїѧ, и҆ ѡ҆градѝ столпа́ми высо́кими и҆ стѣна́ми ве́лїими, и҆ врата́ми и҆ заво́рами, и҆ положѝ пи́щы въ тверды́нехъ.
Moreover Simon chose men, and sent to king Demetrius, to the end he should give the land an immunity, because all that Tryphon did was to spoil.
καὶ ἐπέλεξε Σίμων ἄνδρας καὶ ἀπέστειλε πρὸς Δημήτριον τὸν βασιλέα τοῦ ποιῆσαι ἄφεσιν τῇ χώρᾳ, ὅτι πᾶσαι αἱ πράξεις Τρύφωνος ἦσαν ἁρπαγαί.
И҆ и҆збра̀ сі́мѡнъ мꙋ́жы и҆ посла̀ ко дими́трїю царю̀, да сотвори́тъ ѡ҆слабле́нїе странѣ̀, ꙗ҆́кѡ всѧ̑ дѣла̀ трѵ́фѡнѡва бѣ́ша хищє́нїѧ.
That Simon sent men to King Demetrius to obtain remission for the region signifies, if I am not mistaken, that holy Church sends its preachers to the rulers of this world, so that by the word of faith it may win them to itself and bring to nothing the figurative deeds of Tryphon, that is, of heretics and schismatics, and crush by the rigor of external powers their pride, on account of which they were unwilling to submit to ecclesiastical gentleness. To these rulers the messengers also present a golden crown and peace, which they say is an ornament made entirely from golden rings according to the custom of the province: with these they promise, for the good contest of eternal life, a crown, and, for the timely support by which they help the churches through their edicts and acts of protection, heavenly rewards. Therefore in general.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesUnto whom king Demetrius answered and wrote after this manner:
καὶ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτῷ Δημήτριος ὁ βασιλεὺς κατὰ τοὺς λόγους τούτους καὶ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ καὶ ἔγραψεν αὐτῷ ἐπιστολὴν τοιαύτην·
И҆ посла̀ є҆мꙋ̀ дими́трїй ца́рь по словесє́мъ си̑мъ, и҆ ѿвѣща̀ є҆мꙋ̀, и҆ написа̀ є҆мꙋ̀ є҆пїсто́лїю сицевꙋ̀:
King Demetrius unto Simon the high priest, and friend of kings, as also unto the elders and nation of the Jews, sendeth greeting:
«Βασιλεὺς Δημήτριος Σίμωνι ἀρχιερεῖ καὶ φίλῳ βασιλέων καὶ πρεσβυτέροις καὶ ἔθνει ᾿Ιουδαίων χαίρειν.
ца́рь дими́трїй сі́мѡнꙋ а҆рхїере́ю и҆ дрꙋ́гꙋ царе́й и҆ старѣ́йшинамъ и҆ ꙗ҆зы́кꙋ і҆ꙋде́йскꙋ ра́доватисѧ:
The golden crown, and the scarlet robe, which ye sent unto us, we have received: and we are ready to make a stedfast peace with you, yea, and to write unto our officers, to confirm the immunities which we have granted.
τὸν στέφανον τὸν χρυσοῦν καὶ τὴν βαΐνην, ἣν ἀπεστείλατε, κεκομίσμεθα καὶ ἕτοιμοί ἐσμεν τοῦ ποιεῖν ὑμῖν εἰρήνην μεγάλην καὶ γράφειν τοῖς ἐπὶ τῶν χρειῶν τοῦ ἀφιέναι ὑμῖν ἀφέματα.
вѣне́цъ златы́й и҆ пе́рстень, ꙗ҆̀же посла́лъ є҆сѝ, воспрїѧ́хомъ, и҆ гото́ви є҆смы̀ сотвори́ти съ ва́ми ми́ръ вели́къ и҆ писа́ти къ сꙋ́щымъ над̾ да́ньми, є҆́же ѡ҆ста́вити ва́мъ да̑ни:
And whatsoever covenants we have made with you shall stand; and the strong holds, which ye have builded, shall be your own.
