Acts 19
Commentary from 16 fathers
He said unto them, Have ye received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? And they said unto him, We have not so much as heard whether there be any Holy Ghost.
εἶπε πρὸς αὐτούς· εἰ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον ἐλάβετε πιστεύσαντες; οἱ δὲ εἶπον πρὸς αὐτόν· ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲ εἰ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιόν ἐστιν ἠκούσαμεν.
речѐ къ ни̑мъ: а҆́ще ᲂу҆́бѡ дх҃ъ ст҃ъ прїѧ́ли є҆стѐ вѣ́ровавше; Ѻ҆ни́ же рѣ́ша къ немꙋ̀: но нижѐ а҆́ще дх҃ъ ст҃ы́й є҆́сть, слы́шахомъ.
Christ, then, did not need baptism—not John’s or any other’s; rather, baptism was needful of the power of Christ. In fact, that which was lacking was the chief of all blessings, namely, for the baptized to be deemed worthy of the Spirit. Therefore, [Paul] added this valuable gift of the Spirit when he came.
Homilies on the Gospel of John 17
"Have ye received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? And they said unto him, We have not so much as heard whether there be any Holy Ghost." He does not say to them, Do ye believe in Jesus? but what? "Have ye received the Holy Ghost?" He knew that they had not, but wishes themselves to say it, that having learnt what they lack, they may ask.
Homily on Acts 40
And he said to them: Did you receive the Holy Spirit upon believing? This means, Did you receive the laying on of hands, by which the Holy Spirit is usually given, after baptism?
Commentary on Acts
And he said unto them, Unto what then were ye baptized? And they said, Unto John's baptism.
εἶπέ τε πρὸς αὐτούς· εἰς τί οὖν ἐβαπτίσθητε; οἱ δὲ εἶπον· εἰς τὸ Ἰωάννου βάπτισμα.
Рече́ же къ ни̑мъ: во что̀ ᲂу҆̀бо крести́стесѧ; Ѻ҆ни́ же реко́ша: во і҆ѡа́нново креще́нїе.
3–4"And he said unto them, Unto what then were ye baptized? And they said, Unto John's baptism. Then said Paul, John verily baptized with the baptism of repentance, saying unto the people, that they should believe on Him who should come after him, that is, on Christ Jesus." And he did not say, The baptism of John is nothing, but, It is incomplete. Nor does he add this in so many words, but he taught them, and many received the Holy Ghost. From the baptism itself John prophesies: and Paul leads them to see that this is the meaning of John's baptism. "That they should believe on Him that was to come:" on what kind of Person? "I indeed baptize you with water, but He that cometh after me, shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost."
Homily on Acts 40
Then said Paul, John verily baptized with the baptism of repentance, saying unto the people, that they should believe on him which should come after him, that is, on Christ Jesus.
εἶπε δὲ Παῦλος· Ἰωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισε βάπτισμα μετανοίας, τῷ λαῷ λέγων εἰς τὸν ἐρχόμενον μετ᾿ αὐτὸν ἵνα πιστεύσωσι, τοῦτ᾿ ἔστιν εἰς τὸν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν.
Рече́ же па́ѵелъ: і҆ѡа́ннъ ᲂу҆́бѡ крестѝ креще́нїемъ покаѧ́нїѧ, лю́демъ глаго́лѧ, да во грѧдꙋ́щаго по не́мъ вѣ́рꙋютъ, си́рѣчь во хрⷭ҇та̀ і҆и҃са.
John’s baptism had already raised the question, which our Lord himself posed for the Pharisees, whether it was something heavenly or just from earth. They, clearly not understanding because of their unbelief, could not come to a definite answer. We, however, having only a slight understanding that accords with our slight faith, can still judge that John’s baptism was, on the one hand, divine in that God commanded it, but on the other, it was not divine in its power. We read that John had been sent by the Lord for this purpose, which was still human in nature, for he, established as a preacher of repentance, which is a question of a person’s will, was offering nothing heavenly but was making way for the heavenly. Therefore, the scribes and the Pharisees who were unwilling to believe were also unwilling to undergo repentance. But if repentance is something human, then it must be that the baptism was of the very same nature, for had it been heavenly it would have given both the Holy Spirit and remission from sins. But no one forgives sins or grants the Holy Spirit but God alone. Besides, the Lord himself said that the Spirit would otherwise not descend unless he first should ascend to the Father. And so what the master would not yet give, the slave would surely not be able to offer. And again, later, in the Acts of the Apostles we find that those who had received John’s baptism had not received the Holy Spirit of whom they had never even been told. Therefoe, it was not of heaven because it offered nothing heavenly.
On Baptism 10.1-5
" And so "the baptism of repentance" was dealt with as if it were a candidate for the remission and sanctification shortly about to follow in Christ: for in that John used to preach "baptism for the remission of sins," the declaration was made with reference to future remission; if it be true, (as it is, ) that repentance is antecedent, remission subsequent; and this is "preparing the way.
On Baptism
From John's baptism he prophesies, and he leads them to understand that this was John's baptism. From this point it is shown that John's baptism was incomplete. For he did not say that it was forgiveness, but that it was of repentance. [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
John baptized with the baptism of repentance. This baptism, he says, could not grant the remission of sins but could teach only repentance. For just as the sign of circumcision was a seal of the faith which they carried in the patriarchs, so this washing was accepted by the repentant people as a singular sign of their devotion: Yet this same thing was figuratively showing also the baptism of Christ, by which remission would be granted.
Commentary on Acts
When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.
ἀκούσαντες δὲ ἐβαπτίσθησαν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ.
Слы́шавше же крести́шасѧ во и҆́мѧ гдⷭ҇а і҆и҃са,
Of the existence of the Holy Spirit … we are taught in many passages of Scripture. For instance, David says in the fiftieth psalm, “And take not your Holy Spirit from me,” and in Daniel it is said, “The Holy Spirit, who is in you.” But in the New Testament we have proofs in abundance, as when the Holy Spirit is related to have descended upon Christ, and when the Lord breathed on his apostles after the resurrection and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit,” and the angel said to Mary, “The Holy Spirit shall come upon you,” and Paul teaches us that “no one can say that Jesus is the Lord except in the Holy Spirit,” and in the Acts of the Apostles “through the laying on of the apostles’ hands the Holy Spirit was given” in baptism. From all of which we learn that the person of the Holy Spirit is of so great authority and dignity that saving baptism is not complete except when performed with the authority of the whole most excellent Trinity, that is, by naming the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
On First Principles 1.3.2
Therefore the baptism of John was an exhortation to repentance only, but it did not provide a purification from sins. This, then, is the difference between the baptism of John and that of the faithful: the baptism of the faithful gives the gift of the remission of sins. While baptizing, John said, “I baptize you for the one coming after me, and I ask you to believe in him, because he is the Lamb of God.” Now the one who faithfully baptizes says, “I baptize you in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,” so that you may believe in the consubstantial Trinity. He washes the baptized thoroughly, strips away his previously existing superstition, and re-clothes him with Christ, as he purely proclaims the true faith. Furthermore, it must be noted first that after baptism into Christ, the Holy Spirit descends upon those baptized when the one baptizing lays his hands on them, and second that those baptized with the baptism of John did not possess the Holy Spirit. How then did Apollos, who had only been baptized with John’s baptism, burn with the Spirit? Even if Apollos burned with the Spirit, it is not said that he possessed the Holy Spirit. In fact, he neither was speaking in tongues nor prophesying. Therefore, it is one thing to burn with the Spirit and another to possess the Holy Spirit. Whoever possessed the Holy Spirit had it dwelling within him, and the Spirit itself spoke from within. Many of these things are referred to previously, as when the Spirit spoke to Philip, to Peter, to the apostles and to Paul and his companions, when he ordered them either to speak or not speak the word in certain cities. Whoever burned with the Spirit did this or that through an external illumination and impulse, as one led by the Spirit, just as someone might be led or protected by an angel. Now, do not say to me, “How is it possible for one who does not share in the Spirit to burn with the Spirit?” For it is necessary to establish what is unseen on the basis of what is seen. If the sun and fire, being outside of us, by drawing near to our bodies or also to be at a small distance, as is the case with fire, warm our bodies, what should we say about the divine Spirit that is truly hot and sets our interior person on fire, even if the Spirit does not live within but is without? It is possible, in the way that everything is possible to God, that someone be set on fire, even if the heat is not dwelling within.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.5
5–6"When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied." The gift is twofold: tongues and prophesyings. Hence is shown an important doctrine, that the baptism of John is incomplete. And he does not say, "Baptism" of forgiveness, but, "of repentance." So that it was likely they had the Spirit, but it did not appear until Paul had laid his hands upon them: then they spake with tongues, etc.
Homily on Acts 40
Did he baptize after a heretic had baptized? Or, if perhaps you dare to say that the friend of the bridegroom was a heretic and was not in the unity of the church, I wish you would write that also. But, if it is complete madness either to think or to say that, then it is the duty of your prudence to reflect on the reason why the apostle Paul baptized after John. If he baptized after an equal, all of you ought to baptize after yourselves; if after a superior, you ought to baptize after Rogatus; if after an inferior, Rogatus should have baptized after you, because you baptized as a priest. On the other hand, if the baptism that is now given is equally valid to those who receive it in spite of the unequal merit of those who give it, because it is the baptism of Christ, not of those by whom it is administered, I think you now understand that Paul gave to some the baptism of Christ for the reason that they had received the baptism of John but not that of Christ.