καὶ ὅσα ἑστήκαμεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ἕστηκε, καὶ τὰ ὀχυρώματα, ἃ ᾠκοδομήκατε, ὑπαρχέτω ὑμῖν.
и҆ є҆ли̑ка ᲂу҆ста́вихомъ ва́мъ, крѣ̑пка сꙋ́ть, и҆ твєрды́ни, ꙗ҆̀же созда́сте, да бꙋ́дꙋтъ ва́мъ:
As for any oversight or fault committed unto this day, we forgive it, and the crown tax also, which ye owe us: and if there were any other tribute paid in Jerusalem, it shall no more be paid.
ἀφίεμεν δὲ ἀγνοήματα καὶ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας καὶ τὸν στέφανον, ὃν ὠφείλετε, καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο ἐτελωνεῖτο ἐν ῾Ιερουσαλήμ, μηκέτι τελωνείσθω.
ѿпꙋща́емъ же невѣ̑дѣнїѧ и҆ согрѣшє́нїѧ да́же до дне́шнѧгѡ днѐ, и҆ вѣне́цъ, є҆го́же до́лжни бы́сте, и҆ а҆́ще ка́ѧ и҆на́ѧ да́нь бѣ̀ во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мѣ, ктомꙋ̀ да не бꙋ́дꙋтъ дава́ємаѧ:
And look who are meet among you to be in our court, let then be enrolled, and let there be peace betwixt us.
καὶ εἴ τινες ἐπιτήδειοι ὑμῶν γραφῆναι εἰς τοὺς περὶ ἡμᾶς, ἐγγραφέσθωσαν, καὶ γινέσθω ἀναμέσον ἡμῶν εἰρήνη».
и҆ а҆́ще нѣ́цыи ᲂу҆го́дни ѿ ва́съ вписа́тисѧ къ на́шымъ, да впи́шꙋтсѧ, и҆ да бꙋ́детъ междꙋ̀ на́ми ми́ръ.
Thus the yoke of the heathen was taken away from Israel in the hundred and seventieth year.
ἔτους ἑβδομηκοστοῦ καὶ ἑκατοστοῦ ᾔρθη ὁ ζυγὸς τῶν ἐθνῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ,
Лѣ́та сто̀ седмьдесѧ́тагѡ ѿѧ́то бы́сть и҆́го ꙗ҆зы́ческое ѿ і҆и҃лѧ,
Then the people of Israel began to write in their instruments and contracts, In the first year of Simon the high priest, the governor and leader of the Jews.
καὶ ἤρξατο ὁ λαὸς ᾿Ισραὴλ γράφειν ἐν ταῖς συγγραφαῖς καὶ συναλλάγμασιν ἔτους πρώτου ἐπὶ Σίμωνος ἀρχιερέως μεγάλου καὶ στρατηγοῦ καὶ ἡγουμένου ᾿Ιουδαίων.
и҆ нача́ша лю́дїе і҆и҃лєвы писа́ти въ писа́нїихъ и҆ въ совѣща́нїихъ: лѣ́та пе́рвагѡ при сі́мѡнѣ а҆рхїере́и вели́цѣмъ и҆ во́инѣ и҆ вождѝ і҆ꙋде́йстѣмъ.
In those days Simon camped against Gaza and besieged it round about; he made also an engine of war, and set it by the city, and battered a certain tower, and took it.
᾿Εν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις παρενέβαλε Σίμων ἐπὶ Γάζαρα καὶ ἐκύκλωσεν αὐτὴν παρεμβολαῖς καὶ ἐποίησεν ἑλεπόλεις καὶ προσήγαγε τῇ πόλει καὶ ἐπάταξε πύργον ἕνα καὶ κατελάβετο.
Во дне́хъ ѻ҆́нѣхъ прїи́де сі́мѡнъ въ га́зꙋ и҆ ѡ҆крꙋжѝ ю҆̀ полка́ми, и҆ сотворѝ миха̑ны и҆ прибли́жисѧ ко гра́дꙋ, и҆ и҆збѝ сто́лпъ є҆ди́нъ и҆ взѧ̀.