Letter 93
5–6Then, having been baptized into the name of the Lord, he says that by the laying on of Paul's hands they immediately receive the Spirit. But this he did not see; for it is invisible. Yet grace gave some perceptible proof of that operation. And one spoke in the Persian tongue, another in the Roman, another in the Indian, another in some other such language; he uttered speech. And this was revealed to those outside, that the Spirit was in the one who uttered, God showing that this is of the highest authority. [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
Having heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. A question is frequently discussed, whether those who, perhaps due to ignorance, were baptized by some who were not themselves baptized, yet were of the right faith, ought to be baptized again; which matter, I think, is explained in this chapter. For what difference does it make whether someone is baptized before the beginning of Christ's baptism or now without its succession, since even John himself, whom he baptized in faith and in the name of Christ, though it was to come, had baptized, said they should be baptized again, saying: "I baptize you with water; he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit" (Matt. III)? For if now, such people could be remedied sufficiently by participation in the body and blood of Christ alone, as some assert, it might have sufficed then too; nor would it have been necessary for those whom John baptized with water to be baptized by Christ's disciples, but merely to be confirmed by sharing in the blood.
Commentary on Acts
And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied.
καὶ ἐπιθέντος αὐτοῖς τοῦ Παύλου τὰς χεῖρας ἦλθε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἐπ᾿ αὐτούς, ἐλάλουν τε γλώσσαις καὶ προεφήτευον.
и҆ возло́жшꙋ па́ѵлꙋ на нѧ̀ рꙋ́цѣ, прїи́де дх҃ъ ст҃ы́й на нѧ̀, глаго́лахꙋ же ѧ҆зы̑ки и҆ проро́чествовахꙋ.
Wherefore, then, my brethren, let us struggle with all earnestness, knowing that the contest is [in our case] close at hand, and that many undertake long voyages to strive for a corruptible reward; yet all are not crowned, but those only that have laboured hard and striven gloriously. Let us therefore so strive, that we may all be crowned. Let us run the straight course, even the race that is incorruptible; and let us in great numbers set out for it, and strive that we may be crowned. And should we not all be able to obtain the crown, let us at least come near to it. We must remember that he who strives in the corruptible contest, if he be found acting unfairly, is taken away and scourged, and cast forth from the lists. What then think ye? If one does anything unseemly in the incorruptible contest, what shall he have to bear? For of those who do not preserve the seal [unbroken], [the Scripture] says, "Their worm shall not die, and their fire shall not be quenched, and they shall be a spectacle to all flesh." [Isaiah 66:24]
Second Epistle To The Corinthians (Pseudo-Clement)
That we must not grieve the Holy Spirit, whom we have received. Paul the apostle to the Ephesians: "Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God, in which ye were sealed in the day of redemption. Let all bitterness, and wrath, and indignation, and clamour, and blasphemy, be taken away from you."
Treatise XII Three Books of Testimonies Against the Jews
6–7They did not see the Spirit, because He is invisible; but a certain sensible proof of His presence was offered by the gift of tongues: one spoke in Persian, another in Roman, a third in some other language; and by these outward signs it was evident that the Spirit was speaking in each one.
Commentary on Acts
And all the men were about twelve.
ἦσαν δὲ οἱ πάντες ἄνδρες ὡσεὶ δεκαδύο.
Бѧ́ше же всѣ́хъ мꙋже́й ꙗ҆́кѡ двана́десѧть.
All the men were about twelve, etc. But the judgments of God are a great abyss. Behold, recently deemed unworthy of the visitation of the apostles, Asia is now consecrated by the Apostolic number and elevated by the prophetic gift. And it should be noted that the Holy Spirit also here showed the signs of his coming upon the twelve disciples, and above upon the one hundred and twenty, which is the number twelve multiplied by ten, that sign in Jerusalem, this in Ephesus, which is a city of the Greeks. I believe to show that whether a person believes from among the Jews or the Gentiles, they only who communicate with the unity of the Catholic and Apostolic Church are fulfilled.
Commentary on Acts
And he went into the synagogue, and spake boldly for the space of three months, disputing and persuading the things concerning the kingdom of God.
Εἰσελθὼν δὲ εἰς τὴν συναγωγὴν ἐπαρρησιάζετο ἐπὶ μῆνας τρεῖς διαλεγόμενος καὶ πείθων τὰ περὶ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ.
Вше́дъ же въ со́нмище, дерза́ше, не ѡ҆бинꙋ́ѧсѧ трѝ мцⷭ҇ы бесѣ́дꙋѧ и҆ ᲂу҆вѣрѧ́ѧ, ꙗ҆̀же ѡ҆ црⷭ҇твїи бж҃їи.
8–9"And having entered in to the synagogue," etc. But why did he speak boldly? It means, he was ready to confront dangers, and disputed more openly, not veiling the doctrines. "But when some were hardened, and spake evil of the way, having departed from them, he separated the disciples." He put a stop, it means, to their evil-speaking: he did not wish to kindle their envy, nor to bring them into more contention. Hence let us also learn not to put ourselves in the way of evil-speaking men, but to depart from them: he did not speak evil, when himself evil spoken of. "He disputed daily," and by this gained the many, that, being evil intreated and evil spoken of, he did not utterly break away from them, and keep aloof. The evil-speakers are defeated. They calumniated the doctrine itself; therefore so as neither to rouse the disciples to wrath, nor disturb them, he withdrew, showing that everywhere alike they repel salvation from them.
Homily on Acts 41
See him in every place forcing his way into the synagogue, and in this manner departing thence. For in every place, he wished to have the occasion given him by them. He wished to separate the disciples thence, and to have the beginning for ceasing to assemble with them, given by the Jews themselves. He was henceforth "provoking them to jealousy." For both the Gentiles readily received him, and the Jews, upon the Gentiles receiving him, repented. This is why he continually made a stir among them, "for three months arguing and persuading concerning the kingdom of God": for you must not suppose because you hear of his "speaking boldly," that there was any harshness: it was of good things that he discoursed, of a kingdom: who would not have heard him?
Homily on Acts 41
What does "boldly" mean? He exposed himself to dangers or began to speak even more clearly, without obscuring his teaching. Look: everywhere Paul enters the synagogues and always comes out the same way, since everywhere he wished to take advantage of the opportunity.
Commentary on Acts
But when divers were hardened, and believed not, but spake evil of that way before the multitude, he departed from them, and separated the disciples, disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus.
ὡς δέ τινες ἐσκληρύνοντο καὶ ἠπείθουν κακολογοῦντες τὴν ὁδὸν ἐνώπιον τοῦ πλήθους, ἀποστὰς ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν ἀφώρισε τοὺς μαθητάς, καθ᾿ ἡμέραν διαλεγόμενος ἐν τῇ σχολῇ Τυράννου τινός.
И҆ є҆гда̀ нѣ́цыи ѡ҆жесточа́хꙋсѧ и҆ прѧ́хꙋсѧ, ѕлосло́вѧще пꙋ́ть гдⷭ҇ень пред̾ наро́домъ, ѿстꙋ́пль ѿ ни́хъ ѿлꙋчѝ ᲂу҆чн҃кѝ, по всѧ̑ дни̑ стѧза́ѧсѧ во ᲂу҆чи́лищи мꙋчи́телѧ {власти́телѧ} нѣ́коегѡ.
He warned us, to be sure, at that time (for elsewhere our Discipline is called "the Way" ), that when, set in "the way" of prayer, we go not unto "the Father" with anger.
On Prayer
9–10"But when divers were hardened, speaking evil of the way." They might well call it "the way"; this was indeed the way, that led into the kingdom of heaven. "He departed from them, and separated the disciples, disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus. And this was done for the space of two years, so that all that were in Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks." Do you mark how much was effected by his persisting? "Both Jews and Greeks heard: all that dwelt in Asia": it was for this also that the Lord suffered him not to go into Asia on a former occasion; waiting, as it seems to me, for this same conjuncture. Here now he does not even apologize, seeing that the Gentiles everywhere have believed. "In the school of one Tyrannus": it was not that he sought the place, but without more ado where there was a school there he discoursed.
Homily on Acts 41
Fittingly do they call this "the way," as it truly was the way that leads to the kingdom of heaven. Or the Scripture is saying that Christ is the way, as he is called the way, or it is speaking of the true faith, that which is proclaimed through Paul, by which any wayfarer arrives at the kingdom of heaven.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.9
"But when divers were hardened, speaking evil of the way." They might well call it "the way"; this was indeed the way, that led into the kingdom of heaven. "He departed from them, and separated the disciples, disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus." He put a stop to their evil-speaking: he did not wish to kindle their envy. Hence let us also learn not to put ourselves in the way of evil-speaking men, but to depart from them: he did not speak evil, when himself evil spoken of. "He disputed daily," and by this gained the many.
Homily on Acts 41
"criticizing the way." Either "the Way" means Christ, or it means the true faith. For this is the Way that leads into the kingdom of heaven. From this also he instructs us to separate those who believe in him from those who blaspheme the Son of God.
Commentary on Acts
"But when some were hardened, and believed not," etc. When some of the Ephesians, stubborn-willed, believed not, he separated his disciples from them and discussed daily in Tyrannus's school for two years, performing many miracles, so that his handkerchiefs were laid on sick people and they were restored to their former health. There were, however, seven deceitful brothers, the sons of the chief of the synagogue, who would say to demoniacs: "I conjure you by Jesus Christ, whom Paul preacheth, to go out quickly." But the wicked spirit would answer to them: "Jesus I know" "indeed, and Paul I know; but who ye are, I know not." And the possessed would fight against them tenaciously. When that became known, a great multitude of the people converted. Then people who had been following curious arts of the world brought their books and, judging them superfluous, consumed them with fire. Those books had been bought for as much as fifty thousand pieces of silver. After all this was done, Paul sent two men, Timothy and Erastus, to Macedonia, and himself remained in Asia for a time.
Complexiones on the Acts of the Apostles
9–10He separated the disciples, daily disputing in the school of a certain Tyrannus. This happened for three years, etc. At this time, while Paul was staying in Ephesus, it is said that he wrote the first letter to the Corinthians, in which he also mentions Priscilla and Aquila, saying: "Aquila and Priscilla greet you much in the Lord, with the church that is in their house" (1 Cor. XVI). By this word it is also shown that not only did they serve Christ faithfully, but also had a congregation of faithful in their house. Furthermore, the second epistle is said to have been written when he was in Troas: Moreover, the Epistle to the Romans was written later as the record shows. For he himself testifies that he wrote it on his journey to Jerusalem.
Retractions on Acts
9–10Luke calls Christ "the Way," of Whom it is also said that He is the way (see John 14:6). Or else he calls "the way" the true faith which Paul preached. And by the words "he separated the disciples," the instruction is given that those who believe in the Son of God should withdraw from those who revile Him.
Commentary on Acts
And this continued by the space of two years; so that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks.
τοῦτο δὲ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ ἔτη δύο, ὥστε πάντας τοὺς κατοικοῦντας τὴν Ἀσίαν ἀκοῦσαι τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ, Ἰουδαίους τε καὶ ῞Ελληνας.
Сїе́ же бы́сть два̀ лѣ̑та, ꙗ҆́кѡ всѣ̑мъ живꙋ́щымъ во а҆сі́и слы́шати сло́во гдⷭ҇а і҆и҃са, жидѡ́мъ же и҆ є҆́ллинѡмъ.
See how much separating oneself accomplishes: both the Jews and Hellenes came to listen. He teaches those who believe in the Son of God to separate themselves from those who blaspheme him.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.10
"And this was done for the space of two years, so that all that were in Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks." Do you mark how much was effected by his persisting? "Both Jews and Greeks heard: all that dwelt in Asia": it was for this also that the Lord suffered him not to go into Asia on a former occasion; waiting, as it seems to me, for this same conjuncture. And so he disputed in the school of one Tyrannus for two years: where were believers, and believers exceedingly advanced in the faith. Moreover Paul writes to them as to great men.
Homily on Acts 41
And God wrought special miracles by the hands of Paul:
Δυνάμεις τε οὐ τὰς τυχούσας ἐποίει ὁ Θεὸς διὰ τῶν χειρῶν Παύλου,
Си̑лы же не прѡ́сты творѧ́ше бг҃ъ рꙋка́ма па́ѵловыма,
11–12"And God wrought special miracles by the hands of Paul: so that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirits went out of them." Not touched the wearer only and so were healed, but also receiving them, they laid them upon the sick and so healed them. "He that believeth on Me," saith Christ, "doeth greater works than those which I do." This, and the miracle of the shadows is what He meant in those words. And look, no sooner is the trial from those without over, than this from the demons begins. Mark the infatuated Jewish hardness. Having seen his garments working miracles, they paid no heed to it. What could be greater than this? But, on the contrary, it resulted in just the opposite effect. If any of the heathens believe not, having seen the very dust working these effects, let him believe.
Homily on Acts 41
11–12Not only at the time when Paul wore "handkerchiefs and aprons" did people touch them, but they also took them away and laid them on the sick. But pay attention to the hardness of heart of the Jews. They were not moved by the fact that the garments of Christ's disciples produced miracles, even though the miracles from the handkerchiefs and aprons and from the shadows of the disciples are greater than those miracles which Christ performed. The handkerchiefs, headbands, and towels were made of linen; the headbands were thrown over the head, while the towels were held in the hands by those who could not wear headbands; the purpose of both was to wipe sweat, saliva, tears, and other things from the face.
Commentary on Acts
So that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirits went out of them.
ὥστε καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀσθενοῦντας ἐπιφέρεσθαι ἀπὸ τοῦ χρωτὸς αὐτοῦ σουδάρια ἢ σιμικίνθια καὶ ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν τὰς νόσους, τά τε πνεύματα τὰ πονηρὰ ἐξέρχεσθαι ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν.
ꙗ҆́кѡ и҆ на недꙋ̑жныѧ наноси́ти ѿ (по́та) тѣ́ла є҆гѡ̀ главотѧ́жы и҆ ᲂу҆брꙋ́сцы, и҆ и҆сцѣли́тисѧ и҆̀мъ ѿ недꙋ̑гъ, и҆ дꙋхѡ́мъ лꙋка̑вымъ и҆сходи́ти ѿ ни́хъ.
What Christ is saying is this, "Whoever believes in me will, in my name, do greater signs than I have done." And these are the greater signs that they did: their shadows raised the dead. Thus was the power of Christ especially proclaimed, since it was not so marvelous that he performed miracles while living, as it was that, when he had died, others were able to do greater than [Christ] in his own name. This itself was the most irrefutable demonstration of the resurrection. He would not, even had he been seen, have been believed to such an extent, since they could have said that he was a phantasm, but should someone see greater signs occur from the mere mention of his name—even when he was among humankind in the flesh—that one, unless terribly shameless, would not have refused to believe.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.11-12
"So that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirits went out of them." Not touched the wearer only and so were healed, but also receiving them, they laid them upon the sick and so healed them. "He that believeth on Me," saith Christ, "doeth greater works than those which I do." This, and the miracle of the shadows is what He meant in those words. Wonderful, how great the power of them that have believed! Mark the infatuated Jewish hardness. Having seen his garments working miracles, they paid no heed to it. What could be greater than this? But, on the contrary, it resulted in just the opposite effect.
Homily on Acts 41
"handkerchiefs or aprons." I think both are linen-like; but the handkerchiefs are placed upon the head, while the aprons are held in the hands by those unable to wear handkerchiefs, such as those who wear secondary garments or sleaves to wipe away the moistures of the face, for example sweat, spittle, tears, and the like. [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
So that even handkerchiefs or aprons that had touched his skin were carried to the sick. Many of us do not know what aprons signify; however, Gregory, who is now the bishop of the Apostolic See, while he was still an archdeacon, answered a friend from Britain who inquired about this among other things, that it is a kind of handkerchief which the Hebrews use on their heads.
Retractions on Acts
Then certain of the vagabond Jews, exorcists, took upon them to call over them which had evil spirits the name of the LORD Jesus, saying, We adjure you by Jesus whom Paul preacheth.
ἐπεχείρησαν δέ τινες ἀπὸ τῶν περιερχομένων Ἰουδαίων ἐξορκιστῶν ὀνομάζειν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἔχοντας τὰ πνεύματα τὰ πονηρὰ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ λέγοντες· ὁρκίζομεν ὑμᾶς τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὃν ὁ Παῦλος κηρύσσει.
Нача́ша же нѣ́цыи ѿ скита́ющихсѧ і҆ꙋдє́й заклина́телей и҆менова́ти над̾ и҆мꙋ́щими дꙋ́хи лꙋка̑выѧ и҆́мѧ гдⷭ҇а і҆и҃са, глаго́люще: заклина́емъ вы̀ і҆и҃сомъ, є҆го́же па́ѵелъ проповѣ́дꙋетъ.
And the nature of all these deceits is obscure to those who are without the truth. For they think that those demons profit them when they cease to injure, whereas they have no power except to injure. Some one may perchance say that they are therefore to be worshipped, that they may not injure, since they have the power to injure. They do indeed injure, but those only by whom they are feared, whom the powerful and lofty hand of God does not protect, who are uninitiated in the mystery of truth. But they fear the righteous, that is, the worshippers of God, adjured by whose name they depart from the bodies of the possessed: for, being lashed by their words as though by scourges, they not only confess themselves to be demons, but even utter their own names—those which are adored in the temples—which they generally do in the presence of their own worshippers; not, it is plain, to the disgrace of religion, but to the disgrace of their own honour, because they cannot speak falsely to God, by whom they are adjured, nor to the righteous, by whose voice they are tortured. Therefore ofttimes having uttered the greatest howlings, they cry out that they are beaten, and are on fire, and that they are just on the point of coming forth: so much power has the knowledge of God, and righteousness!
The Divine Institutes, Book 2, Chapter XVI
"Then certain of the vagabond Jews, exorcists, took upon them to call over them which had evil spirits the name of the Lord Jesus, saying, We adjure you by Jesus whom Paul preacheth." So entirely did they do all by way of trade! Observe: vagabond, or, itinerant, Jewish exorcists. And to believe indeed, they had no mind; but by that Name they wished to cast out the demons. "By Jesus, whom Paul preacheth." Only see what a name Paul had got! Wonderful, how great the power of them that have believed! Both Simon for the sake of merchandise sought the grace of the Spirit, and these for this object did this. What hardness of heart! Why does not Paul rebuke them? It would have looked like envy, therefore it is so ordered.
Homily on Acts 41
13–16"Some of the roaming Jewish exorcists." This statement shows that they did not, like exorcists believing in Jesus, adjure unclean spirits in the name of the Lord, but were testing them: wherefore also, since they were not faithful, as the evil spirit says, they shortly paid the penalty of their foolishness. For the spirit exposed them, and wholly exposed their deceit, moved by anger: as when one placed in extreme dangers is attacked by some enemy, and all wrath is poured out upon him.
Commentary on Acts
However, certain itinerant Jewish exorcists attempted to invoke over those who, etc. Josephus reports that King Solomon devised and taught his people modes of exorcism, that is, adjurations, by which unclean spirits, once expelled from a person, might not dare to return. This sometimes happens even through reprobates, either for the condemnation of those who do such things or for the benefit of those who see and hear, so that although men may despise those who perform the signs, they nevertheless honor God, at whose invocation such great miracles are performed.
Commentary on Acts
They did not wish to believe, yet desired to cast out demons in the name of Jesus, because these words clearly reveal that these exorcists adjured the unclean spirits in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ not as those who believed in Jesus, but as those who were testing Him. And the expression "began to use" shows that, although they did not hope for success, they nevertheless laid on hands in order to achieve the purpose of their test. Therefore, shortly after, they paid the penalty for their recklessness.
Commentary on Acts
And there were seven sons of one Sceva, a Jew, and chief of the priests, which did so.