What does it mean that Simon undertakes to attack Gaza, if not that preachers strive to vanquish errors that must be condemned? Gaza, which is interpreted "his strength," signifies the hardness and rigidity of the nations. Therefore Simon builds many schemes against Gaza, when holy teachers employ various doctrinal means of the spirit to capture the fortifications of the nations, so that they may turn them into the saving spoil of their Lord and King, that is, Jesus Christ. In this he struck one tower and took it, when he laid low the pride of the Gentiles and brought their hearts into obedience to the Gospel.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesAnd they that were in the engine leaped into the city; whereupon there was a great uproar in the city:
καὶ ἐξήλλοντο οἱ ἐν τῇ ἑλεπόλει εἰς τὴν πόλιν, καὶ ἐγένετο κίνημα μέγα ἐν τῇ πόλει.
И҆ вскача́хꙋ во гра́дъ и҆̀же бѧ́хꙋ въ миха́нѣ, и҆ бы́сть смѧте́нїе ве́лїе въ гра́дѣ.
For although the disrespect of the barbarians has indeed tried to escape the Gospel, it has nevertheless been bound and restrained by the truthful testimonies of the law of God.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesWhen the whole world was shaken by the preaching of the Gospel, for a great disturbance arose in the city when the savagery of the nations was stirred up to persecute the confessors of Christ, so that those who were faithful defenders of the faith and doctrine of Christ became true martyrs.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesInsomuch as the people of the city rent their clothes, and climbed upon the walls with their wives and children, and cried with a loud voice, beseeching Simon to grant them peace.
καὶ ἀνέβησαν οἱ ἐν τῇ πόλει σὺν ταῖς γυναιξὶ καὶ τοῖς τέκνοις ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος διερρηχότες τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτῶν καὶ ἐβόησαν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ ἀξιοῦντες Σίμωνα δεξιὰς αὐτοῖς δοῦναι
И҆ взыдо́ша и҆̀же бѣ́хꙋ во гра́дѣ съ жена́ми и҆ ча̑ды на стѣ́нꙋ, растє́рзаны и҆мꙋ́ще ри̑зы своѧ̑, и҆ возопи́ша гла́сомъ ве́лїимъ, молѧ́ще сі́мѡна десни́цꙋ и҆̀мъ да́ти,
But who were they, and who are those who, with their wives and children, climbed up onto the wall with their garments torn and asked Simon to give them the right hand, if not those who, entangled in the anxieties and desires of this world by its riches, later converted, not tearing their clothes but their hearts through repentance, seek to receive from church leaders the right hands of reconciliation and fellowship? To whose petition Simon, the man of the Spirit, assenting with mercy, does not strike them with the sword of excommunication, but, leading them out from the superstition of paganism, removes their errors by cutting them away, so that he may prepare a fitting dwelling in their sinful hearts for the Lord Christ.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesAnd they said, Deal not with us according to our wickedness, but according to thy mercy.
καὶ εἶπαν· μὴ ἡμῖν χρήσῃ κατὰ τὰς πονηρίας ἡμῶν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸ ἔλεός σου.
и҆ реко́ша: не сотворѝ на́мъ по лꙋка́вствѡмъ на́шымъ, но по ми́лости твое́й.
So Simon was appeased toward them, and fought no more against them, but put them out of the city, and cleansed the houses wherein the idols were, and so entered into it with songs and thanksgiving.
καὶ συνελύθη Σίμων αὐτοῖς καὶ οὐκ ἐπολέμησεν αὐτούς· καὶ ἐξέβαλεν αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, καὶ ἐκαθάρισε τὰς οἰκίας, ἐν αἷς ἦν τὰ εἴδωλα, καὶ οὕτως εἰσῆλθεν εἰς αὐτὴν ὑμνῶν καὶ εὐλογῶν.