ἦσαν δέ τινες υἱοὶ Σκευᾶ Ἰουδαίου ἀρχιερέως ἑπτὰ οἱ τοῦτο ποιοῦντες.
Бѧ́хꙋ же нѣ́цыи сы́нове ске́ѵы і҆ꙋде́анина а҆рхїере́а се́дмь, и҆̀же сїѐ творѧ́хꙋ.
Neither is every one that prophesies holy, nor every one that casts out devils religious: for even Balaam the son of Beor the prophet did prophesy, though he was himself ungodly; as also did Caiaphas, the falsely-named high priest. Nay, the devil foretells many things, and the demons, about Him; and yet for all that, there is not a spark of piety in them: for they are oppressed with ignorance, by reason of their voluntary wickedness. It is manifest, therefore, that the ungodly, although they prophesy, do not by their prophesying cover their own impiety; nor will those who cast out demons be sanctified by the demons being made subject to them; for they only mock one another, as they do who play childish tricks for mirth, and destroy those who give heed to them. For neither is a wicked king any longer a king, but a tyrant; nor is a bishop oppressed with ignorance or an evil disposition a bishop, but falsely so called, being not one sent out by God, but by men... And indeed Balaam the prophet, when he had corrupted Israel by Baalpeor, suffered punishment; and Caiaphas at last was his own murderer; and the sons of Sceva, endeavouring to cast out demons, were wounded by them, and fled away in an unseemly manner; and the kings of Israel and of Judah, when they became impious, suffered all sorts of punishments. It is therefore evident how bishops and presbyters, also falsely so called, will not escape the judgment of God.
Constitutions of the Holy Apostles Book 8
14–16"And there were seven sons of one Sceva, a Jew, and chief of the priests, which did so. And the evil spirit answered and said, Jesus I know, and Paul I know; but who are ye? And the man in whom the evil spirit was leaped on them, and overcame them, and prevailed against them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded." They did it in secret: then their impotence is publicly exposed. Then not the Name does anything, unless it be spoken with faith. See how they used their weapons against themselves! So far were they from thinking Jesus to be anything great: no, they must needs add Paul, as thinking him to be something great. Here one may marvel how it was that the demon did not cooperate with the imposture of the exorcists, but on the contrary exposed them, and laid open their stage-play. He seems to me to have done this in exceeding wrath: just as it might be, if a person being in uttermost peril, should be exposed by some pitiful creature, and wish to vent all his rage upon him.
Homily on Acts 41
However, there were some seven sons of a Jewish high priest named Sceva, who were doing this. It is better read according to the Greek: However, there was of a certain Sceva. Since even Satan himself transforms into an angel of light (II Cor. XI), he does not fear to color his ministers with the same pretense. Hence, since the grace of the Holy Spirit is usually designated by the number seven, in which figure the Lord, after the resurrection, feasts with seven disciples, and seven brothers come to Cornelius to baptize him with the Holy Spirit, the sons of Sceva are reckoned as if they are to expel evil spirits in the number seven. Since they invoke the name of Christ and the apostles, not believing, but testing, they are deservedly condemned not only by God but also by the very demons for their deceitful falseness. They are well called the sons of Sceva, which translates to "little fox crying out." This animal, very crafty and deceitful, shows Jews, Gentiles, and heretics always lurking against the Church of God and chattering with a garrulous voice. Concerning whom it is commanded by the guardians of the same Church: Catch for us the little foxes that ruin the vineyards.
Commentary on Acts
14–16Although the sons of Sceva did this secretly, their powerlessness is exposed. What is worthy of wonder is the circumstance that the evil spirit did not aid in the deception of these exorcists, but rather exposed and revealed their fraud. It seems to me that he was greatly irritated, just as someone who, being pressed in extreme danger by some wretched and insignificant creature, wants to pour out all his wrath upon that creature.
Commentary on Acts
And the evil spirit answered and said, Jesus I know, and Paul I know; but who are ye?
ἀποκριθὲν δὲ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ πονηρὸν εἶπε· τὸν Ἰησοῦν γινώσκω καὶ τὸν Παῦλον ἐπίσταμαι· ὑμεῖς δὲ τίνες ἐστέ;
Ѿвѣща́въ же дꙋ́хъ лꙋка́вый речѐ: і҆и҃са зна́ю и҆ па́ѵла свѣ́мъ, вы́ же кто̀ є҆стѐ;
"Jesus I know, and Paul I know." For, that there may not seem to be any slight put upon the Name of Jesus, the demon first confesses Him, and then has permission given him. For, to show that it was not any weakness of the Name, but all owing to the imposture of those men, why did not the same take place in the case of Paul? "They fled out of that house naked and wounded": he sorely battered their heads, perhaps rent their garments. "Jesus," says he, "I know," etc. Be ashamed, ye that are ignorant of Him. "And Paul I know." Well said, "Think not that it is because I despise them, that I do these things." Great was the fear of the demon. And why without these words did he not rend their garments? For so he would both have sated his wrath, and established the delusion. He feared as I said, the unapproachable force, and would not have had such power had he not said this.
Homily on Acts 41
Jesus I know, and Paul I recognize. About this verse, Arator says, Know your madness, enemy race, the demon admits to reigning, Whom you deny has come, and you are convicted by this very fact, By the one who drives you to ruin.
Commentary on Acts
And the man in whom the evil spirit was leaped on them, and overcame them, and prevailed against them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded.
καὶ ἐφαλλόμενος ἐπ᾿ αὐτοὺς ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἐν ᾧ ἦν τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ πονηρόν, καὶ κατακυριεύσας αὐτῶν ἴσχυσε κατ᾿ αὐτῶν, ὥστε γυμνοὺς καὶ τετραυματισμένους ἐκφυγεῖν ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου ἐκείνου.
И҆ скачѧ̀ на ни́хъ человѣ́къ, въ не́мже бѣ̀ дꙋ́хъ лꙋка́вый, и҆ ѡ҆долѣ́въ и҆̀мъ, ᲂу҆крѣпи́сѧ на ни́хъ, ꙗ҆́коже наги̑мъ и҆ ᲂу҆ра́нєнымъ и҆збѣжа́ти ѿ хра́ма ѻ҆́нагѡ.
As one confessing God in word alone, he denies him with his deeds. This is “knowing Jesus” according to mere opinion. Therefore, it is no paradox if the evil spirit says to the Jewish exorcists, “I know Jesus” and the following, just as other demons used to say, with a loud cry, to Jesus himself, “I know who you are, the Holy One of God.” To these you can add the passage, “even demons believe and they tremble,” for it provides no evidence that evil spirits have faith accounted as righteousness. We must also say with regard to our current passage that just as those who receive cures from Jesus do so according to their faith, so those calling on Jesus for the expulsion of a demon or for another cure accomplish this in accord with the faith they have. Here, however, the evil spirit says, “Who are you that call on Jesus, for I do not perceive the power that I have often experienced when his name is called.”
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.13
And this was known to all the Jews and Greeks also dwelling at Ephesus; and fear fell on them all, and the name of the Lord Jesus was magnified.
τοῦτο δὲ ἐγένετο γνωστὸν πᾶσιν Ἰουδαίοις τε καὶ ῞Ελλησι τοῖς κατοικοῦσι τὴν Ἔφεσον, καὶ ἐπέπεσε φόβος ἐπὶ πάντας αὐτούς, καὶ ἐμεγαλύνετο τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ·
Сїе́ же бы́сть разꙋ́мно всѣ̑мъ живꙋ́щымъ во є҆фе́сѣ і҆ꙋде́ємъ же и҆ є҆́ллинѡмъ, и҆ нападѐ стра́хъ на всѣ́хъ и҆̀хъ, и҆ велича́шесѧ и҆́мѧ гдⷭ҇а і҆и҃са:
17–18"And this became known to all, both Jews and Greeks, that dwelt at Ephesus, and fear fell upon them all, and the name of the Lord Jesus was magnified. And many of them that had believed came confessing and making known their practices." For since they had got to possess such power as, by means of the demons, to do such things, well might this be the consequence. Look, in every case, how men are converted not so much in consequence of good things as of things fearful. In the case of Sapphira, fear fell upon the Church, and men dared not join themselves to them: here they received handkerchiefs and aprons, and were healed: and after this, then they came confessing their sins. Hereby the power of the demons is shown to be a great one, when it is against unbelievers.
Homily on Acts 41
And many that believed came, and confessed, and shewed their deeds.
πολλοί τε τῶν πεπιστευκότων ἤρχοντο ἐξομολογούμενοι καὶ ἀναγγέλλοντες τὰς πράξεις αὐτῶν.
мно́зи же ѿ вѣ́ровавшихъ прихожда́хꙋ, и҆сповѣ́дающе и҆ сказꙋ́юще дѣла̀ своѧ̑:
18–19"confessing and proclaiming their deeds." It is necessary for every faithful person to confess his own sins, and to turn away by reproving himself, so as no longer to do the same things, in order that he may be justified according to the saying: "You first confess your sins, so that you may be justified." (James 5:16) It should also be noted in what follows that although their magical books were valuable, like the finest possessions of those who live in the world, those who believed in Christ did not sell them but burned them; for, although there were others there who wished to acquire such books, first so that no one might share in the soul-destroying influence that comes from them, and secondly so that no one might obtain anything on account of such a cause. For just as gain from fornication was forbidden to be offered to God, so neither did the apostles judge it right or acceptable that the money from this source should be placed at their feet. [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
Every believer ought to confess his sins and, by accusing himself, resolve never to commit the same sins again, so as to receive justification by virtue of what is said in Scripture: "Declare… that you may be justified" (Isa. 43:26).
Commentary on Acts
Many of them also which used curious arts brought their books together, and burned them before all men: and they counted the price of them, and found it fifty thousand pieces of silver.