И҆ ᲂу҆ми́лостивисѧ и҆̀мъ сі́мѡнъ, не воева̀ и҆́хъ, и҆ и҆згна̀ и҆̀хъ ѿ гра́да: и҆ ѡ҆чи́сти до́мы, въ ни́хже бѧ́хꙋ і҆́дѡли, и҆ та́кѡ вни́де во́нь съ пѣ́сньми благословѧ̀ гдⷭ҇а:
So also, when the errors of the pagans have been cast out, with praises of God the holy teachers will enter the assemblies of the nations; then likewise they place there the men who make the law, because by sincere preachings they cause the true worshipers of Christ to be there.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesYea, he put all uncleanness out of it, and placed such men there as would keep the law, and made it stronger than it was before, and built therein a dwellingplace for himself.
καὶ ἐξέβαλεν ἐξ αὐτῆς πᾶσαν ἀκαθαρσίαν καὶ κατῴκισεν ἐκεῖ ἄνδρας, οἵτινες τὸν νόμον ποιοῦσι, καὶ προσωχύρωσεν αὐτὴν καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ἑαυτῷ ἐν αὐτῇ οἴκησιν.
и҆ и҆зве́рже и҆з̾ негѡ̀ всѧ́кꙋю нечистотꙋ̀, и҆ вселѝ въ не́мъ мꙋ́жы, и҆̀же зако́нъ творѧ́тъ, и҆ ᲂу҆твердѝ є҆го̀, и҆ сотворѝ себѣ̀ въ не́мъ ѡ҆бита́нїе.
As, through the Gospel, they strengthen the Church everywhere with the defense of faith, by residing in its abode, the very teachers, for their devout labor, await the eternal rewards which, for the confession they have made, are to be rendered to them at the end by the judge of the living and the dead.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesThey also of the tower in Jerusalem were kept so strait, that they could neither come forth, nor go into the country, nor buy, nor sell: wherefore they were in great distress for want of victuals, and a great number of them perished through famine.
οἱ δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἄκρας ἐν ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ ἐκωλύοντο ἐκπορεύεσθαι καὶ εἰσπορεύεσθαι εἰς τὴν χώραν καὶ ἀγοράζειν καὶ πωλεῖν καὶ ἐπείνασαν σφόδρα, καὶ ἀπώλοντο ἐξ αὐτῶν ἱκανοὶ τῇ λιμῷ.
Сꙋ́щымъ же ѿ краегра́дїѧ во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мѣ возбранѧ́шесѧ и҆сходи́ти и҆ входи́ти во странꙋ̀, и҆ кꙋпова́ти и҆ продава́ти: и҆ взалка́ша ѕѣлѡ̀, и҆ мно́зи ѿ ни́хъ гла́домъ погибо́ша.
Those who were in the citadel of Jerusalem and were attacking the Jews themselves signify the heretics and schismatics who, establishing themselves in the fortress of their own pride, stir up disputes and wars against Catholics. Simon forbids them to go out and enter the region and to buy and sell, because the holy teachers, together with the Catholics, order that no communion of fellowship at all be maintained with such people. For this reason many of them perished by famine, because many of them, once they were cut off outside the communion of the Church with anathema, perish through hunger for the word of God and lack of spiritual knowledge. But because, driven by extreme necessity, people of this sort asked that right hands of fellowship be given them by the Church, this agreement is imposed on them by the Church itself: that they abandon their errors, anathematize the wicked sects to which they had previously observed, and cleanse their conscience from all the wickedness of heretics, and therefore they are restored to the communion of the Church.
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesThen cried they to Simon, beseeching him to be at one with them: which thing he granted them; and when he had put them out from thence, he cleansed the tower from pollutions:
καὶ ἐβόησαν πρὸς Σίμωνα δεξιὰς λαβεῖν, καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς· καὶ ἐξέβαλεν αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖθεν καὶ ἐκαθάρισε τὴν ἄκραν ἀπὸ τῶν μιασμάτων.
И҆ возопи́ша къ сі́мѡнꙋ десни́цꙋ прїѧ́ти, и҆ дадѐ и҆̀мъ, и҆ и҆згна̀ и҆̀хъ ѿтꙋ́дꙋ и҆ ѡ҆чи́сти краегра́дїе ѿ ѡ҆скверне́нїй.