ἱκανοὶ δὲ τῶν τὰ περίεργα πραξάντων συνενέγκαντες τὰς βίβλους κατέκαιον ἐνώπιον πάντων· καὶ συνεψήφισαν τὰς τιμὰς αὐτῶν καὶ εὗρον ἀργυρίου μυριάδας πέντε.
дово́льни же ѿ сотво́ршихъ чародѣѧ̑нїѧ, собра́вше кни̑ги своѧ̑, сожига́хꙋ пред̾ всѣ́ми: и҆ сложи́ша цѣ́ны и҆́хъ и҆ ѡ҆брѣто́ша сребра̀ пѧ́ть те́мъ.
For when to an age much more ignorant (than ours) they had disclosed certain well-concealed material substances, and several not well-revealed scientific arts-if it is true that they had laid bare the operations of metallurgy, and had divulged the natural properties of herbs, and had promulgated the powers of enchantments, and had traced out every curious art, even to the interpretation of the stars-they conferred properly and as it were peculiarly upon women that instrumental mean of womanly ostentation, the radiances of jewels wherewith necklaces are variegated, and the circlets of gold wherewith the arms are compressed, and the medicaments of orchil with which wools are coloured, and that black powder itself wherewith the eyelids and eyelashes are made prominent.
On the Apparel of Women Book 1
Every sinner must confess his sins and, through his self-conviction, turn away from continuing to commit them, so that he may become just according to the passage, “Confess your sins first so that you may be justified,” and the passage, “Just is the man who accuses himself.” The idolaters and magicians were so many in Ephesus that they prepared magicians’ books at a high price, as if these books held the most noble things in life. Upon believing in Christ, they did not sell them, even though there were many who wanted to obtain them, but they burned them. And they did this first so that no one could take part in their soul-destroying ruin, and second so that they could have no profit from it. For just as it is forbidden to offer to God the value of a dog or profit from impurity, so also did they judge it an injustice to lay at the apostles’ feet money from such a source.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.18
It shows what our Savior’s disciples were; it shows the extraordinary influence of their words when they addressed their audience, that people so touched the depths of their souls, caught hold of and pierced the individual conscience, that men no longer hid anything away in concealment but brought forth their forbidden things to light and themselves completed the indictment of themselves and their own former wickedness. It shows what their pupils were like, how pure and honorable in disposition, determined that nothing evil in them should lurk below the surface, and how boldly they prided themselves on their change from the worse to the better. Yes, they who gave their magic books to the flames and voted for their complete destruction left no one in any doubt that they would never again have anything to do with sorcery, and from that day forth they were pure from the slightest suspicion of it.
Proof of the Gospel 3.6
Let those who accuse Christ’s disciples of being magicians be refuted by this reading, since it shows clearly that all magic is destroyed by the power of their teaching. See these people, not being incompetent but having great ability in this art, after being purified of the magical arts or of their customary demons, how they gathered together all the books of magic and burned them before all present at that time, even though they were of great value.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.19-20
19–20"And many of them that practised curious arts, brought their books together, and burnt them in the presence of all men" - having seen that there was no more use of them now that the demons themselves do these things - "and reckoned up the price of them, and found the amount fifty thousand pieces of silver. So mightily grew the word of God and prevailed." And so he disputed in the school of one Tyrannus for two years: where were believers, and believers exceedingly advanced in the faith. Moreover Paul writes to them as to great men. Ephesus was famous for its sorcerers and magicians. The "curious arts" were arts connected with this sorcery and the books burned contained mysterious sentences and symbols which gave to them an extravagant worth in the eyes of the superstitious.
Homily on Acts 41
And many of those who had followed curious arts brought their books, etc. He calls curious arts the industry of magical arts, whose followers justly burn their books, valued at a great price, when they see the very demons they served honoring Jesus Christ the Lord and his apostles.
Commentary on Acts
They found the sum to be fifty thousand silver coins. And in the Gospel's debtors under the number of fifty denarii, debts are forgiven. I believe that subsisting in this life with the five senses of the body, we transgress the precepts of the Decalogue. Here, however, due to the enormity of the magic crime, the number of a thousand is also added. Otherwise, the number fifty often refers to penance and the remission of sins, whence the Fiftieth Psalm of Penance, and the fiftieth year is one of remission.
Commentary on Acts
Seeing that these books were no longer of any use for anything, those who had practiced sorcery "burned them before all." So devoted were the Ephesians to idols and magic that they valued books of sorcery very highly as containing the very best things in life. Having believed in Christ, they did not sell these books but burned them, first, so that no one would be infected by their soul-destroying plague, and also so as not to acquire anything from their sale. Since money obtained for a dog or income from idolatry was forbidden to be brought to God, they did not consider it a righteous deed to cast at the feet of the apostles silver obtained by such means either.
Commentary on Acts
So mightily grew the word of God and prevailed.
οὕτω κατὰ κράτος ὁ λόγος τοῦ Κυρίου ηὔξανε καὶ ἴσχυεν.
Си́це крѣ́пкѡ сло́во гдⷭ҇не растѧ́ше и҆ крѣплѧ́шесѧ.
After these things were ended, Paul purposed in the spirit, when he had passed through Macedonia and Achaia, to go to Jerusalem, saying, After I have been there, I must also see Rome.
Ὡς δὲ ἐπληρώθη ταῦτα, ἔθετο ὁ Παῦλος ἐν τῷ πνεύματι διελθὼν τὴν Μακεδονίαν καὶ Ἀχαΐαν πορεύεσθαι εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ, εἰπὼν ὅτι μετὰ τὸ γενέσθαι με ἐκεῖ δεῖ με καὶ Ρώμην ἰδεῖν.
И҆ ꙗ҆́коже сконча́шасѧ сїѧ̑, положѝ па́ѵелъ въ дꙋ́сѣ, проше́дъ македо́нїю и҆ а҆ха́їю, и҆тѝ во і҆ерⷭ҇ли́мъ, ре́къ, ꙗ҆́кѡ бы́вшꙋ мѝ та́мѡ, подоба́етъ мѝ и҆ ри́мъ ви́дѣти.
21–41Seest thou how God permits trials, and by them stirs up and awakens the disciples, and makes them more energetic? Then let us not sink down under trials: for He Himself will "also make the way of escape, that we may be able to bear them." Nothing so makes friends, and rivets them so firmly, as affliction: nothing so fastens and compacts the souls of believers: nothing is so seasonable for us teachers in order that the things said by us may be heard. For the hearer when he is in ease is listless and indolent, and seems to suffer annoyance from the speaker: but when he is in affliction and distress, he falls into a great longing for the hearing. For when distressed in his soul, he seeks on all sides to find comfort for his affliction: and the preaching brings no small comfort.
Homily on Acts 42
21–41Afflictions cut us off from the sympathy we have for the present world, as appears in this, that we wish for death immediately, and cease to be loving of the body: which very thing is the greatest part of wisdom, to have no hankering, no ties to the present life. The soul which is afflicted does not wish to be concerned about many things: repose and stillness are all it desired, content for its part to have done with the things present, even though there be nothing else to follow.
Homily on Acts 42
21–41A great good is affliction: and we learn this from our own children: for without affliction a boy would learn nothing useful. But we, more than they, need affliction. For if there, when the passions as yet are quiet, chastisement benefits them, how much more us, especially possessed as we are by so many! Nay, we behoove rather to have schoolmasters than they: since the faults of children cannot be great, but ours are exceeding great. Our schoolmaster is affliction. Let us then not draw it down willingly upon ourselves, but when it is come let us bear it bravely, being, as it is, always the cause of numberless good things; that so we may both obtain grace from God, and the good things which are laid up for them that love Him, in Christ Jesus our Lord.
Homily on Acts 42
He sends Timothy and Erastus into Macedonia, but himself remains at Ephesus. Having made a long enough stay in that city, he wishes to remove elsewhere again. But how is it, that having from the first chosen to depart into Syria, he turns back to Macedonia? "He purposed," it says, "in the Spirit," showing that all that he did was done not of his own power. Now he prophesies, saying, "I must also see Rome:" perhaps to comfort them with the consideration of his not remaining at a distance, but coming nearer to them again, and to arouse the minds of the disciples by the prophecy.
Homily on Acts 42
He no longer speaks here after the manner of a man, or, He purposed to pass through those regions, without tarrying longer. Wherefore does he send away Timothy and Erastus? Of this I suppose he says, "Wherefore when we could no longer forbear, we thought it good to be left at Athens alone. He sent away," it says, "two of those who ministered to him" both to announce his coming, and to make them more eager.
Homily on Acts 42
So he sent into Macedonia two of them that ministered unto him, Timotheus and Erastus; but he himself stayed in Asia for a season.
ἀποστείλας δὲ εἰς τὴν Μακεδονίαν δύο τῶν διακονούντων αὐτῷ, Τιμόθεον καὶ Ἔραστον, αὐτὸς ἐπέσχε χρόνον εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν.
Посла́въ же въ македо́нїю два̀ ѿ слꙋжа́щихъ є҆мꙋ̀, тїмоѳе́а и҆ є҆ра́ста, са́мъ же пребы́сть вре́мѧ во а҆сі́и.
He sends them ahead to announce his coming and thus to rouse their expectations, but most of all to stay a while in Asia. And for good reason, since there ruled the tyranny of philosophers. He went and spoke with them more, since there was much superstition.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.21
"But he himself tarried awhile in Asia." Most of all does he pass his time in Asia; and with reason: there, namely, was the tyranny, of the philosophers. Afterwards also he came and discoursed to them again.
Homily on Acts 42
Sending two of his ministers to Macedonia, etc. He sent disciples ahead to prepare alms, which he was to bring to Jerusalem, so that collections would not be made when he came himself.
Commentary on Acts
He sent disciples to Macedonia to announce that he would come, and to instill in the Macedonians a stronger desire to see him. As for the fact that he himself remained for a time in Asia, this was necessary because in Asia there was a tyranny of philosophers.
Commentary on Acts
And the same time there arose no small stir about that way.