And entered into it the three and twentieth day of the second month in the hundred seventy and first year, with thanksgiving, and branches of palm trees, and with harps, and cymbals, and with viols, and hymns, and songs: because there was destroyed a great enemy out of Israel.
καὶ εἰσῆλθον εἰς αὐτὴν τῇ τρίτῃ καὶ εἰκάδι τοῦ δευτέρου μηνὸς ἔτους ἑνὸς καὶ ἑβδομηκοστοῦ καὶ ἑκατοστοῦ μετὰ αἰνέσεως καὶ βαΐων καὶ ἐν κινύραις καὶ ἐν κυμβάλοις καὶ ἐν νάβλαις καὶ ἐν ὕμνοις καὶ ἐν ᾠδαῖς, ὅτι συνετρίβη ἐχθρὸς μέγας ἐξ ᾿Ισραήλ.
И҆ вни́де въ нѐ въ два́десѧть тре́тїй де́нь втора́гѡ мцⷭ҇а, лѣ́та сто̀ се́дмьдесѧтъ пе́рвагѡ съ хвале́нїемъ и҆ ва́їѧми, и҆ въ гꙋ́слехъ и҆ кѷмва́лѣхъ и҆ сопѣ́лехъ, и҆ въ пѣ́снехъ и҆ пѣ́нїихъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ сокрꙋши́сѧ вра́гъ ве́лїй ѿ і҆и҃лѧ.
These numbers, that is, one hundred and seventy-one and twenty-three, are full of sacred mysteries: for the hundredth, in which Abraham begot Isaac, the son of promise, signifies the perfection of life; the seventieth, in which the captivity of the inhabitants of Jerusalem was ended, signifies the remission of sins. But because these things exist only in the truth of the Church, therefore a unit is added to the number seventy. Moreover, the number twenty-three signifies the faith of the Holy Trinity together with the two commandments of love, in which the whole fullness of the Law consists; and the second month, in which it seemed that Passover was to be celebrated for those who were pure with respect to the soul of man, shows the time of grace and the calling of the nations. Therefore, when according to this wording and the meaning of the mystical numbers victory is obtained by the faithful, that is, when they keep whole, according to the evangelical doctrine, the faith of the Holy Trinity with the two commandments of love, and, having the perfection of life according to their capacity, remain in the unity of the Church in understanding and faith so that they may come to the fullness of remission: therefore then they will rightly enter the heavenly Jerusalem with song and branches of palms, that is, with true praise and sure victory, and they will render various thanks and praises perpetually to their Creator for the salvation and security obtained, because the great enemy has been crushed out of Israel and death, together with its author dead, stands condemned forever. Nor does this sense conflict with the meaning of the following exposition, where it is written that Simon decreed that on this day joy should be celebrated every year, and that he fortified the mount of the temple, which was beside the citadel, and that he himself and those who were with him dwelt there: because at every time of this life the memory of that day is to be reserved in hope, on which, triumphing over death through the grace of our Redeemer, we shall be restored to eternal life.
Since each year we celebrate the somberness of the Lord's resurrection to show that through his resurrection and victory over death we hope both for the resurrection of our own bodies at the end of the age and for everlasting life in the heavenly kingdom, therefore we must fortify the mount of the temple, which is beside the citadel, that is, the incarnation of Christ, which by its own perfection surpasses every height of the perfection of the saints, by holding it with firm faith in our heart and by devoutly laboring in this throughout all the time of our life, both on our own behalf and on behalf of those entrusted to us, or joined to us in fellowship, so that, being joined to his body and united with it, we may likewise, together with him who is the head of the heavenly kingdom, become heirs. The blessed apostle Peter commends to us the joy and remembrance of that day in his Epistle, saying: But do not let this one thing escape your notice, beloved, that with the Lord one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years like one day. The Lord is not slow about his promises, but deals patiently for your sake, not wishing anyone to perish, but that all should turn back to repentance. But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, in which the heavens will pass away with a great rush, and the elements will be dissolved by heat. Since therefore all these things are to be dissolved, what sort of persons ought we to be in holy conduct and devotion, waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of the Lord, through which the burning heavens will be dissolved and the elements will melt with the heat of fire? Yet we await new heavens and a new earth and his promises, in which righteousness dwells. Therefore, beloved, as you await these things, strive to be found without blemish, in peace, and regard the patience of our Lord Jesus Christ as salvation (2 Peter 3:8-14).