Ἐγένετο δὲ κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν ἐκεῖνον τάραχος οὐκ ὀλίγος περὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ.
Бы́сть же во вре́мѧ ѻ҆́но молва̀ не ма́ла ѡ҆ пꙋтѝ гдⷭ҇ни:
"There arose no small stir about the Way." Do you see the renown acquired? They contradicted, it says: then came miracles, twofold: then again, danger: such is the way the threads alternate throughout the whole texture of the history.
Homily on Acts 42
"And the same time" etc., for indeed the superstition was excessive.
Homily on Acts 42
"Now at that time there had arisen no small disturbance about the way of the Lord," etc. An uproar about the Christian religion arose likewise in Ephesus. There was a certain Demetrius who made silver shrines in Diana's temple. He used to bring no small wages to the craftsmen. This man, seeing that the observance of rites risked complete extinction because of Paul's preachings, he violently stirred up the above-mentioned craftsmen against the apostles and his disciples. Having caught Gaius and Aristarchus, Paul's companions, they dragged them from the theatre, where they were preaching the word of the Lord, to the judges, to be heard by them. When Paul would have entered to the people, his disciples and friends did not let him (for there was great confusion throughout the city), for fear that all the people's rage would turn on him, whom they knew to be the initiator of the preaching that was detrimental to them.
Complexiones on the Acts of the Apostles
23–24By silver temples are perhaps meant small shrines. Notice: everywhere idol-worship was defended on account of money. And this Demetrius was agitating on account of money. He was agitating not because their impious religion was in danger, but because he was being deprived of the means of gain; because he knew that he was deceiving people by making them silver gods and silver shrines, and he was afraid that his craft might be exposed by the true teaching of Paul; he was also afraid that the temple of Artemis, which was in Ephesus, might disappear altogether, and thus he was predicting the disappearance of the temple, which indeed came to pass.
Commentary on Acts
For a certain man named Demetrius, a silversmith, which made silver shrines for Diana, brought no small gain unto the craftsmen;
Δημήτριος γάρ τις ὀνόματι, ἀργυροκόπος, ποιῶν ναοὺς ἀργυροῦς Ἀρτέμιδος παρείχετο τοῖς τεχνίταις ἐργασίαν οὐκ ὀλίγην·
дими́трїй бо нѣ́кто и҆́менемъ, среброкова́чь, творѧ́й хра́мы срє́брѧны а҆ртемі́дѣ, подаѧ́ше хитрецє́мъ дѣ́ланїе {стѧжа́нїе} не ма́ло,
"For a certain man named Demetrius, a silversmith, which made silver temples of Diana, brought no small gain unto the craftsmen." "Which made," it says, "silver temples of Diana." And how is it possible that temples could be made of silver? Perhaps as small boxes. Great was the honor paid to this Diana in Ephesus; since, when their temple was burnt it so grieved them, that they forbade even the name of the incendiary ever to be mentioned. See how, wherever there is idolatry, in every case we find money at the bottom of it. Both in the former instance it was for money, and in the case of this man, for money. It was not for their religion, because they thought that in danger; no, it was for their lucrative craft, that it would have nothing to work upon.
Homily on Acts 42
A certain Demetrius, a silversmith, etc. This Demetrius, who tries to disturb the way of the Lord, fulfills his name by his actions. For it means "excessive persecutor." Hence, accordingly, the temples he makes for Diana are built of nothing else but silver metal since silver in the Scriptures is usually indicated by eloquence, just as gold signifies understanding. And the cunning gentiles try to defend their religion not with any reason of understanding but with the mere elegance of words.
Commentary on Acts
Whom he called together with the workmen of like occupation, and said, Sirs, ye know that by this craft we have our wealth.
οὓς συναθροίσας καὶ τοὺς περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάτας εἶπεν· ἄνδρες, ἐπίστασθε ὅτι ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ἐργασίας ἡ εὐπορία ἡμῶν ἐστι,
и҆̀хже собра́въ и҆ и҆́ны сицевы́хъ веще́й дѣ́латєли, речѐ: мꙋ́жїе, вѣ́сте, ꙗ҆́кѡ ѿ сегѡ̀ дѣ́ланїѧ дово́льство житїю̀ на́шемꙋ є҆́сть:
Observe the maliciousness of the man. He was wealthy himself, and to him indeed it was no such great loss; but to them the loss was great, since they were poor, and subsisted on their daily earnings. Nevertheless, these men say nothing, but only he. And observe: "Whom having collected, and the workmen of like occupation," having themselves common cause with him, "he said, Sirs, ye know that by this craft we have our wealth" then he brought the danger home to them, that we are in danger of falling from this our craft into starvation.
Homily on Acts 42
"From this work we have our wealth. Hath persuaded." How did he persuade - he, a man of mean consideration? How prevail over so great a force of habit? by doing what - by saying what? It is not for a Paul to effect this, it is not for a man. Even this is enough, that he said, "They are no gods." Now if the impiety of the heathen religions was so easy to detect, it ought to have been condemned long ago: if it was strong, it ought not to have been overthrown so quickly.
Homily on Acts 42
25–27He drew their attention to the danger: we, he says, are in danger of falling into hunger from our trade. However, what he said could have led them to true worship of God. If, as he says, this man (Paul) is so powerful that there is a danger he might convert everyone, and if from him there is a threat to what belongs to the gods, then one should consider what kind of God his is. Everywhere this Demetrius brings his speech back to the trade.
Commentary on Acts
Moreover ye see and hear, that not alone at Ephesus, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul hath persuaded and turned away much people, saying that they be no gods, which are made with hands:
καὶ θεωρεῖτε καὶ ἀκούετε ὅτι οὐ μόνον Ἐφέσου, ἀλλὰ σχεδὸν πάσης τῆς Ἀσίας ὁ Παῦλος οὗτος πείσας μετέστησεν ἱκανὸν ὄχλον, λέγων ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶ θεοὶ οἱ διὰ χειρῶν γινόμενοι.
и҆ ви́дите и҆ слы́шите, ꙗ҆́кѡ не то́кмѡ є҆фе́съ, но ма́лѡ не всю̀ а҆сі́ю па́ѵелъ се́й препрѣ́въ, ѡ҆братѝ мно́гъ наро́дъ, глаго́лѧ, ꙗ҆́кѡ не сꙋ́ть бо́зи, и҆̀же рꙋка́ми человѣ́ческими быва́ютъ:
For at Ephesus also they seized Gaius and Aristarchus instead of Paul, and rustled to the theatre, these being Paul's companions in travel
Alexandria Canonical Epistle
"Moreover ye see and hear, that not alone at Ephesus, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul hath persuaded and turned away much people, saying that they be no gods, which are made with hands: so that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at naught; but also, that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth." And yet the very things he spoke were enough to bring them to true religion: but being poor senseless creatures, this is the part they act. For if this man Paul is strong enough to turn away all, and the worship of the gods is in jeopardy, one ought to reflect, how great must this man's God be, and that he will much more give you those things, for which ye are afraid.
Homily on Acts 42
"Ye both see and hear," so palpable was the result that was taking place - "that not alone at Ephesus, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul by persuading hath turned away," not by violence: this is the way to persuade a city. Then, what touched them closely, "that they be no gods which are made with hands." He overturns, says he, our craft.
Homily on Acts 42
"By his persuasions he has led astray a considerable number of people." Not by violence, but precisely in this way one ought to persuade. It is sufficient that Paul said "they are not gods." If the falsity of this cult is so easily exposed, then it should have been rejected long ago; but if it has power in itself, then it is impossible to uproot it so quickly.
Commentary on Acts
So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.
οὐ μόνον δὲ τοῦτο κινδυνεύει ἡμῖν τὸ μέρος εἰς ἀπελεγμὸν ἐλθεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν εἰς οὐθὲν λογισθῆναι, μέλλειν τε καὶ καθαιρεῖσθαι τὴν μεγαλειότητα αὐτῆς, ἣν ὅλη ἡ Ἀσία καὶ ἡ οἰκουμένη σέβεται.
не то́кмѡ же сїѧ̀ бѣдꙋ̀ прїе́млетъ на́ша ча́сть, є҆́же бы во ѡ҆бличе́нїе не прїитѝ, но дабы̀ и҆ вели́кїѧ боги́ни а҆ртемі́ды хра́мъ ни во что́же не вмѣни́лсѧ, и҆́мать же разори́тисѧ и҆ вели́чество є҆ѧ̀, ю҆́же всѧ̀ а҆сі́а и҆ вселе́ннаѧ почита́етъ.
Already at the outset he has secured a hold upon their minds by saying, "This Paul hath turned away much people, saying, that they be no gods, which are made with men's hands." See what it is that the heathen are so indignant at; because he said that "they which be made of men are no gods." Throughout, he drives his speech at their craft. Then that which most grieved them he brings in afterwards. But, with the other gods, he would say, we have no concern, but that "the temple also of the great goddess Diana is in danger to be destroyed." Then, lest he should seem to say this for the sake of lucre, see what he adds: "Whom the whole world worshippeth." Observe how he showed Paul's power to be the greater, proving all their gods to be wretched and miserable creatures, since a mere man, who was driven about, a mere tentmaker, had so much power.
Homily on Acts 42
For, lest they should consider within themselves how strange, that a human being should have such power as this, and if a human being has power to effect such things, why then one ought to be persuaded by that man, he adds: "not only is this our craft in danger to be set at naught, but also," as if forsooth alleging a greater consideration, "the temple of the great goddess Diana," etc. "whom all Asia and the world worshippeth."
Homily on Acts 42
Not only, however, will this part of our work be in danger of coming into disrepute, but also the temple of the great Diana will be considered as nothing, and be destroyed, etc.; that is, not only will our works be found vain and unworthy of reward, but our religion will also be dishonored, if Paul's teaching prevails, that idols are not gods. And the foolishness of the Gentiles is astonishing, who are not ashamed to worship those whom they know can be built or destroyed by humans.
Commentary on Acts
And when they heard these sayings, they were full of wrath, and cried out, saying, Great is Diana of the Ephesians.
ἀκούσαντες δὲ καὶ γενόμενοι πλήρεις θυμοῦ ἔκραζον λέγοντες· μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων.
Слы́шавше же и҆ бы́вше и҆спо́лнени ꙗ҆́рости, вопїѧ́хꙋ глаго́люще: вели́ка а҆ртемі́да є҆фе́сскаѧ.
Observe the testimonies borne to the Apostles by their enemies, that they overthrew their worship. There at Lystra they brought "garlands and oxen." Here he says, "This our craft is in danger to be set at naught. - Ye have filled all everywhere with your doctrine." So said the Jews also with regard to Christ: "Ye see how the world is going after Him"; and, "The Romans shall come and take away our city." And again on another occasion, "These that have turned the world upside down are come hither also." - "And when they heard these sayings, they were full of wrath." Upon what was that wrath called forth? On hearing about Diana, and about their source of gain.
Homily on Acts 42
"And when they heard, they were filled with wrath, and shouted, Great is Diana of the Ephesians!" For each city had its proper gods. They thought to make their voice a barrier against the Divine Spirit. Children indeed, these Greeks! And their feeling was as if by their voice they could reinstate the worship of her, and undo what had taken place!
Homily on Acts 42
And they cried out, saying: Great is Diana of the Ephesians. When Demetrius said Diana would perish, they, on the contrary, marvel at her greatness.
Commentary on Acts
28–29They became enraged upon hearing about Artemis and the undermining of their craft, because it is characteristic of the rabble to become agitated and inflamed by any matter, even a trivial one. They had gods in the city; and they assumed a threatening posture, so as to somehow restore respect for the gods by their shouting and to drown out what had happened. They kept shouting without ceasing, as if fearing that the veneration of the gods might be extinguished altogether.
Commentary on Acts
And the whole city was filled with confusion: and having caught Gaius and Aristarchus, men of Macedonia, Paul's companions in travel, they rushed with one accord into the theatre.
καὶ ἐπλήσθη ἡ πόλις τῆς συγχύσεως, ὥρμησάν τε ὁμοθυμαδὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον συναρπάσαντες Γάϊον καὶ Ἀρίσταρχον Μακεδόνας, συνεκδήμους Παύλου.
И҆ и҆спо́лнисѧ гра́дъ ве́сь мѧте́жа: ᲂу҆стреми́шасѧ же є҆динодꙋ́шнѡ на позо́рище, восхи́щше га́їа и҆ а҆рїста́рха македо́нѧны, дрꙋ́ги {сопꙋ́тники} па́ѵлѡвы.
"And cried out, saying, Great is Diana of the Ephesians. And the whole city was filled with confusion: and rushed with one accord into the theatre." Such is the way with vulgar minds, any trivial occasion shall hurry them away and inflame their passions. Therefore it behooves to do things with strict examination. But see how contemptible they were, to be so exposed to all excitements! "Having caught Gaius and Aristarchus, men of Macedonia, Paul's companions in travel, they dragged them:" here again recklessly, just as did the Jews in the case of Jason; and everywhere they set upon them.
Homily on Acts 42
"And the whole city," etc. See a disorderly multitude!
Homily on Acts 42
And they rushed with one accord into the theater. The theater is a place having the shape of a semicircle, where people standing inside watched scenic plays. Hence, it received its name in Greek, from the spectacle. Therefore, as Arator says: The merit and cause of Diana deserved no other than to be treated lasciviously in the market forum, the base area of the ugliness of the assembly's work.
Commentary on Acts
And when Paul would have entered in unto the people, the disciples suffered him not.
Τοῦ δὲ Παύλου βουλομένου εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον οὐκ εἴων αὐτὸν οἱ μαθηταί.
Па́ѵлꙋ же хотѧ́щꙋ вни́ти въ наро́дъ, не ѡ҆ставлѧ́хꙋ є҆гѡ̀ ᲂу҆чн҃цы̀:
"And when Paul would have entered in unto the people, the disciples suffered him not," so far were they from all display and love of glory.
Homily on Acts 42
"And when Paul," etc. Paul then wished to enter in that he might harangue them: for he took his persecutions as occasions for teaching: "but the disciples suffered him not." Mark, how great forethought we always find them taking for him. At the very first they brought him out that they might not in his person receive a mortal blow; and yet they had heard him say, "I must also see Rome." But it was providential that he so predicts beforehand, that they might not be confounded at the event. But they would not that he should even suffer any evil.
Homily on Acts 42
The disciples did not allow Paul to rush into the agitated crowd — so much did all the believers love him. And Paul listens to them, since he was not ambitious.
Commentary on Acts
And certain of the chief of Asia, which were his friends, sent unto him, desiring him that he would not adventure himself into the theatre.
τινὲς δὲ καὶ τῶν Ἀσιαρχῶν, ὄντες αὐτῷ φίλοι, πέμψαντες πρὸς αὐτὸν παρεκάλουν μὴ δοῦναι ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον.
нѣ́цыи же ѿ а҆сі́йскихъ нача̑льникъ, сꙋ́ще є҆мꙋ̀ дрꙋ́зи, посла́вше къ немꙋ̀, молѧ́хꙋ не вда́ти себѐ въ позо́ръ.
"They urged him not to hand himself over" to the disorderly mob and the violence in the theatre, and Paul was persuaded, since he was neither vainglorious nor ostentatious.… Knowing his eagerness, they begged him, since all these faithful loved him so much.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.30-31
"And certain of the Asiarchs, which were his friends, sent unto him, desiring him that he would not adventure himself into the theatre" to a disorderly populace and tumult. And Paul complies, for he was not vainglorious, nor ambitious.
Homily on Acts 42
"And certain of the Asiarchs besought him that he would not enter into the theatre." Knowing his eagerness, they "besought him:" so much did all the believers love him.
Homily on Acts 42
Some therefore cried one thing, and some another: for the assembly was confused: and the more part knew not wherefore they were come together.
ἄλλοι μὲν οὖν ἄλλο τι ἔκραζον· ἦν γὰρ ἡ ἐκκλησία συγκεχυμένη, καὶ οἱ πλείους οὐκ ᾔδεισαν τίνος ἕνεκεν συνεληλύθεισαν.
Дрꙋзі́и же ᲂу҆̀бо и҆́но нѣ́что вопїѧ́хꙋ: бѣ́ бо собра́нїе смꙋще́но, и҆ мно́жайшїи ѿ ни́хъ не вѣ́дѧхꙋ, чесѡ̀ ра́ди собра́шасѧ.
"Some therefore cried one thing, and some another: for the assembly was confused." Such is the nature of the multitude: it recklessly follows, like fire when it has fallen upon fuel; and the more part knew not wherefore they were come together.
Homily on Acts 42
"Most of those who had gathered did not know why they had gathered." Such is the nature of a crowd: it rushes here or there without reason, like fire thrown into a forest.
Commentary on Acts
And they drew Alexander out of the multitude, the Jews putting him forward. And Alexander beckoned with the hand, and would have made his defence unto the people.
ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ὄχλου προεβίβασαν Ἀλέξανδρον, προβαλλόντων αὐτὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων· ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος κατασείσας τὴν χεῖρα ἤθελεν ἀπολογεῖσθαι τῷ δήμῳ.
Ѿ наро́да же и҆збра́ша а҆леѯа́ндра, и҆зве́дшымъ є҆го̀ і҆ꙋде́ємъ. А҆леѯа́ндръ же, помаа́въ рꙋко́ю, хотѧ́ше ѿвѣща́ти наро́дꙋ.
"And they drew Alexander out of the multitude, the Jews putting him forward." It was the Jews that thrust him forward; but as providence ordered it, this man did not speak. "And Alexander beckoned with the hand, and would have made his defence unto the people."
Homily on Acts 42
"And they drew Alexander," etc. This Alexander, why did he wish to plead? Was he accused? No, but it was to find an opportunity, and overturn the whole matter, and inflame the anger of the people.
Homily on Acts 42
"Alexander therefore, beckoning with his hand for silence, would have given the people satisfaction. "Alexander, one of Paul's disciples, having obtained silence by a gesture of his hand, would have given satisfaction to the furious people. As soon as they perceived him to be a Jew, to stop him from saying anything against Diana, they proclaimed with a loud voice for two hours that great was Diana of the Ephesians. The town clerk, fearing that such a great uproar would throw the city into confusion, obtained silence and persuaded the people that, if Demetrius and his craftsmen raised a matter against any people, they should be heard by calm judges. Innocent men, who had not spoken anything against Diana, should not be put in danger of death. This reasoning was accepted and the whole uproar calmed. Then Paul, taking his leave of the disciples, set forward for Macedonia. After teaching numerous people there, he came to Greece. From there, walking through the neighboring countries, he came to Troas with his disciples, where they are known to have abided for seven days.
Complexiones on the Acts of the Apostles
33–34Why did Alexander want "to speak to the people" in his defense? After all, he was not being accused? In order to seize the moment, give everything a different turn, and calm the anger of the people.
Commentary on Acts
But when they knew that he was a Jew, all with one voice about the space of two hours cried out, Great is Diana of the Ephesians.
ἐπιγνόντες δὲ ὅτι Ἰουδαῖός ἐστι, φωνὴ ἐγένετο μία ἐκ πάντων, ὡς ἐπὶ ὥρας δύο κραζόντων· μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων.
Разꙋмѣ́вше же, ꙗ҆́кѡ і҆ꙋде́анинъ є҆́сть, гла́съ бы́сть є҆ди́нъ ѿ всѣ́хъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ на два̀ часа̑ вопїю́щихъ: вели́ка а҆ртемі́да є҆фе́сскаѧ.