Commentary on 1 MaccabeesHe ordained also that that day should be kept every year with gladness. Moreover the hill of the temple that was by the tower he made stronger than it was, and there he dwelt himself with his company.
καὶ ἔστησε κατ᾿ ἐνιαυτὸν τοῦ ἄγειν τὴν ἡμέραν ταύτην μετ᾿ εὐφροσύνης. καὶ προσωχύρωσε τὸ ὄρος τοῦ ἱεροῦ τὸ παρὰ τὴν ἄκραν· καὶ ᾤκει ἐκεῖ αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ.
И҆ ᲂу҆ста́ви на всѧ́кое лѣ́то провожда́ти де́нь то́й съ весе́лїемъ, и҆ ᲂу҆твердѝ го́рꙋ свѧти́лища, ꙗ҆́же бли́з̾ краегра́дїѧ, и҆ всели́сѧ тꙋ̀ са́мъ и҆ и҆̀же съ ни́мъ.
And when Simon saw that John his son was a valiant man, he made him captain of all the hosts; and he dwelt in Gazera.
καὶ εἶδε Σίμων τὸν ᾿Ιωάννην υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἀνήρ ἐστι, καὶ ἔθετο αὐτὸν ἡγούμενον τῶν δυνάμεων πασῶν· καὶ ᾤκει ἐν Γαζάροις.
И҆ ви́дѣ сі́мѡнъ і҆ѡа́нна сы́на своего̀, ꙗ҆́кѡ мꙋ́жъ є҆́сть, и҆ поста́ви є҆го̀ вожда̀ си́лъ всѣ́хъ, и҆ всели́сѧ въ газа́рѣхъ.
Simon entrusted to his son Joachim, when he saw that he was a man, the leadership of all the virtues, so as to show that no teacher ought to commit to his son or his disciple the authority and order of ecclesiastical governance unless he has first seen that he is a man, that is, proven in understanding and diligent in the works of virtue. But since above we have said that Simon bears the figure of the holy doctors, he can in this place express the meaning of the prince of shepherds, who has given to the Catholic people the ministry of sacred governance and the knowledge and effect of all virtues, to whom what is written in the following fits most suitably.
Commentary on 1 Maccabees
Simon also built a monument upon the sepulchre of his father and his brethren, and raised it aloft to the sight, with hewn stone behind and before.
καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε Σίμων ἐπὶ τὸν τάφον τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ ὕψωσεν αὐτὸν τῇ ὁράσει λίθῳ ξεστῷ ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν.
И҆ созда̀ сі́мѡнъ над̾ гро́бомъ ѻ҆тца̀ своегѡ̀ и҆ бра́тїй свои́хъ, и҆ вознесѐ є҆го̀ видѣ́нїемъ, ка́менїемъ те́санымъ созадѝ и҆ сопредѝ,
Simon constructs, for his father and mother and brothers, out of polished stone a memorial above the tombs, just as holy preachers, by recalling to those present the deeds of the fathers who went before and their glorious end, show them with great authority as examples: for this is what it means to place polished stone before and behind, namely that they strive clearly, by a faithful narrative, to explain to their hearers how they lived before the end of life in regard to doctrine and holy conduct, and what kind of example of the patience of their long-suffering they left to their descendants after their death. Moreover, that holy men are called by the name of father and mother and brothers is shown by the Savior in the Gospel, saying: "Whoever does the will of my Father who is in heaven, he is my brother and sister and mother" (Matt. 12:50). Therefore the Apostle Paul, writing to the Corinthians, says (1 Cor. 4:15): "For though you have ten thousand instructors in Christ, yet not many fathers; for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you through the Gospel;" and of Timothy he says to the Philippians: "But know the proof of him, that as a son with a father he has served with me in the Gospel." (Philip. 2:22)
Commentary on 1 Maccabees