"But when they knew that he was a Jew, all with one voice about the space of two hours cried out, Great is Diana of the Ephesians." A childish understanding indeed! as if they were afraid, lest their worship should be extinguished, they shouted without intermission. For two years had Paul abode there, and see how many heathen there were still!
Homily on Acts 42
"But when they knew that he was a Jew, all with one voice about the space of two hours cried out, Great is Diana of the Ephesians." Do you mark the inordinate rage?
Homily on Acts 42
And when the townclerk had appeased the people, he said, Ye men of Ephesus, what man is there that knoweth not how that the city of the Ephesians is a worshipper of the great goddess Diana, and of the image which fell down from Jupiter?
Καταστείλας δὲ ὁ γραμματεὺς τὸν ὄχλον φησίν· ἄνδρες Ἐφέσιοι, τίς γάρ ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος ὃς οὐ γινώσκει τὴν Ἐφεσίων πόλιν νεωκόρον οὖσαν τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ τοῦ Διοπετοῦς;
Оу҆ти́шивъ же кни́жникъ наро́дъ, речѐ: мꙋ́жїе є҆фе́сстїи, кто́ бо є҆́сть человѣ́къ, и҆́же не вѣ́сть, ꙗ҆́кѡ є҆фе́сскїй гра́дъ слꙋжи́тель є҆́сть вели́кїѧ боги́ни а҆ртемі́ды и҆ дїопе́та;
Rightly does the grammarian say, "Who is ignorant of the city of the Ephesians?" … He does not say "Who does not know Artemis?" but "Who does not know your city?" which is what they were worshiping: … they were trying to make their faith a pretext for making money.
Catena on the Acts of the Apostles 19.35
"And when the town clerk had appeased the people, he said, Ye men of Ephesus, what man is there that knoweth not how that the city of the Ephesians is temple-keeper of the great goddess Diana, and of the image which fell down from Jupiter?" As if the thing were not palpable. With this saying first he extinguished their wrath. "And of the Diopetes." There was another sacred object that was so called. Either he means the piece of burnt earth or her image.
Homily on Acts 42
Well, and with rebuke does the town clerk say, "What man is there that knoweth not how that the city of the Ephesians-" coming to the point which they were frightened about. Is it this, says he, that ye do not worship her? And he does not say, "That knoweth not" Diana, but, "our city," that it always worshipped her.
Homily on Acts 42
The scribe shows how great the superstition of the Ephesians was, both in adorning the temple of Artemis and in honoring her image, which they and the Diopetes said to be fallen from Zeus. For they all called that shell the Diopetes, sent from heaven by Zeus, either a fallen statue that had come down from the sky, or the Palladium, as the Greeks invented in order to astonish the more gullible, which they supposed to have been fashioned from above by Zeus and not by humans. [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
The Diopetes, of the temple of Zeus, that is, the round-shaped one. Or it was likewise called another sanctuary among them. But instead of "temple-keeper" [Νεωκόρον] he says "temple-servant" [ἱερόδουλόν]; to "sweep" is the act of cleansing, from which also temple-keeper, the one who tends the temple, is so called, that is, he who sweeps the temple. [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
35–36The town clerk answers justly and with reproach; he did not say "what person does not know of Artemis?" but rather "who does not know that our city is a servant of the great goddess Artemis?" So why are you making an uproar, as though this were something unknown? The word "servant" means, properly speaking, an attendant who sweeps or cleanses the temple. By "Diopetes" he refers to the domed temple of Zeus, or the image of Athena Pallas called the Palladium, concerning which there existed a myth among the Greeks that it had been cast down by Zeus from heaven and was not made by human hands — this was meant to astonish naive people.
Commentary on Acts
Seeing then that these things cannot be spoken against, ye ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rashly.
ἀναντιρρήτων οὖν ὄντων τούτων δέον ἐστὶν ὑμᾶς κατεσταλμένους ὑπάρχειν καὶ μηδὲν προπετὲς πράσσειν.
без̾ всѧ́кагѡ ᲂу҆̀бо прекосло́вїѧ си̑мъ си́це сꙋ́щымъ, потре́бно є҆́сть ва́мъ безмѡ́лвнымъ бы́ти и҆ ничто́же безчи́нно твори́ти:
"Seeing then that these things cannot be spoken against, ye ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rashly." Why then do ye make a question about them, as if these things were not plain? Then he quietly chides them, showing that they had come together without reason. "And to do nothing rashly" he says. Showing that they had acted rashly.
Homily on Acts 42
For ye have brought hither these men, which are neither robbers of churches, nor yet blasphemers of your goddess.
ἠγάγετε γὰρ τοὺς ἄνδρας τούτους οὔτε ἱεροσύλους οὔτε βλασφημοῦντας τὴν θεὰν ὑμῶν.
приведо́сте бо мꙋже́й си́хъ, ни хра́мъ (а҆ртемі́динъ) ѡ҆кра́дшихъ, нижѐ боги́ню ва́шꙋ хꙋ́лѧщихъ:
"For ye have brought hither these men, which are neither robbers of churches, nor yet blasphemers of your goddess." All this however he says to the people; but in order that those workmen also might become more reasonable, he says: "Wherefore if Demetrius, and the craftsman which are with him, have a matter against any man, the law is open, and there are deputies: let them implead one another."
Homily on Acts 42
"For ye have brought hither," etc. They wanted to make religion the pretext for what concerned their own money-making: and it was not right on account of private charges to hold a public assembly. For he put them to a nonplus, and left them not a word to say for themselves.
Homily on Acts 42
37–40He gently rebukes them, showing that they acted rashly and that it was not proper to hold a public assembly for private reasons.
Commentary on Acts
Wherefore if Demetrius, and the craftsmen which are with him, have a matter against any man, the law is open, and there are deputies: let them implead one another.
εἰ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ τεχνῖται ἔχουσι πρός τινα λόγον, ἀγοραῖοι ἄγονται καὶ ἀνθύπατοί εἰσιν, ἐγκαλείτωσαν ἀλλήλοις.
а҆́ще ᲂу҆́бѡ дими́трїй и҆ и҆̀же съ ни́мъ хꙋдѡ́жницы и҆́мꙋтъ къ комꙋ̀ сло́во, сꙋды̀ сꙋ́ть и҆ а҆нѳѷпа́ти сꙋ́ть: да пое́млютъ дрꙋ́гъ на дрꙋ́га:
"Wherefore if Demetrius, and the craftsman which are with him, have a matter against any man, the law is open, and there are deputies: let them implead one another. But if ye enquire anything concerning other matters, it shall be determined in a lawful assembly."
Homily on Acts 42
"and have recourse to the courts and to the magistrates." There was a class of judges in Asia called the magistrates, of humble status, who in some cases judged the poor and market-people; therefore they were called magistrates, just as there are public prosecutors in certain cities. The proconsuls, however, listened to cases concerning the rich or crimes. The term magistrates is also applied to advocates, from the word ἀγορεύειν, that is, "to speak publicly." [AMMONIUS]
Commentary on Acts
But if ye enquire any thing concerning other matters, it shall be determined in a lawful assembly.
εἰ δέ τι περὶ ἑτέρων ἐπιζητεῖτε, ἐν τῇ ἐννόμῳ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐπιλυθήσεται.
а҆́ще ли же что̀ ѡ҆ и҆ны́хъ и҆́щете, въ зако́ннѣмъ собра́нїи разрѣши́тсѧ:
"But if ye enquire anything concerning other matters, it shall be determined in a lawful assembly." "A lawful assembly," he says, for there were three assemblies according to law in each month; but this one was contrary to law.
Homily on Acts 42
For we are in danger to be called in question for this day's uproar, there being no cause whereby we may give an account of this concourse.
καὶ γὰρ κινδυνεύομεν ἐγκαλεῖσθαι στάσεως περὶ τῆς σήμερον, μηδενὸς αἰτίου ὑπάρχοντος περὶ οὗ δυνησόμεθα ἀποδοῦναι λόγον τῆς συστροφῆς ταύτης.
и҆́бо бѣ́дствꙋемъ порица́еми бы́ти ѡ҆ крамолѣ̀ дне́шней, ни є҆ди́нѣй винѣ̀ сꙋ́щей, ѡ҆ не́йже возмо́жемъ возда́ти сло́во стремле́нїѧ сегѡ̀. И҆ сїѧ̑ ре́къ распꙋстѝ собра́вшїйсѧ наро́дъ.
"For we are in danger to be called in question for this day's uproar, there being no cause, for which matter we shall not be able to give an account for this concourse." Then he terrified them also by saying, "We are in danger to be called to account" for sedition.
Homily on Acts 42
"There being no cause," he says, "for this concourse, for which matter we shall not be able to give the account." See how prudently, how cleverly, the unbelievers act. Thus he extinguished their wrath. For as it is easily kindled, so also is it easily extinguished.
Homily on Acts 42
And when he had thus spoken, he dismissed the assembly.
καὶ ταῦτα εἰπὼν ἀπέλυσε τὴν ἐκκλησίαν.
"And when he had thus spoken," it says, "he dismissed the assembly."
Homily on Acts 42
AND it came to pass, that, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul having passed through the upper coasts came to Ephesus: and finding certain disciples,
Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ τὸν Ἀπολλὼ εἶναι ἐν Κορίνθῳ Παῦλον διελθόντα τὰ ἀνωτερικὰ μέρη ἐλθεῖν εἰς Ἔφεσον· καὶ εὑρὼν μαθητάς τινας
[Заⷱ҇ 42] Бы́сть же внегда̀ бы́ти а҆поллѡ́сꙋ въ корі́нѳѣ, па́ѵелъ, проше́дъ вы̑шнїѧ страны̑, прїи́де во є҆фе́съ, и҆ ѡ҆брѣ́тъ нѣ̑кїѧ ᲂу҆чн҃кѝ,